Global efforts to combat human trafficking are ubiquitous and reference particular ideas about unfreedoms, suffering, and rescue. The discourse has, however, a distinct racialized legacy that is lodged specifically in fears about "white slavery," women in prostitution and migration, and the defilement of white womanhood by the criminal and racialized Other. White Supremacy, Racism and the Coloniality of Anti-Trafficking centers the legacies of race and racism in contemporary anti-trafficking work and examines them in greater detail.
A number of recent arguments have suggested that race and racism are not only visible, but vital, to the success of contemporary anti- trafficking discourses and movements. The contributors offer recent scholarship grounded in critical anti- racist perspectives that reveal the historical and contemporary racial working of anti- trafficking discourses and practices globally—and how these intersect with gender, citizenship, sexuality, caste and class formations, and the global political economy.
Author(s): Kamala Kempadoo, Elena Shih
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 292
City: New York
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments
Contributors
Introduction: Rethinking the Field From Anti-Racist and Decolonial Perspectives
Notes
References
Part I White Supremacy and Imperialism in Anti-Trafficking
Chapter 1 Anti-Trafficking and Anti-Smuggling Campaigns in West Africa as New Racialised Migration Deterrence Efforts
Introduction
Anti-Trafficking Discourses and Campaigns in Nigeria
Putting Africa-EU Migration in Context: Is Africa Emptying Into Europe?
Anti-Trafficking and Anti-Smuggling Advocacy as Tools for Racist Migration and Citizenship Agendas
Interviews With Nigerian Women in Ghana
Anti-Trafficking and Anti-Smuggling Campaigns as Obstacles to Women’s Mobility
Discussion and Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 2 Trafficking, Terror and Their Tropes
The “Terror” of Trafficking
Producing Panic, Problematic Paradigms
Bad Guys vs. Good Guys
Sexual Politics of the Muslim Body
Colliding Wars
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 3 The Anti-Trafficking Apparatus Has a Racial Justice Problem
The White Supremacy of Anti-Trafficking’s Investigative Reporting
Inside-Outside Prison Organizing, 2016–2018
Reforms to Undermine Racial Justice Movements
Notes
References
Chapter 4 Exploring the Role of Race and Racial Difference in the Legislative Intent of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act
Immigration Context of the TVPA
The Legislative History of the TVPA
TVPA: A Human Rights Rather Than Immigration Bill
TVPA as a Bill to Protect European Women and Children
TVPA as a Bill to Punish Non-White Traffickers
Conclusion
Notes
References
Legislation and Congressional Records
Chapter 5 Global White Supremacy and Anti-Trafficking: Race, Racism, and the Politics of Human Trafficking
Human Trafficking and Global White Supremacy
White Feminine Subjectivity, Racism, and Trafficking in Women
War On Trafficking, War On Sex Workers
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 6 To Trip the White Fantastic: The Road From White Supremacy to Sex Trafficking Safaris
References
Part II Colonialism and Racialization in Anti-Trafficking
Chapter 7 Whore’s Passport: Racialism, National Identity, and the Trafficking of Brazilian Women
Your Papers, Please?
The Whore and the State
“What Is It About Brazilian Women?”
Thoroughly Modern Maria
Whore’s Passport: Respectability Politics Under Surveilled Globalism
Notes
References
Chapter 8 Anti-Trafficking and Settler-Colonial Discourses of Protection: The Coloniality of Racialized Interventions
Introduction
Settler-Colonialism and the Coloniality of Anti-Trafficking
The Discursive Linking of MMIWG2S+ and Anti-Trafficking in a Settler-Colonial Context
Settler-Colonial Interventions and the Coloniality of Policing Anti-Trafficking
MMIWG2S+ and Coordinated Anti-Trafficking Policing Projects
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 9 The Jaula and Racialization of the Amazon: Reflections On Racism and Geopolitics in the Struggle Against Human Trafficking in Brazil
Introduction
The Cage
Political Arrangements Locating Trafficking in the Amazon
Colonial Racism, Humanitarianism and Capillarity: Upgrading Missionary Power in the Amazon
Final Considerations
Notes
References
Chapter 10 Constructing Victims and Criminals Through the Racial Figure of “The Gypsy”
Introduction
Methodology
Racialization, Whiteness and Institutional Racism
The European Historical Figure of “The Gypsy”
The History of David
Experiencing Exploitation and Fraud in the Danish Labor Market
Identified as a Victim of Human Trafficking
Out of Place – Criminalizing the Victim of Human Trafficking
The Conflation of “Romanian,” “Romany” and “Gypsy”
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 11 “Is It Because I’m Not Young and White With Blue Eyes?”: Canadian Police Response to Sex Workers of Colors’ Experiences of Exploitation and Trafficking
Introduction
Theoretical Framework and Literature Review
Method and Participants
Sex Workers of Colors’ Interactions With Police Officers
Case #1: Self-Reported Victimization By an Escaped, Black Sex Worker
Case #2: Awarding Victim Status to a South Asian Sex Worker
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 12 Trafficking Indianness By Legislating Settler Sexual Logics
Whose “Law and Order?”
Settler Logics of Sexual Excess
Conclusion
Notes
References
Cited Legislation
Chapter 13 Imperial Anti-Trafficking in India: Producing Racialized Knowledge Regimes Over the Longue Durée
Notes
References
Part III Migrant and Sex Worker Resistance to Anti-Trafficking
Chapter 14 Resistance of Butterfly: Mobilization of Asian Migrant Sex Workers Against Sexism and Racism in Canadian Anti-Trafficking Measures
Introduction
Histories and Legacies of Constructed Victimization
Sex and Migration in Nation and Empire Building
Orientalizing Narratives of Trafficking and Sexual Slavery
Early Anti-Trafficking and Anti-Prostitution Measures
Discourse of Anti-Trafficking and Current Policies in Canada
Contemporary Views On Sex Work and Trafficking
Victimization and Criminalization of Sex Workers in Canada
Resistance of Butterfly: Disturbing the System Through Organizing
Butterfly: Asian and Migrant Sex Workers Support Network in Canada
Beyond the Victim Label: Speaking Out as Resistance
Challenging the Discourse of Anti-Trafficking as Resistance: External Allyship Building
Internal Mobilization as Resistance: Sex Work Is Not Human Trafficking
Conclusion
Notes
References
Chapter 15 The Aesthetic of Migrant Sex Work: Creation of White Identity and Perceived Moral Superiority
References
Chapter 16 Sex Work in Jamaica: Trafficking, Modern Slavery, and Slavery’s Afterlives
Neither Slavery Nor Freedom
Framing Jamaican Sex Workers as Victims of “Trafficking and Modern Slavery”
The Enigma of Consent
The Afterlives of Slavery: Criminalization, Stigma and Violence
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Note
References
Chapter 17 Migrant Domestic Workers, Asylum-Seekers and Premonitions of Anti-Trafficking in Hong Kong
Introduction
Migrant Domestic Workers and the Illegibility of Trafficking
The Routinization of Trafficking Factors and the Criminalization of Identification
Erwiana Sulistyaningsih and the Recognition of Harm
Asylum-Seekers, Trafficking and Precarious Mobility Strategies
Conclusion
Notes
Funding Acknowledgement
References
Index
