Veterinary Ophthalmology Two-Volume Set

Cover
About the pagination of this eBook
Volume I
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Contributors
Preface
About the Companion Website
Section I Basic Vision Sciences
Chapter 1 Ocular Embryology and Congenital Malformations
Gastrulation and Neurulation
Formation of the Optic Vesicle and Optic Cup
Lens Formation
Vascular Development
Development of the Cornea and Anterior Chamber
Development of the Iris, Ciliary Body, and Iridocorneal Angle
Retina and Optic Nerve Development
Sclera, Choroid, and Tapetum
Vitreous
Optic Nerve
Eyelids
Extraocular Muscles
Developmental Ocular Anomalies
References
Chapter 2 Ophthalmic Anatomy
Introduction
Orbit
Eyelids
Conjunctiva
Nictitating Membrane
Lacrimal and Nasolacrimal System
Globe
Cornea
Sclera
Uvea
Lens
Vitreous
Retina
Optic Nerve
Vasculature of the Eye and Orbit
References
Chapter 3 Physiology of the Eye
Anterior Eye Structures
Tear Production and Drainage
Cornea
Iris and Pupil
Nutrition of Intraocular Tissues
Ocular Circulation
Ocular Barriers
Lens
The Vitreous
Ocular Mobility
Oculocardiac Reflex
References
Chapter 4 Optics and Physiology of Vision
Visual Optics
Visual Processing: From Photoreceptors to Cortex
References
Chapter 5 Fundamentals of Animal Vision
Scotopic and Photopic Vision
Flicker Detection
Motion Perception
Visual Fields, Binocular Vision, and Depth Perception
Color Vision
Visual Acuity
References
Section II Foundations of Clinical Ophthalmology
Chapter 6 Ocular Immunology
Architecture of an Immune Response
Ocular Immune Responses
Immune Responses in Clinical Ocular Disease
References
Chapter 7 Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology
Ocular Virology
Ocular Bacteriology
Ocular Fungal and Algal Diseases
Ocular Protozoal Diseases
Ocular Parasitic Diseases
References
Chapter 8.1 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Part 1: Ocular Drug Delivery
Barriers to Ocular Drug Delivery
Topical Route of Administration
Improvement of Topical Ocular Drug Delivery
Periocular Drug Delivery
Suprachoroidal Drug Delivery
Intraocular Drug Delivery
Systemic Administration
Other Methods of Ocular Drug Delivery
References
Chapter 8.2 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Part 2: Antibacterial Agents, Antifungal Agents, and Antiviral Agents
Antibacterial Agents – General Principles of Therapy
Drugs That Inhibit Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
Drugs That Disrupt the Bacterial Cell Membrane
Drugs That Affect Bacterial Protein Synthesis
Drugs That Alter Bacterial Folate Metabolism
Drugs That Affect Bacterial DNA Synthesis
Antifungal Agents – General Principles of Therapy
Antiviral Agents – General Principles of Therapy
References
Chapter 8.3 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Part 3: Anti-Inflammatory and Immunosuppressant Drugs
Ocular Inflammation
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Immunosuppressant Drugs
References
Chapter 8.4 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Part 4: Mydriatics/Cycloplegics, Anesthetics, and Tear Substitutes and Stimulators
Mydriatics/Cycloplegics
Local Anesthetics
Tear Substitutes and Stimulators
References
Chapter 8.5 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Part 5: Medical Therapy for Glaucoma
Cholinergic Agonists (Miotics)
Drugs Acting on Adrenoceptors
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Prostaglandin Analogues
Calcium Channel Blockers
Osmotic Agents
New Directions
References
Chapter 9 Veterinary Ophthalmic Pathology
Introduction and Principles
Fixation and Processing of Ocular Tissues
Fundamental Pathology
Ocular Inflammation
Pathology of Congenital Disorders
Acquired Ocular Disorders
References
Chapter 10.1 Ophthalmic Examination and Diagnostics: Part 1: The Eye Examination and Diagnostic Procedures
I: OPHTHALMIC EXAMINATION
PART II: OPHTHALMIC DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
References
Chapter 10.2 Ophthalmic Examination and Diagnostics: Part 2: Ocular Imaging
Role of Conventional Radiography
Optimizing Conventional Radiographic Studies
Contrast Radiography
Cross-Sectional Imaging Techniques: Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Tear Film Imaging
Corneal Imaging
Anterior Segment and Retinal Imaging
Optical Coherence Tomography
Laser Fluorophotometry and Laser Flare Cell Meters
Fluorescein Angiography
Future Directions
References
Chapter 10.3 Ophthalmic Examination and Diagnostics: Part 3: Diagnostic Ophthalmic Ultrasound
Principles of Ultrasound
Instrumentation and Processing
Ultrasound Modalities
Routine Globe Evaluation with B-Scans
Normal Ultrasonographic Anatomy
Ocular and Orbital Abnormalities
High-Resolution Ultrasound/Ultrasound Biomicroscopy
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography/Doppler
Three-Dimensional Ultrasound
References
Chapter 10.4 Ophthalmic Examination and Diagnostics: Part 4: Clinical Electrodiagnostic Evaluation of the Visual System
The Full Field Electroretinogram (fERG)
Other Electrodiagnostic Tests
References
Chapter 11 Ophthalmic Genetics and DNA Testing
The Canine Genome
Other Genomes
The Structure of Genes
Genetic Traits
What DNA Changes Result in Hereditary Disease?
The Process of Identification of Disease-Causing Mutations
Tests for Genetic Disease
References
Chapter 12 Fundamentals of Ophthalmic Microsurgery
Introduction
History of Ophthalmic Microsurgery
Magnification
Anesthesia
Surgeon Positioning
Patient Preparation and Globe Positioning
Instrumentation
Instrument Handling
Incision
Suture
Suture Pattern
Surgical Needles and Needle Holders
Forceps
Hemostasis
Viscoelastics
Conclusion
References
Chapter 13 Digital Ophthalmic Photography
Photography Basics
Equipment Considerations
Clinical Studio and Practical Aspects of Image Acquisition
Photographic Techniques
Infrared Macrophotography
Slit Lamp Photography
Goniophotography
Surgical Photography
Fundus Photography
Photography of Specific Lesions
Image Capture, Storage, Archiving, and Retrieval
Catalogue and Image Library Configurations
Ethics of Editing and Use of Images
Image Use and Publication
References
Section IIIA Canine Ophthalmology
Chapter 14 Diseases and Surgery of the Canine Orbit
Clinical Signs/Examination
Ancillary Diagnostic Tests
Congenital Anomalies of the Orbit and Globe
Acquired Orbital Diseases
Surgery of the Globe and the Orbit
References
Chapter 15 Diseases and Surgery of the Canine Eyelid
Structure and Function
Principles of Lid Surgery
Congenital and Presumed Hereditary Structural Abnormalities
Lid Trauma
Ptosis
Lagophthalmos
Inflammation
OTHER EYELID DISEASES
Eyelid Masses and Neoplasia
Reconstructive Blepharoplasty
Miscellaneous Eyelid Procedures
References
Chapter 16 Diseases and Surgery of the Canine Nasolacrimal System
Introduction
Embryology
Physiology
Clinical Manifestations of Nasolacrimal Disease
Diagnostic Procedures
Congenital Diseases
Acquired Diseases
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
References
Chapter 17 Diseases and Surgery of the Canine Lacrimal Secretory System
Formation and Dynamics of Tear Components
Pathogenesis of Tear Film Disease
Quantitative Tear Deficiency
Qualitative Abnormalities
Treatment of Tear Film Deficiencies
Cysts, Foreign Bodies, and Neoplasms of the Lacrimal Secretory System
References
Chapter 18 Diseases and Surgery of the Canine Conjunctiva and Nictitating Membrane
Conjunctiva
Infectious Conjunctivitis
Noninfectious Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis Associated with Tear Deficiencies
Ligneous Conjunctivitis
Conjunctival Neoplasia
Nonneoplastic Conjunctival Masses
Conjunctival Hemorrhages
Foreign Bodies
Orbital Disease
Anatomic Abnormalities
Conjunctival Manifestations of Systemic Disease
Effects of Radiation
Pharmacologic Research
Surgical Procedures
Nictitating Membrane
Anomalous, Congenital, and Developmental Disorders
Prolapse of the Gland
Neoplasia
Inflammatory Conditions
Trauma, Reconstruction, and Foreign Bodies
Miscellaneous Diseases
Nictitating Membrane Surgery
References
Chapter 19 Diseases and Surgery of the Canine Cornea and Sclera
Corneal Anatomy and Pathophysiology
Developmental Abnormalities and Congenital Diseases
Inflammatory Keratopathies
Non-Inflammatory Keratopathies
Surgery for Corneal Opacities
Corneoscleral Masses and Neoplasms
Scleral Diseases
References
Chapter 20 The Canine Glaucomas
Definition of Glaucoma
Epidemiology of Primary and Secondary Glaucomas in the Dog
Classification of the Glaucomas
Clinical Signs
Diagnostics
Structural and Functional Effects of Elevated Intraocular Pressure
Primary and Breed-Predisposed Canine Glaucomas
Primary Glaucomas
Secondary Glaucomas
Congenital Glaucomas
Medical and Surgical Treatment of the Canine Glaucomas
New Developments in Glaucoma Therapy
References
Index
Volume II
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Contributors
Preface
About the Companion Website
Section IIIB Canine Ophthalmology
Chapter 21 Diseases and Surgery of the Canine Anterior Uvea
Developmental Conditions
Degenerative Iridal Changes
Uveal Inflammation
Uveal Manifestations of Selected Diseases
Miscellaneous
Uveal Trauma
Hyphema
Non-neoplastic Iridal Proliferations
Anterior Uveal Tumors
Uveal Surgery
References
Chapter 22 Diseases of the Lens and Cataract Formation
Introduction
Special Techniques for Lens Examination
Normal Findings According to Age
Congenital Lens Abnormalities
Acquired Lens Abnormalities
Acquired Secondary Cataracts
Medical Treatment of Cataracts
Visual Consequences of Cataracts
Complications of Untreated Cataracts in Dogs
Lens Luxation
References
Chapter 23 Surgery of the Lens
Cataract Surgery
Patient Selection
References
Chapter 24 Diseases and Surgery of the Canine Vitreous
Development and Anatomy
Physiology
Aging
Diagnostic Procedures
Therapeutic Procedures
Vitreal Diseases
The Vitreous in Relation to Other Ophthalmic Disorders
References
Chapter 25 Diseases of the Canine Ocular Fundus
Methods of Examination
The Normal Ocular Fundus
Developmental Anomalies
Inherited Retinal Degenerations
Other Retinal Dystrophies
Lysosomal Storage Diseases
Inflammation and Infections Affecting the Ocular Fundus
Viral Diseases
Bacterial Diseases
Algal Disease
Protozoal Diseases
Parasitic Diseases
Specific Retinopathies
Retinal Toxicities
Retinopathies of Nutritional Causes
Nutritional Supplementation
Vascular Disease Processes
Retinopathies with Immunologic Diseases
Secondary Retinal Degeneration
Peripheral Cystoid Retinal Degeneration
Retinoschisis
Proliferative and Neoplastic Conditions
References
Chapter 26 Surgery of the Canine Posterior Segment
Anatomic Considerations
Types of Retinal Detachment
Factors Responsible for Retinal Detachment
Prophylactic Retinopexy
Surgical Procedures for Treatment of Retinal Detachment
Success of Retinal Detachment Repair
Retinal Prosthesis
Subretinal Injection
References
Chapter 27 Diseases of the Canine Optic Nerve
Introduction
Structure and Function of the Optic Nerve
Clinical Examination of the Optic Nerve
Diagnostic Imaging in Optic Nerve Disease
Optic Nerve Disorders
References
Section IV Special Ophthalmology
Chapter 28 Feline Ophthalmology
Diseases of the Eyelids
Diseases of the Nasolacrimal System
Diseases of the Third Eyelid
Ocular Surface Disease
Keratoconjunctival Disease
Corneal Disease
Diseases of the Anterior Uvea
Anterior Uveitis
Glaucoma
Diseases of the Lens and Cataract Formation
Diseases of the Posterior Segment
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 29 Equine Ophthalmology
Vision in Horses
Clinical Assessment of Vision in Horses
Examination of the Equine Eye
Ocular Problems in the Equine Neonate
Congenital Anomalies and Abnormalities
Acquired Ocular and Adnexal Problems in the Foal
Equine Orbit in Adults
Diseases and Surgery of the Eyelids
Diseases of the Conjunctiva
Diseases of the Nictitating Membrane
Nasolacrimal Disease
Diseases of the Equine Cornea
Ulcerative Keratitis
Corneal Foreign Bodies
Fungal/Mycotic Keratitis
Bacterial Keratitis
Corneal Perforation/Laceration
Non-Ulcerative Corneal Diseases
Diseases of the Equine Uvea
Aqueous Humor Dynamics and Glaucoma
Disease of The Horse Lens
Treatment: Cataract Surgery
Posterior Segment
Electroretinography in Horses
Diseases of the Optic Nerve
Geriatric Eye Problems
Ophthalmic Manifestations of Systemic Disease
Breed-Related Eye Conditions
Prepurchase Ophthalmic Examination
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 30 Food and Fiber Animal Ophthalmology
Bovine
Sheep and Goats
Pigs
Acknowledgments
References
31 Avian Ophthalmology
Ophthalmic Anatomy
Ophthalmic Examination and Normative Values: Nonraptor Species
Ophthalmic Diseases: Nonraptor Species
References
Chapter 32 Ophthalmology of New World Camelids
Vision
Examination Techniques
Ocular Medications
General Features of the Eye and Orbit
Eyelids and Nasolacrimal System
Conjunctiva
Cornea
Anterior Segment
Posterior Segment
Lens
Glaucoma
Amaurosis
Ocular Neoplasia
Conclusions
References
Chapter 33 Laboratory Animal Ophthalmology
Considerations for Ophthalmic Examinations in Laboratory Species
General Features of the Eyes of Laboratory Species
Normative Ancillary Diagnostic Values in Laboratory Species
Advanced Ophthalmic Imaging in Preclinical Studies
Animal Models in Research and Preclinical Drug Development
References
34 Small Mammal Ophthalmology
Rabbits
Guinea Pigs
Chinchillas
Ferrets
Sugar Gliders
Hedgehogs
Degu
References
Chapter 35 Exotic Animal Ophthalmology
Ophthalmic Examination
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Mammals
References
Chapter 36 Neuro-Ophthalmology
Gross Topographical Neuroanatomy
The Neuro-Ophthalmic Examination
Neuroanatomic Lesion Localization
Formulating an Appropriate Differential Diagnosis List
Neuro-Ophthalmic Diseases
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 37.1 Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Disease: Part 1: The Dog
Congenital
Developmental
Acquired
References
Chapter 37.2 Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Disease: Part 2: The Cat
Congenital
Developmental
Acquired
References
Chapter 37.3 Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Disease: Part 3: The Horse
Congenital
Developmental
Acquired
References
Chapter 37.4 Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Disease: Part 4: Food Animals
Congenital
Developmental
Acquired
References
Index
EULA