According to a 2018 World Bank report, Africa is the only region with more women than men choosing to become entrepreneurs – a phenomenon that is not the subject of adequate discussion. This book reveals the latest research-based understanding of the entrepreneurial activities of women in sub-Saharan Africa. Specially invited subject experts present salient dimensions of entrepreneurship by African women, from environmental factors to motivations and influencers as well as financial and non-financial constraints, and highlight the significant role of cultural differences.
This book provides a mixture of theoretical, conceptual, and empirical research, and fills the knowledge gap by presenting a wide range of opportunities and challenges faced by sub-Saharan African women entrepreneurs. This book will help policy makers and academic researchers in understanding the role of institutions and entrepreneurship policy in building a thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem in the region.
Author(s): Marina Dabić, Léo-Paul Dana, Dina Modestus Nziku, Veland Ramadani
Series: Contributions to Management Science
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 294
City: Cham
Foreword
Preface
References
Editorial Board
Contents
About the Editors
Women Entrepreneurs in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Overview
1 Introduction
2 Structure of the Book
3 Conclusions and Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Cameroon
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
2.1 The Traditional African Society
2.2 Colonial Period
2.3 After Colonization/From Independence
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
3.1 Finance or Access to Capital
3.2 Education and Training
3.3 Government Policies and Regulations
3.4 Culture
3.5 Market
4 Women Entrepreneurship
4.1 Émérance: From Petty Trade to Decoration
4.2 Léonie: From Initiation to Inheritance
4.3 Paloma: A Hybrid Entrepreneur
4.4 Suzanne: Multisector Entrepreneur
5 Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Ethiopia
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
4 Women Entrepreneurship
5 Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Ghana
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
3.1 Causal Factors of Improvements in Women´s Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
4 Women Entrepreneurship
4.1 Success Factors of Women Entrepreneurs in Ghana: The Case of Two Role Models
4.1.1 Brief Biographical Profile and Entrepreneurial Activities
5 Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Kenya
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
4 Women Entrepreneurship
4.1 Women Entrepreneurship Development in Kenya
4.1.1 An Outstanding Kenyan Woman Entrepreneur in the Breweries Sector
4.1.2 An Outstanding Kenyan Woman Entrepreneur in the Finance Sector
4.1.3 An Outstanding Kenyan Woman Entrepreneur in the Waste Management Sector
4.1.4 An Upcoming Kenyan Woman Entrepreneur in the Creative Sector
5 Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Lesotho
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
4 Women Entrepreneurship
5 Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Namibia
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
4 Women Entrepreneurship
4.1 Methodology and Data Analysis
4.2 Biographical and Personal Information of the Respondents
4.3 Discussion and Findings of Open-Ended Questions
4.3.1 Responses to Question 1
4.3.2 Responses to Question 2
4.3.3 Responses to Question 3
5 Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Nigeria
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
2.1 Pre-Colonial Era Nigeria and Women Entrepreneurship
2.2 Colonial Era Nigeria´s and Women Entrepreneurship
2.3 Post-Colonial Era Nigeria and Women Entrepreneurship
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
4 Women Entrepreneurship
5 Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Sierra Leone
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
3.1 Policy
3.2 Business Support
3.3 Human Capital
3.4 Culture
3.5 Infrastructure
3.6 Market
4 Women Entrepreneurship
4.1 Women Entrepreneurs and Access to Finance in the Republic of Sierra Leone
4.2 Women Entrepreneurs and Human Capital in the Republic of Sierra Leone
4.3 Women Entrepreneurs and Business Culture in the Republic of Sierra Leone
4.4 Women Entrepreneurs and (in)Access to Public Financial Service Providers in the Republic of Sierra Leone
4.5 Women Entrepreneurs and Other Support Organizations in the Republic of Sierra Leone
5 Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in South Africa
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
3.1 Entrepreneurship in South Africa
3.1.1 Opportunity Perception
3.1.2 Start-up Skills
3.1.3 Risk Acceptance
3.1.4 Networking
3.1.5 Cultural Support
3.1.6 Opportunity Start-up
3.1.7 Technology Absorption
3.1.8 Human Capital
3.1.9 Competition
3.1.10 Product Innovation
3.1.11 Process Innovation
3.1.12 High Growth
3.1.13 Internationalisation
3.1.14 Risk Capital
4 Women Entrepreneurship
4.1 Women Entrepreneurship in South Africa
4.2 A Portrait of Successful Women Entrepreneurs
5 Towards the Future
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Tanzania
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
2.1 Geographical Location and Population of Tanzania
2.2 Sociopolitical and Economic Development of Tanzania
2.2.1 Pre-Colonial Period
2.2.2 Colonial Period
2.2.3 After Independence Period
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
3.1 Definitions of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
3.2 Small and Medium Enterprises in Tanzania
3.3 Tanzanian Participation in the Small Business Enterprises
3.4 Regional Distribution of Small Businesses within Tanzania
4 Women Entrepreneurship
4.1 Women Entrepreneurs in Tanzania: An Overview
4.2 Government Support and Women Entrepreneurship
4.3 Culture and Women Entrepreneurship
4.4 Stereotype and Discrimination
4.5 Access to Capital
4.6 Lack of Networks
4.7 Access to Information
4.8 Technology
4.9 Access to Markets
5 Towards the Future
5.1 Tanzanian Women and Gender Policy
5.2 Creating an Entrepreneurial Economy
5.3 Entrepreneurship Policy in Tanzania
5.4 Policies on Women Entrepreneurs
References
Women Entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe
1 Introduction
2 Historical Overview
2.1 Zimbabwean Women Entrepreneurs in Colonial Era
2.2 The Context of Women Entrepreneurship in Zimbabwe
2.3 Economic Emancipation and Women Empowerment
2.4 Connecting Women Entrepreneurship with Cross-border trading Theories
2.4.1 The Case for Women Entrepreneurship and Cross-Border Trading in Zimbabwe
3 Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
4 Women Entrepreneurship
5 Towards the Future
References
