Most European countries have experienced labour market reforms at varying times leading to extended working life and a postponement of retirement age. This book provides a gender perspective on the impact of extended working life on the different dimensions of well-being, the factors which can limit extended working life, and the working conditions of older workers.
Over the course of 11 chapters the book explores factors that can limit access to paid work or affect working conditions for older workers, including care for dependent individuals, negative stereotypes surrounding aged workers and poor health. It also investigates differences in working conditions for older workers by gender compared to other groups of workers and across European countries including case-studies from Austria, France, Spain, Poland, Croatia, Albania and Turkey.
It will be of interest to all scholars and students of social policy, sociology, gender studies and labour studies more broadly.
Author(s): Tindara Addabbo, Patricia Carney, Áine Ní Léime, Jeroen Spijker, Siniša Zrinščak
Series: Gender and Well-Being
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 238
City: London
Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Figures
Tables
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgements
1. Introduction to Well-being and Extended Working Life: A Gender Perspective
Extended working life
Changing workforce characteristics
Examination of impacts of EWL policies by gender
Contents of the book
Policy recommendations
Concluding remarks
Note
References
2. Extended Working Life in Austria and the EU28 - How Do Gender, Health and Life Satisfaction Relate to Longer Working Life? What Else Matters?
Introduction
Background
Some statistical evidence
Data analysis (the European Quality of Life Survey)
Concluding remarks
References
3. The Discrepancy between Actual and Preferred Work and Working Hours. Proposing a Triple-A Approach to Understand Employment and Time Constraints in the "Rush Hour" and "Autumn" of Working Life
Introduction
Literature review and concepts
Explanations for preferences and mismatches
Explaining mismatches through the Triple-A approach: Available, affordable and attractive employment and working hours
Concepts of mismatches
Main career phase
Micro-level: Attractiveness depends on the availability of a good quality job, affordability and caring responsibilities
Macro-level: Huge cross-country differences in the availability and affordability of employment and reduced working hours influence attractiveness
Late career phase
Micro-level: Attractiveness of work versus retirement depends on the availability of a quality job, affordability and health
Macro-level: Do the availability, affordability and the attractiveness of desired working hours or retirement differ across countries and in terms of gender?
Discussion: Assumptions on generational regimes
Working time (preferences) before and during the COVID-19 crisis
Limitations
Conclusion
References
4. The Working Conditions of Older Workers in Comparative Perspective
Introduction
The challenges of using comparative survey data to study working conditions
Framing extending working lives in comparative perspective
Mapping the employment patterns of older workers in comparative perspective
Methodology: MCA techniques and data
The main differentiating factors: The distribution of (physically) demanding working conditions and the (in)ability to articulate work and family life
The secondary differentiating factors: The distribution of non-manual working conditions, employment status and working time patterns
Conclusions
Notes
References
Appendix
5. The Impact of Age and Perceived Age Discrimination on Job Satisfaction and Mental Health
Introduction
Literature review
Data
Empirical method
Descriptive statistics
Job satisfaction analysis
Mental health analysis
Discussion and conclusion
Note
References
Appendix
6. Assessment of Extended Working Life in Albania on Various Dimensions of Well-Being from a Gender Perspective
Context analysis
Passive policies for extending working life
Active labour market policies
Education and training
Job satisfaction and family obligations
Policy reflections
Notes
References
7. Care for Dependent People and Extending Working Life in Poland
Introduction
Extending working life and its determinants
Are care responsibilities a barrier to extending working life in Poland?
Data and methods
Care measurement
Statistical analysis methods
Care responsibilities in the job context - the situation of women and men in Poland
People aged 50-64 as caregivers
Determinants of extending working life - significance of care duties
Institutional and organisational support for extending the working lives of caregivers
Role of social policy
Organisational support - the role of WLB measures
Conclusions and final remarks
Notes
References
8. The Relationship between Self-rated Health and Employment during the Recent Economic Crisis; The Case of Spain
Background
Data and method
Results
Discussion
Acknowledgements
Notes
References
9. Decision to Extend Working Life in Turkey and Its Relation to Subjective Well-being: A Qualitative Analysis from a Gender Perspective
Introduction
Methodology
Data collection
Ethical considerations
Recruitment and participants
Data analysis
Limitations
Findings
Motivations to extend working life
Current working experience
Outcomes of working
Plans for future
Gender-based experiences
Discussion and conclusion: SWB and working in later life
Note
References
Appendix
10. Gender Differences in Working Conditions in France
Introduction
The employment of (older) women
The professions where (older) women are more represented than men
Exposure to risks and well-being
Unemployment
Gender gap in health status and well-being
Effects of the COVID crisis on the labour market and the professional situation of (older) women in France
Inequalities relating to a decline in economic activity
The impact of COVID-19 on the professions of older women
Conclusion
Notes
References
Addendum
COVID surveys in France with data on employment
Attitudes of citizens towards COVID-19
The Coconel "Housing and Living Conditions" survey
EpiCOV: Tracing the immune status of the population to guide public decision-making
11. (Active) Ageing, Gender and Social Policy Reforms: The Case of Pension and Eldercare Reforms in Croatia
Introduction
(Active) ageing, welfare state and gender: A conceptual framework
(Active) ageing, gender and social policy reforms in Croatia
Communist and early post-communist social policy legacy
Croatian pension debates and developments
The Croatian eldercare debates and developments
Conclusion
Note
References
Index
