Content: Worldwide polyurethane markets / Peter J. Manno --
Polyurethane foam in furnishings markets / R.C. Snyder --
Automotive uses for polyurethanes / Donald G. Leis --
Insulation markets for isocyanurates and polyurethanes / E.H. Fuhs --
Urethane binders and adhesives / Robert J. Schafer and Wolfgang A. Oplesch --
Metal replacement opportunities for urethane systems / Sidney H. Metzger, Jr. --
Health considerations for isocyanates / Richard Henderson --
Fluorocarbons : energy extenders of polyurethane foams / David C. Fariss and Frederick E. Henoch --
Future impact of reduced fire hazards on urethane foam / John G. Schuhmann --
The effects of regulatory actions on the marketing of rigid polyurethane foam insulation / Robert G. Pilmer --
A reaction sequence model for flexible urethane foam / F.E. Bailey, Jr. and F.E. Critchfield --
Urethane block polymers : kinetics of formation and phase development / S.L. Hager, T.B. MacRury, R.M. Gerkin, and F.E. Critchfield --
Flow mechanics of polyurethane foam formation / J.T. Lindt and W. Kostrzewski --
The structure of the hard segments in MDI/diol/PTMA polyurethane elastomers / J. Blackwell, M.R. Nagarajan, and T.B. Hoitink --
Polyether glycols from tetrahydrofuran and ethylene oxide / I.M. Robinson, E. Pechhold, and G. Pruckmayr --
Catalysis of isocyanate reactions with protonic substrates : a new concept for the catalysis of polyurethane formation via tertiary amines and organometallic compounds / Gia Huynh-Ba and R. Jerôme --
Structure and segmental mobility of polyester urethanes using photochromic azobenzene probes / Claus D. Eisenbach --
Thermoplastic polyurethanes based on poly(oxyethylene-oxypropylene) glycols : the dependence of properties and injection moldability on molecular structure / F.X. O'Shea --
Bonding of isocyanates to wood / Roger M. Rowell and W. Dale Ellis --
Isocyanate binders for wood composite boards / J.W. Frink and H.I. Sachs --
Lignin-derived polyols, polyisocyanates, and polyurethanes / W.G. Glasser, O.H.-H. Hsu, D.L. Reed, R.C. Forte, and L.C.-F. Wu --
Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of seven polyurethane adhesives / D. Mark Hoffman --
Phase mixing in urethane polymers / Robert J. Lockwood and Louis M. Alberino --
Characterization of polyurethane networks / B. Ershaghi, A.J. Chompff, and R. Salovey --
Polyisobutylene-based diols and polyurethanes / J.P. Kennedy, B. Ivan, and V.S.C. Chang --
The mechanism of tin-amine synergism in the catalysis of isocyanate reaction with alcohols / Ibrahim S. Bechara --
Model studies of phenolic-urethane polymers / J.E. Kresta, A. Garcia, K.C. Frisch, and G. Linden --
Reactivity studies and cast elastomers based on trans-cyclohexane-1,4-diisocyanate and 1,4-phenylene diisocyanates / S.W. Wong, W.J. Juang, V. Olgac, K.C. Frisch, G. Heinrichs, and P. Hentschel --
Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer melt polymerization study / C.S. Schollenberger, K. Dinbergs, and F.D. Stewart --
Biodegradation of polyurethanes derived from polycaprolactonediols / Samuel J. Huang, Christopher Macri, Mark Roby, Christine Benedict, and J.A. Cameron --
Development of a biomedical polyurethane : orthopedic implant applications / Edward W.C. Wong --
Specialty urethanes for solventless coatings and adhesives / Claire Bluestein --
Novel masked aliphatic diisocyanates / Henri Ulrich --
Comparison of diol cross-linkers in castable urethane elastomers / I. Sioun Lin, Jerome Biranowski, and Donald H. Lorenz --
A new aromatic diol chain extender for urethane elastomers / D. Klempner and K.C. Frisch --
Fluid film processing applied to manufacturing of foam core insulating panels / Vijay Vimawala --
The role of release agents in urethane molding / David B. Cox.
Author(s): Kenneth N. Edwards, Wilson F. Gum, James E. Johnson, Fredrick E. Bailey, Jr., Ralph S. Graff, Wolfgang G. Glasser, Daniel Klempner, and Kurt C. Frisch (Eds.)
Series: ACS Symposium Series 172
Publisher: American Chemical Society
Year: 1981
Language: English
Pages: 555
City: Washington, D.C
Title Page......Page 1
Half Title Page......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
ACS Symposium Series......Page 5
FOREWORD......Page 6
PdftkEmptyString......Page 0
PREFACE......Page 7
Worldwide Demand......Page 8
Demand Constraints......Page 9
United States/Canada......Page 10
Latin America......Page 12
Europe/Middle East/Africa......Page 15
Japan/Far East......Page 19
The Total Market......Page 23
The Furniture Segment......Page 24
The Bedding Segment......Page 27
Carpet Underlay......Page 28
Summary......Page 30
3 Automotive Uses for Polyurethanes......Page 31
The Present Market......Page 34
Future Market......Page 38
Future Urethane Use......Page 41
Conclusion......Page 46
4 Insulation Markets for Isocyanurates and Polyurethanes......Page 47
Insulation Markets......Page 48
5 Urethane Binders and Adhesives......Page 54
Foundry Binders......Page 56
Construction Adhesives......Page 62
Transportation Industry......Page 64
RIM Fascia......Page 66
RRIM......Page 71
Polyurethane SMC (PUR-SMC)......Page 78
Non-Automotive Applications......Page 80
Literature Cited......Page 83
Production of Isocyanates - 1978 (1000 metric tons)......Page 84
Uses of Polyurethanes......Page 85
Reported Concentrations of Isocyanates......Page 86
Literature Cited......Page 88
8 Fluorocarbons—Energy Extenders of Polyurethane Foams......Page 91
ENERGY PENALTIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE ELIMINATION OF CFCs IN INSULATING FOAMS......Page 94
Background......Page 96
Variables: Ignition Source......Page 99
Variables: Construction and Fabric......Page 100
Future Testing, Standards and Industry Action......Page 101
Business Impact......Page 104
Summary......Page 106
10 The Effects of Regulatory Actions on the Marketing of Rigid Polyurethane Foam Insulation......Page 108
The Model Building Codes......Page 109
The Insurance Services Office......Page 111
R-Value Representations......Page 112
Summary......Page 115
Literature Cited......Page 116
11 A Reaction Sequence Model for Flexible Urethane Foam......Page 118
Experimental......Page 121
Results and Discussion......Page 127
Conclusions......Page 136
Literature Cited......Page 138
12 Urethane Block Polymers Kinetics of Formation and Phase Development......Page 139
ExperimentaI......Page 140
Results and Discussion......Page 141
AcknowIedgements......Page 155
References......Page 156
13 Flow Mechanics of Polyurethane Foam Formation......Page 157
APPROACH PROBLEM DEFINITION......Page 158
EXPERIMENTAL......Page 159
RESULTS DISCUSSION......Page 161
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT......Page 168
14 The Structure of the Hard Segments in MDI/diol/PTMA Polyurethane Elastomers......Page 169
Specimens......Page 172
Conformational Analysis of Poly(MDI-BDO)......Page 174
Poly(MDI-PDO) and Poly(MDI-EDO)......Page 177
Literature Cited......Page 185
Polymerization......Page 187
Results and Discussion......Page 188
LITERATURE CITED......Page 192
16 Catalysis of Isocyanate Reactions with Protonic Substrates A New Concept for the Catalysis of Polyurethane Formation via Tertiary Amines and Organometallic Compounds......Page 194
Discussion......Page 195
Consequences of the Proposed Reaction Mechanism......Page 199
Conclusions......Page 202
Literature Cited......Page 204
Experimental......Page 207
1) General discussion of photochromism in polymer matrices......Page 208
2) Photochromism in polyurethanes......Page 214
2a) Two-phase polyurethanes with chromophoric soft segments (11)......Page 216
2b) Two-phase polyurethanes with chromophoric hard segments (12)......Page 221
2c) Single-phase polyurethanes with chromophoric hard segments (13)......Page 223
Literature Cited......Page 225
18 Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Based on Poly(oxyethylene-oxypropylene) Glycols The Dependence of Properties and Injection Moldability on Molecular Structure......Page 227
Experimental......Page 228
Results and Discussion......Page 230
Literature Cited......Page 240
19 Bonding of Isocyanates to Wood......Page 242
Evidence of Bonding......Page 245
Volume of Chemical Added to Wood......Page 247
Dimensional Stability......Page 248
Resistance to Attack by Microorganisms......Page 254
Distribution of Bonded Isocyanates in Cell Wall Components......Page 255
Conclusions......Page 261
Literature Cited......Page 262
20 Isocyanate Binders for Wood Composite Boards......Page 264
Proposed Chemistry of Isocyanate Bonding......Page 265
History......Page 268
Red Oak Flakeboard......Page 269
Mixed Hardwood Flakeboard......Page 276
Aspen Waferboard......Page 283
Acknowledgement......Page 285
Literature Cited......Page 288
21 Lignin-Derived Polyols, Polyisocyanates, and Polyurethanes......Page 289
Results and Discussion......Page 291
Experimental......Page 308
Conclusions......Page 314
Literature References......Page 315
22 Dynamic Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Seven Polyurethane Adhesives......Page 317
Halthane 73-Series Adhesive......Page 318
Halthane 87- and 88-Series Adhesives......Page 327
Discussion......Page 332
Acknowledgments......Page 334
Literature Cited......Page 335
Experimental......Page 337
Polymer Preparation......Page 338
Results and Discussion......Page 339
Conclusions......Page 342
Literature Cited......Page 346
Experimental Details......Page 347
Results and Discussion......Page 350
Conclusions......Page 354
Literature Cited......Page 355
Experimental......Page 356
Results and Discussion......Page 358
Abstract......Page 362
Literature Cited......Page 364
26 The Mechanism of Tin—Amine Synergism in the Catalysis of Isocyanate Reaction with Alcohols......Page 365
Discussion......Page 367
Conclusion......Page 372
Literature Cited......Page 374
27 Model Studies of Phenolic-Urethane Polymers......Page 375
Results and Discussion......Page 376
Conclusions......Page 382
Literature Cited......Page 388
Experimental......Page 390
Results and Discussion......Page 393
Literature Cited......Page 402
29 Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer Melt Polymerization Study......Page 403
Experimental Part......Page 406
Apparatus......Page 411
I. Natural Polymerizations......Page 414
II. Catalyzed Polymerizations......Page 426
Ill. Shortstopped Polymerizations......Page 428
IV. Polymer Mastication......Page 436
Literature Cited......Page 439
Experimental......Page 441
Results and Discussion......Page 443
Conclusions......Page 451
Literature Cited......Page 457
31 Development of a Biomedical Polyurethane Orthopedic Implant Applications......Page 458
Literature Cited......Page 472
32 Specialty Urethanes for Solventless Coatings and Adhesives......Page 474
Classification......Page 475
Literature Cited......Page 485
33 Novel Masked Aliphatic Diisocyanates......Page 487
Literature Cited......Page 490
B. Physical Testing......Page 491
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 492
REFERENCES......Page 499
35 A New Aromatic Diol Chain Extender for Urethane Elastomers......Page 500
Elastomer Preparation......Page 501
Results and Discussion......Page 505
Conclusions......Page 511
Literature Cited......Page 518
36 Fluid Film Processing Applied to Manufacturing of Foam Core Insulating Panels......Page 519
Faster......Page 522
Lower Energy Use......Page 524
Safer......Page 529
Interchangeable With Double Belts......Page 530
37 The Role of Release Agents in Urethane Molding......Page 531
Discussion of Current Technology......Page 533
Literature Cited......Page 539
Β......Page 540
C......Page 541
D......Page 542
E......Page 543
F......Page 544
G......Page 545
I......Page 546
M......Page 548
Ρ......Page 549
S......Page 552
U......Page 554
Ζ......Page 555
