Urban Drainage and Storage Practices focuses on the latest developments in urban stormwater design methods using drainage and storage approaches for both water quality and quantity control. It covers both the conventional approaches to flood mitigation and low-impact methods for stormwater quality enhancement. Theory, practice, and modeling methods are presented to illustrate how to build a holistic stormwater drainage and storage system using urban open space and parks through multiple land use.
Each chapter provides background theory, numerical experiments, illustrations, and Excel spreadsheets that outline design and calculation procedures. All urban watersheds are modeled as a series of cascading planes to drain stormwater from upstream roofs and parking lots onto downstream grass areas and vegetal beds. The drainage system is designed as a three-layer cascading system with various low-impact units for micro events, conveyance elements for minor events, and storage facilities for macro events. This book
presents the theory and practice of designing and building a stormwater system
explains green approaches to designing and managing urban stormwater systems.
This text is ideal for senior and graduate students studying urban hydrology, hydraulic engineering, and water resource management. It will also be useful for engineers requiring a technical book with hands-on practical examples.
Author(s): James C.Y. Guo, Wenliang Wang, Junqi Li
Publisher: CRC Press
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 433
City: Boca Raton
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
About the Authors
Chapter 1 Stormwater Systems
1.1 Urban Stormwater Drainage Systems
1.2 Stormwater Drainage Facilities
1.2.1 Water Quality Facilities
1.2.2 Collection Facilities
1.2.3 Conveyance Facilities
1.2.4 Storage Facilities
1.3 Stormwater Planning
1.4 Stormwater Regional and Local Planning
1.5 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 2 Design Rainfall Distribution
2.1 Hydrologic Cycle
2.2 Rainfall Measurement
2.3 Rainfall Analysis
2.3.1 Continuous Record
2.3.2 Rainfall Depth–Duration and Intensity–Duration Curves
2.4 Rainfall Frequency–Depth Analysis
2.4.1 Rainfall Annual Database
2.4.2 Sample Statistics
2.4.3 Plotting Position
2.4.4 Probability Distributions
Gumbel Distribution
Exponential Distribution
Normal Distribution
Pearson Type Iii Distribution
2.4.5 Confidence Limits
2.5 Design Rainfall Information
2.5.1 Technical Paper 40 (TP40)
2.5.2 NOAA Atlas 14
2.5.3 Continuous Precipitation Data
2.6 Design Rainfall Distribution
2.6.1 24-hour Rainfall Distribution Curves
2.6.2 2-hour Design Rainfall Distributions
2.6.3 Derivation of Localized Design Rainfall Distribution
2.7 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 3 Runoff Hydrology
3.1 Watershed Land Uses
3.2 Hydrologic Types of Soils
3.3 Hydrologic Losses
3.3.1 Interception Losses
3.3.2 Infiltration Losses
Horton’s Formula
Green and Ampt
3.3.3 Movement of the Wetting Front
3.3.4 Depression Losses
3.3.5 Surface Detention Volume
3.4 Excess Rainfall
3.4.1 Seepage Flow Model for Rainfall Reduction
3.4.2 Soil Storage Model for Rainfall Reduction
3.5 Runoff Hydrograph
3.5.1 Runoff Hydrograph Analysis
3.6 Unit Hydrograph and the S-curve
3.6.1 Unit Hydrograph Derived from an Observed Hydrograph
3.6.2 Unit Hydrograph Derived from an S-curve
3.7 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 4 Rational Method
4.1 Rational Method
4.2 Design Rainfall Information
4.3 Volume-based Runoff Coefficient
4.3.1 Runoff Coefficients
4.3.2 Weighted Runoff Coefficient
4.4 Time of Concentration
4.4.1 Time of Concentration for Existing Conditions
4.4.2 Time of Concentration for Future Conditions
4.4.3 Empirical Formulas for Time of Concentration
4.5 Rational Hydrograph Method
4.6 Applicability Limit
Homework
References
Chapter 5 Unit Hydrograph
5.1 Agricultural Synthetic Unitgraph
5.2 Rational Unit Graph
5.3 Urban Synthetic Unit Graph
5.4 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 6 Kinematic Wave Method
6.1 Kinematic Wave Approach
6.2 Conversion of a Watershed into a Rectangular Plane
6.3 Overland KW Flow
6.4 Kw Dimensionless Unit Graph
6.5 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 7 Kinematic Wave Watershed Modeling
7.1 KW Cascading Flows
7.2 KW Overland Flow
7.3 Numerical Scheme for KW Overland Flow
7.4 Numerical Modeling for KW Overland Flow
7.4.1 Separate Flow System
7.4.2 Cascading Flow System
7.5 Kinematic Wave Channel Flow
7.6 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 8 Open-Channel Hydraulics
8.1 Classification of Channels
8.2 Classification of Channel Flows
8.3 Slopes in Channel Flow
8.4 Cross-sectional Elements
8.5 Empirical Formula
8.6 Roughness Coefficient
8.7 Normal Flow
8.8 Non-Uniform Flow
8.9 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 9 Street Conveyance Hydraulics
9.1 Street Hydraulic Conveyance Capacity
9.1.1 Straight Cross-Section
9.1.2 Composite Street Section
9.2 Traffic Safety with Street Runoff
9.3 Discharge Reduction Method
9.4 Allowable Street Hydraulic Conveyance Capacity
9.5 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 10 Inlet Hydraulics
10.1 Types of Inlet
10.1.1 Grate Inlet
10.1.2 Curb-opening Inlet
10.1.3 Combination Inlet
10.1.4 Slotted Inlet
10.2 Inlet Hydraulics
10.3 Determination of Design Discharge
10.4 Clogging Factor
10.5 Grate Inlet on a Continuous Grade
10.6 Grate Inlet in a Sump
10.7 Curb Opening on a Grade
10.8 Curb-opening Inlet in a Sump
10.9 Slotted Inlet
10.10 Combination Inlet
10.11 Carryover Flow
10.12 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 11 Roadway Storage Basin
11.1 Stormwater Detention Volume
11.1.1 In-stream Detention Volume
11.1.2 Off-stream Detention Volume
11.2 Storage Volume at a Street Sump Inlet
11.2.1 Storage Volume at Sump Inlet
11.2.2 Sump Street Storage Capacity
Volume for H < Hc
Volume for H > Hc
11.3 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 12 Culvert Hydraulics
12.1 Culvert Layout and Design Considerations
12.2 Culvert Sizing
12.3 Culvert Hydraulics
12.3.1 Culvert Hydraulics Under Inlet Control
12.3.2 Culvert Hydraulics Under Outlet Control
12.3.3 Determination of Culvert Capacity
12.4 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 13 Storm Sewer System Design
13.1 Layout of Storm Sewer System
13.2 Vertical Profile
13.3 Manhole in Sewer System
13.4 Incoming Laterals
13.5 Classification of Sewers
13.6 Sewer Sizing
13.6.1 Circular Sewers
13.6.2 Arch (elliptical) Sewer Hydraulics
13.6.3 Box Sewer Hydraulics
13.7 Design Constraints
13.8 Design Procedures
13.9 Design Discharge
13.10 Case Study
Homework
References
Chapter 14 Detention Basin Sizing
14.1 Types of Detention Basin
14.1.1 Classification Based on Location
14.2 Design Considerations
14.2.1 Location
14.2.2 Basic Layout
14.2.3 Groundwater Impacts
14.2.4 Inlet and Outlet Works
14.2.5 Other Considerations
14.3 Detention Process
14.4 Allowable Flow Release
14.5 Design Procedure
14.6 Detention Volume
14.7 Preliminary Shaping
14.7.1 Rectangular Basin
14.7.2 Triangular Basin
14.8 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 15 Outlet Work
15.1 Perforated Plate
15.2 Vertical Orifice
15.3 Horizontal Orifice
15.4 Weir Hydraulics
15.4.1 Rectangular Weir
15.4.2 Triangular Weir
15.4.3 Trapezoidal Weir
15.5 Culvert Hydraulics
15.5.1 Outlet-control Culvert Hydraulics
15.5.2 Inlet-control Culvert Hydraulics
15.5.3 Discharge Capacity of Concrete Vault
15.6 Characteristic Curve
15.7 Maintenance and Safety
Homework
References
Chapter 16 Performance of Detention Basin
16.1 Performance Evaluation of Basin
16.1.1 Storage-outflow Curve
16.2 Hydrologic Routing Schemes
16.2.1 Storage Routing Scheme
16.2.2 Outflow Routing Scheme
16.3 Evaluation of Detention Basin
16.4 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 17 Energy Dissipation Basin
17.1 Specific Energy
17.1.1 Critical Flow on Specific Energy Curve
17.1.2 Special Cases for Specific Energy
17.2 Specific Force
17.2.1 Critical Flow on Specific Force Curve
17.2.2 Special Cases for Specific Force Curve
17.3 Stilling Basin
17.3.1 Stilling Basin Under Design
17.3.2 Low Flow Through Stilling Basin
17.4 Plunging Pool
17.4.1 Composite Weir Section on Top of Drop Structure
17.5 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 18 Stormwater Quality Capture Volume
18.1 Review of Urban Drainage Systems
18.2 Filtering and Infiltrating Devices
18.3 Rainfall and Runoff Distributions
18.4 Concept of Runoff Capture
18.5 Runoff Capture Analysis
18.5.1 Runoff Volume Capture Analysis for Single Event
18.5.2 Runoff Volume Capture Analyses for Long-term Records
18.5.3 Runoff Event Capture Ratio
18.6 Dimensionless Runoff Capture Formula
18.7 Empirical Formula for WQCV
18.8 Water Quality Peak Flow
18.9 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 19 Porous Basin
19.1 Lid Site Plan
19.2 Incentive Index for LID Site
19.2.1 Area-Weighted Imperviousness
19.2.2 Volume-Weighted Imperviousness
19.3 Cascading Drainage Pattern
19.4 Types of LID Device
19.4.1 Porous Basins
19.4.2 Porous Pavement
19.5 Design Volume for a Porous Basin
19.5.1 WQCV for Basin Sizing
19.5.2 Pore Storage Capacity in Filtering Layers
19.6 Seepage Flow and Drain Time
19.6.1 Case 1: Without a Cap Orifice
19.6.2 Case 2: With a Cap Orifice
19.7 Dry Time of Sub-base
19.8 Clogging Effect and Lifecyle
19.9 Evaluation of LID Performance
19.10 Conclusions
Homework
References
Chapter 20 Stormwater Regional Planning
20.1 Design Flow as Loading to System
20.2 Runoff Flow Loading Approach
20.3 Conveyance and Storage Facilities
20.4 Interim Facilities for Urban Renewal
20.4.1 Temporary Channel and Off-stream Storage Systems
20.4.3 Temporary Flood Gate and Pump Systems
20.5 Conclusions
References
Index
