Focusing on the Mediterranean area where water management is crucial, this pioneering study is the first to show how the supply, distribution, and drainage of water contributed to the urbanization of ancient cities. Drawing from classical archaeology, the theory and history of urbanization, geology, and hydraulic engineering, Crouch examines water-system elements, including springs, fountains, wells, channels and drains, latrines, laundry, and dishwashing, as they relate to each other and to the physical, historical, and social bases of ancient Greek cities. Studying numerous sites including Pompeii, Pergamon, Athens, Samos, Delphi, and Corinth, she concludes that increased knowledge and skill in management of water contributed directly to the urbanization of the ancient Greek world. Illustrated with excellent photographs and line drawings, the discussions of supply, distribution, and drainage of water are organized topically, rather than chronologically or by site, offering an excellent example of the interdisciplinary approach. Crouch's study raises stimulating questions for further research, indicates entirely new directions for established academic disciplines, and suggests useful procedures for modern cities facing problems of water supply and management.
Author(s): Dora P. Crouch
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Year: 1993
Language: English
Pages: 401
Contents......Page 16
List of Figures and Tables......Page 18
I: Introduction......Page 22
1. Purposes and Methods......Page 24
2. A Firm Archaeological Base for Urban History? Difficulties of Cross-Disciplinary Research......Page 31
II: Modern Questions About Ancient Water Control......Page 38
3. Water System Evidence of Greek Civilization......Page 40
4. Modern Insights About Ancient Water Management......Page 53
III: Greek Urbanism—Data and Theories......Page 62
5. Urban Patterns in the Greek Period: Athens, Paestum, Morgantina, Miletus/Priene, and Pergamon as Formal Types......Page 64
6. Greek Urbanization—Theoretical Issues......Page 68
IV: Geography and Geology......Page 82
7. Karst: The Hydrogeological Basis of Civilization......Page 84
8. Greek Settlements and Karst Phenomena: Corinth and Syracuse......Page 104
9. Urban Location Determinants: Argos, Gela, and Pergamon......Page 121
10. Natural Models for Water Elements......Page 136
V: Planning......Page 142
11. Planning Water Management: Corinth and Syracuse......Page 144
12. Planning Water Quality: Potable and Subpotable Water at Selinus and Priene......Page 172
VI: Supply, Distribution, Drainage......Page 190
13. Early and Late Examples: A New Look at Olynthos and Pompeii......Page 192
14. Morgantina's Agora—Design and Drains......Page 211
VII: Water System Elements Described and Quantified......Page 220
15. Scale Differences: Akragas and Morgantina......Page 222
16. Clusters of Water System Elements......Page 240
VIII: Physical Constraints on Built Form......Page 256
17. Urban and House Form Constrained by Water Resources—Morgantina......Page 258
18. The Well-Watered Acropolis at Athens......Page 276
19. Note on Testing the Water from the Asklepion Area, Athens......Page 299
IX: Amenity and Necessity......Page 302
20. Architectural Expression of Public and Private Water Supply at Morgantina, Corinth, Athens, and Delos......Page 304
X: Conclusions: Learning from Greek Experience......Page 328
21. Profile of Individual Water User......Page 330
22. Discoveries About Greek Water Management......Page 333
23. Thoughts on the History of Greek Urbanization......Page 358
Glossary......Page 366
Bibliography......Page 368
A......Page 388
C......Page 390
F......Page 392
H......Page 393
M......Page 394
P......Page 396
R......Page 397
S......Page 398
T......Page 399
W......Page 400
Y......Page 401
