Web Standards: Mastering HTML5, CSS3, and XML provides solutions to the most common website problems, and gives you a deep understanding of web standards and how they can be applied to improve your website. You will learn how to create fully standards-compliant websites and provide search engine-optimized Web documents with faster download times, accurate rendering, correct appearance and layout, lower development cost, approved accessibility, backward and forward compatibility, and easy maintenance and content updating. The book covers all major Web standards, focusing on syntax, grammar, recommended annotations, and other standardization concerns. Web Standards: Mastering HTML5, CSS3, and XML is also a comprehensive guide to current and future standards for the World Wide Web. As a web developer, you'll have seen problems with inconsistent appearance and behavior of the same site in different browsers. Web standards can and should be used to completely eliminate these problems. Web Standards: Mastering HTML5, CSS3, and XML describes how you can make the most of web standards, through technology discussions as well as practical sample code that you can use for your own sites and web applications. It also provides a quick guide to standard website creation for Web developers. Learn techniques and best practices to achieve full standards compliance Write valid markup, styles, and news feeds from scratch or standardize websites by redesign Restrict markup to semantics and provide reliable layout What you’ll learn The importance and benefits of Web standards How to write valid markup from scratch The most up-to-date standards, rather than non-finalized specifications How to provide meaningful semantics and machine-readable metadata How to restrict markup to semantics How to achieve full standard compliance reasonably Who this book is for Web Standards: Mastering HTML5, CSS3, and XML provides a complete reference of Web standardization resources for website developers. Table of Contents Introduction to Web Standards Internationalization Markup Languages: More Than HTML5 Serving and Configuration for a Modern Website Style Sheets and CSS3 JavaScript and Web Applications Metadata and the Semantic Web Web Syndication Optimizing the Appearance of a CSS3 and HTML5 Website Accessibility Web Standards Development Tools Putting it All Together HTML5 and CSS3 Best Practices Markup Validation Most Common HTML5 and CSS3 Errors
Author(s): Leslie Sikos
Edition: 1
Publisher: Apress
Year: 2011
Language: English
Pages: 519
Cover......Page 1
Contents at a Glance......Page 3
Contents......Page 503
About the Author......Page 516
About the Technical Reviewer......Page 517
Preface......Page 518
The Basic Concepts......Page 5
The Role of Standardization......Page 6
Development and Announcement of Standards......Page 8
Standards Promotion and Distribution......Page 11
Types, Stages, and Status of Standards......Page 14
The Variety of Rendering Engines......Page 15
Testing the Standard Support of Browsers......Page 19
Standards vs. Quirks Modes, DOCTYPE Switching......Page 21
Problem Statement......Page 22
Major Concerns......Page 24
References......Page 33
The Importance of Character Encoding......Page 40
Unicode......Page 42
Declaring Character Encoding for the Markup......Page 49
Declaring Character Encoding for CSS......Page 51
Escape Codes, Special Characters, and Symbols......Page 52
Summary......Page 53
References......Page 54
Markup Languages: More Than HTML5......Page 56
SGML Languages......Page 57
Version Overview......Page 58
Markup Syntaxes......Page 67
Data Types......Page 75
Markup Elements......Page 78
Attributes......Page 88
HTML Document Structure......Page 103
Moving from HTML to XHTML......Page 121
Specific Markup Languages......Page 122
Combinations, Profiles, and Mixed-Namespace Documents......Page 128
Choosing a Markup Language......Page 132
Alternatives to Web Markup......Page 133
References......Page 134
The HTTP Header......Page 139
Internet Media Types (MIME)......Page 140
Serving XHTML......Page 147
URIs, URLs, and URNs......Page 149
References......Page 155
Cascading Style Sheets......Page 160
XSL......Page 205
Combining CSS and XSL......Page 208
References......Page 209
Client-Server Architectures......Page 211
Scripting and Standards Implementation......Page 212
Client-Side Development......Page 213
Server-Side Development......Page 232
Combinations of Client-Side and Server-Side Technologies......Page 236
Alternate Content and Fallback Mechanism for Scripts......Page 237
References......Page 238
The Semantic Web......Page 242
Wide Variety of Annotations and Syntaxes......Page 246
The meta Tags......Page 247
Schemas, Vocabularies, and Ontologies......Page 248
Combining Metadata......Page 284
Special Applications......Page 289
Metadata in SEO......Page 292
Summary......Page 293
References......Page 294
Really Simple Syndication......Page 303
Atom......Page 320
RSS or Atom?......Page 327
References......Page 328
Layout......Page 330
Typography......Page 337
Embedding External Content......Page 342
References......Page 358
Defining Web Accessibility......Page 361
Migrating from WCAG 1.0 to WCAG 2.0......Page 386
JavaScript Accessibility......Page 388
PDF Accessibility......Page 389
Accessibility of Mathematical Notations......Page 391
References......Page 392
Feature Requirements......Page 396
Text Editors......Page 397
WYSIWYG Editors......Page 399
Content Management Systems and Bloggers......Page 401
Specific Editors......Page 403
Markup Correctors......Page 405
Browsers as Development Tools......Page 406
Summary......Page 408
References......Page 409
Choosing the Relevant Standards......Page 412
Step-by-Step Development......Page 413
Summary......Page 434
References......Page 435
Content in Logical Order......Page 436
Sizes and Proportions......Page 437
Embedding External Content Properly......Page 439
Mobile Web Best Practices......Page 443
Providing Robustness......Page 444
Testing......Page 445
References......Page 446
Concepts......Page 448
Markup Validation......Page 449
Validating XML......Page 453
Validating CSS......Page 455
Validating I18N......Page 456
Validating Accessibility......Page 457
Unified Validators......Page 460
Extracting Semantic Content......Page 464
Expressing Validity......Page 467
Representing Technologies......Page 469
References......Page 471
Common Markup Errors......Page 474
Common Style Sheet Errors......Page 478
Common Accessibility Errors......Page 482
References......Page 483
C......Page 484
E......Page 486
F......Page 487
I......Page 488
L......Page 489
M......Page 490
P......Page 492
R......Page 493
S......Page 494
U......Page 495
V......Page 496
W......Page 497
X......Page 499
Z......Page 500
