Untangling industrial policy ideas and coordination between state and business

In comparison to other works on industrial policy, there are three significant contributions. Ideas and Weltanschaaung matter and they have strong implications in the success of industrial policies. By and large, the ideational contestedness over industrial policies or a manufacturing strategy resulted from the absence of a development ideology in the different epistemic communities within the government and the business community. Either in business or government, the political strength of those standing for innovation as a critical component of the state action in the economic development was never strong enough to influence the prevailing Weltanschaaung.