This is a well-balanced, thorough, and clearly written introduction to the subject. It features excellent illustrations and homework problems throughout, making it invaluable as a textbook. The book progresses in a logical and clear fashion from the fundamentals through to advanced topics, such as disorder, twinning, microfocus sources, low energy electron diffraction, charge flipping, protein crystallography, the maximum likelihood method of refinement, and powder, neutron, and electron diffraction. The author's clear writing style and distinctive approach is well suited for chemists, biologists, materials scientists, physicists, and scientists from related disciplines. It is a great resource for those who are learning the subject for the first time (both advanced undergraduate and graduate students), and for those who have practical experience but seek a handy reference summary
Author(s): Girolami, Gregory S
Publisher: University Science Books
Year: 2016
Language: English
Pages: 500
Tags: Физика;Практикумы, экспериментальная физика и физические методы исследования;
Content: PART I: SYMMETRY AND SPACE GROUPS Introduction Point Symmetry Operations Point Groups Periodicity Travel Symmetry Operations One- and Two-Dimensional Lattices Three-Dimensional Lattices Two-Dimensional Plane Groups Equivalent Positions Three-Dimensional Space Groups, Part 1 Three-Dimensional Space Groups, Part 2 Three-Dimensional Space Groups, Part 3 PART II: X-RAYS AND DIFFRACTION Generation of X-rays Diffractometers and Data Collection Scattering from a Single Electron Scattering from Atoms Diffraction from One-Dimensional Arrays Diffraction from Two- and Three-Dimensional Arrays Reciprocal Space and Miller Indices Bragg's Law, Scattering Planes, and d-Spacings The Limiting Sphere, Resolution, and Indexing Reflection Intensities Structure Factors and Argand Diagrams Phases, Friedel's Law, and Laue classes Centrosymmetry and Chirality Reflection Conditions Determining the Space Group of a Crystal PART III: SOLVING AND REFINING CRYSTAL STRUCTURES Fourier Transforms in Crystallography Trial and Error Methods Charge Flipping The Patterson Method The Heavy Atom Approximation Protein Crystal Structures Direct Methods, Part 1 Direct Methods, Part 2 Refining Crystal Structures Occupancy, Displacement Parameters, and Disorder Twinning Examples of Twinned Crystals Mistakes and Pitfalls Powder X-ray Diffraction Electron and Neutron Diffraction Appendix A Vector Tutorial Appendix B The Ewald Sphere Appendix C Atomic Scattering Factors Appendix D The Patterson Function Appendix E Introduction to SHELX Appendix F In-class Demonstration of Diffraction Bibliography Index
