Under the Mediterranean: Marine Antiquities

Introduction, page xi
Acknowledgements, page xv
Map, page xvi

PART I: INITIATION CEREMONIES
Chapter 1, p. 3
Well Baptism – Psychological Effects of Diving – Mediterranean Beginnings –
Diving Craft
Chapter 2, p. 19
The First Wreck – ‘Suckers’ – Underwater Propulsors

PART II: ANCHORS AND ANCHORAGES
Chapter 3, p. 29
Road to Damascus – Anchorages – Information from Fishermen –- Lebanese Divers –
Stone Anchors – Byblos – Adonis’ Cave
Chapter 4, p. 42
Temple of the Obelisks – Tabarja Anchor – Stone Anchors: Votive, Maltese, Minoan,
Round, Trireme and Byzantine–Arab – Documentary Clues – Lead-stocked Anchors, their
Function and Variety – Iron Anchors

PART III: PORTS
Chapter 5, p. 65
The Existence of Early Harbours – Structural Classification – Silt and Silting – Changing
Sea Levels – Buried Cities – Tyre in History – Geological Positions – As Seen Today –
Poidebard’s Aims in Excavating – His Methods – Findings – Outstanding Questions –
The General Picture
Chapter 6, p. 88
The Layout of Sidon – Island Anchorage – The Closed Ports – The Hidden Mole –
Fortifications – The Sluices – Structural Comparisons – Natural Rock-pools – Tabarja
Interlude – The Port of Byblos
Chapter 7, p. 99
Asine – Mochlos – Mallia – A Rock-cut Tank at Nirou Khani – Komo and
Matala – Greek and Roman Harbour Construction

PART IV: WRECKS
Chapter 8, p. 117
Wreckless Lebanon – Variations on a Submarine Landscape – A Conversation: Halicarnassos,
Seals and a Magic Spring – What Are Ancient Wrecks? – Their Formation not
Continuous in Time – Wreck-formation and Geology – Their Appearance – Antique
Cargoes: Mahdia, Anticythera, Artemesion – Modern Wrecks – On Travel – Beirut to
Ankara – Afyon
Chapter 9, p. 137
Izmir: Demeter and Divers – The Meander Valley – Bodrum – The Castle –
The Ancient Harbour – Project for a Maritime Museum
Chapter 10, p. 158
Karabagla Log – The Sites – A Geological Time Scale – Land Records –
Deep-water Recording: its Limitations and Function
Chapter 11, p. 177
Nature of Wreck Formations – Dumas’s Excavation Method – Solutions to Recording
Problems: the Grid, an Alternative Convention – Photography and Deep Water Recording

PART V: SPONGE DIVERS AND ANOTHER
ANCIENT TRADE
Chapter 12, p. 197
Petra Divers – Wreck Prospection – The Sponge Trade – Fishing with a
Sponge Boat
Chapter 13, p. 211
A Forfeit and Ruins – Consignment for a Byzantine Architect – More Building
Materials Lost – Back to the Gallo-Romans

PART VI: ROMAN WOOD UNDER THE SEA-BED
Chapter 14, p. 225
‘Round’ Ships – Their Joinery – Roman Hulls Found on Land – Pioneer Work
at the Congloué
Chapter 15, p. 240
The Cargo of Sestius’ Ship – First Visit to the Congloué; A Piece of Keel – Two Parallel
Groups of Planking – A Third Group with Ribs, Rider and Double Planking – Clues to
Lie and Construction – The Need for Expert Evaluation
Chapter 16, p. 254
Land Archaeology and Marine Problems – The Interpretation of Existing Reports –
Awareness of the Limitations of Underwater Work and Divers’ Craftsmanship

Appendix, p. 261
Glossary of Turkish words, p. 269
Bibliography, p. 270
Index, p. 274