Throughout the world, traffic levels are increasing and, in urban areas, these increasing levels have led to pressures on the road network which are causing serious economic, environmental and social problems. Many past policies have failed to deal adequately with these problems, including the traditional approach of forecasting vehicle usage and building more roads to accommodate this. It is now widely accepted that unrestrained demand for travel by car cannot be sustained and measures to address congestion have therefore shifted from the concept of 'predict and provide' to 'predict and manage'. These measures are known as travel demand management (TDM). TDM is a set of policies with the primary objective of influencing travel behavior of individuals through restrictions on private vehicle use and ownership and the provision of various travel alternatives. Road-user charging is one such TDM policy, but there are many others which can also be adopted. This book examines the full range of 'push and pull' TDM measures, including regulatory, pricing, planning and persuasive policies to encourage individuals to make their trips in off-peak periods, by a different mode or to find another way of carrying out the trip purpose. Applying such measures can result in a more efficient transport system, improved environmental conditions and improvements in safety as well as revenue generation for use on alternative transport systems. The editors conclude with a summary of findings within the book and suggestions for best future practice.
Author(s): Wafaa Saleh, Gerd Sammer
Year: 2009
Language: English
Pages: 268
Contents......Page 6
List of Figures......Page 8
List of Tables......Page 12
List of Contributors......Page 14
Acknowledgements......Page 20
1 Travel Demand Management and Road User Pricing: Success, Failure and Feasibility......Page 22
PART I: Travel Demand Management: Investigation of Impacts......Page 32
2 Non-Negligible Side Effects of Traffic Demand Management......Page 34
3 Validation and Comparison of Choice Models......Page 58
4 On-Street Parking Pricing: Ex Ante Ex Post Profile Analysis following a 50% Increase in On-Street Parking Charges in Dublin City......Page 80
5 Modelling Impacts of Tolling Systems with Multiple User Classes......Page 94
6 The Network Society and the Networked Traveller......Page 110
7 An Evaluation of Future Traveller Information System and its Effectiveness in Demand Management Schemes......Page 130
PART II: International Experiences with TDM Measures......Page 154
8 Variable Message Signs: Are they Effective TDM Measures?......Page 156
9 Transantiago: The Fall and Rise of a Radical Public Transport Intervention......Page 172
10 Unexpected Delay and the Cost of Lateness on I-394 High Occupancy/Toll Lanes......Page 194
11 Integrated Network Improvement and Tolling Schedule: Mixed Strategy versus Pure Demand Management......Page 206
12 Traveller Responses to the Stockholm Congestion Pricing Trial: Who Changed, Where Did They Go, and What Did It Cost Them?......Page 236
13 Travel Demand Management Measures: Technical Answers or Political Gains? Closing Remarks......Page 260
D......Page 264
M......Page 265
S......Page 266
V......Page 267
W......Page 268
