The text provides in-depth knowledge about recent advances in solar collector systems, photovoltaic systems, the role of thermal energy systems in buildings, phase change materials, geothermal energy, biofuels, and thermal management systems for EVs in social and industrial applications. It further aims toward the inclusion of innovation and implementation of strategies for CO2 emission reduction through the reduction of energy consumption using conventional sources.
This book:
- Presents the latest advances in the field of thermal energy storage, solar energy development, geothermal energy, and hybrid energy applications for green development
- Highlights the importance of innovation and implementation of strategies for CO2 emission reduction through the reduction of energy consumption using sustainable technologies and methods
- Discusses design development, life cycle assessment, modelling and simulation of thermal energy systems in detail
- Synergize exploration related to the various properties and functionalities through extensive theoretical and numerical modelling present in the energy sector
- Explores opportunities, challenges, future perspectives and approaches toward gaining sustainability through renewable energy resources
The text discusses the fundamentals of thermal energy and its applications in a comprehensive manner. It further covers advancements in solar thermal and photovoltaic systems. The text highlights the contribution of geothermal energy conversion systems to sustainable development. It showcases the design and optimization of ground source heat pumps for space conditioning and presents modelling and simulation of the thermal energy systems for design optimization. It will serve as an ideal reference text for senior undergraduate, graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of mechanical engineering, environmental engineering and energy engineering.
Author(s): Ashwani Kumar, Varun Pratap Singh, Chandan Swaroop Meena, Nitesh Dutt
Series: Advances in Manufacturing, Design and Computational Intelligence Techniques
Publisher: CRC Press
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 300
City: Boca Raton
Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Aim and Scope
Preface
Acknowledgement
About the Editors
List of Contributors
Chapter 1: Introduction to Thermal Energy Resources and Their Smart Applications
1.1 Introduction to Energy Resources: Basic Concepts
1.2 Energy Consumption: Brief History
1.3 Traditional Sources and Applications
1.4 Smart Applications of Thermal Energy Resources
References
Chapter 2: Thermal Energy Storage: Opportunities, Challenges and Future Scope
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Challenges and Characteristics of TES Systems
2.3 Thermal Energy Storage Technologies
2.3.1 Sensible Heat Storage
2.3.1.1 SHS Material
2.3.2 Latent Heat Storage
2.3.3 Chemical Heat Storage
2.4 Performance Parameters for TES
2.5 Solar System TES
2.6 Conclusions and Future Directions
References
Chapter 3: Introduction and Fundamentals of Solar Energy Collectors
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Material and Methods
3.3 Classification of Solar Collectors
3.3.1 Flat Plate Collector (FPC)
3.3.2 Compound Parabolic Collectors
3.3.3 Evacuated Tube Collectors (ETC)
3.4 Sun Tracking Collectors
3.4.1 Parabolic Through Collector
3.4.2 Linear Fresnel Reflector
3.4.3 Parabolic Dish Reflector
3.4.4 Heliostat Field Collector
3.5 Discussion
References
Chapter 4: Optimization of Solar Collector System Based on Different Nanofluids
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Material and Method
4.2.1 Experimental Arrangement
4.2.2 Preparation of Nanofluids
4.2.3 Evaluation of Uncertainty
4.3 Methodology
4.3.1 Variation of Operating Conditions
4.3.2 Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Analysis
4.3.3 TOPSIS Assignment
4.4 Result and Discussion
4.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Advancements in Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic System
5.1 Overview
5.2 What Is Solar Thermal?
5.3 Principle of Working of Solar Thermal System
5.4 What Is Solar PV?
5.5 Recent Advances in Solar PV and Thermal Technologies
5.5.1 Recent Advancements in the Solar Cell Materials
5.5.1.1 Crystalline Configuration
5.5.1.2 Thin Film Technology
5.5.1.3 Solar PV Concentrated Technology
5.5.1.4 Polymer and Organic Configuration
5.5.1.5 Hybrid Configuration
5.5.1.6 Dye-Sensitized Type
5.6 Advanced Applications and Trends in Solar PV
5.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Thermal Energy Applications in Net-Zero Energy Buildings
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Thermal Comfort and Air Quality Requirements in nZEB
6.3 Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Building Structures
6.3.1 Strategies to Regulate Heat Transmission in Building Structures
6.3.1.1 Homogeneous Structures
6.3.1.2 Structures with Closed-Air Gap or Ventilated Air Layer
6.3.1.3 Ground-Contact Building Structures
6.3.1.4 Windows and Doors
6.4 Heat Generation Technologies for nZEB
6.5 Decentralized Heat Generators
6.5.1 Biomass Stoves and Furnaces
6.5.2 Electrical Heaters
6.6 Heat Generators for Central Heating Systems
6.6.1 Combustion Boilers
6.6.1.1 Thermal Efficiency of Combustion Boilers
6.6.2 Heat Pumps
6.6.3 Solar Thermal Collectors
6.6.4 District Heating
6.7 Space Heating of nZEB
6.7.1 Building Heat Load
6.7.2 Basic Componential Analysis of Space Heating Systems and Subsystems
6.7.2.1 Conceptualization of Heat Containment
6.7.3 Distribution Systems
6.7.4 Hydronic Systems
6.7.5 End Heat Exchangers
6.7.6 Radiators
6.7.7 Active Beams
6.8 Thermally Activated Building Structures
6.8.1 Space Heating System: Control
6.8.2 Domestic Hot Water Heating (DHW) in nZEB
6.8.3 Space Setup Cooling Conceptualization for nZEB Structures
6.8.4 Mechanical Cooling Systems and Concepts for nZEB
6.8.5 Direct Evaporation Based Air Conditioning Systems
6.9 Ventilation Systems and Management in nZEB
6.9.1 Natural Ventilation
6.9.1.1 Working of Natural Ventilation Subsystems
6.9.2 Mechanical Ventilation
6.9.3 Mechanical Ventilation Systems
6.9.4 Heat Recovery Units (HRU) and Air Handling Units (AHU)
6.10 Technological Aspects of the Improvement of Ventilation Energy Efficiency
6.10.1 Increment in Thermal Recovery-Based Prospects by the Utilization of a Ground Heat Exchanger
6.10.2 Increasing Energy Efficiency of Buildings With Integration of Building Service Systems
References
Chapter 7: Modelling and Simulation of Thermal Energy System for Design Optimization
7.1 Introduction to Basic Principles of Modelling and Simulation of Thermal Systems
7.2 Modelling
7.2.1 Types of Models
7.2.2 Analogue Models
7.2.3 Mathematical Models
7.2.4 Numerical Models
7.2.4.1 Solution Methodology in Numerical Modelling
7.2.4.1.1 Finite Difference Method
7.2.4.1.2 Finite Element Method
7.2.5 Physical Models
7.3 Integration of Different Models
7.4 System Simulation
7.4.1 Steady or Dynamic Simulation
7.4.2 Continuous or Discrete Simulation
7.4.3 Deterministic or Stochastic Simulation
7.5 Methodology
7.6 Methods for Numerical Simulation
7.7 Optimization of Thermal Systems
References
Chapter 8: Thermal Efficiency Enhancement of Solar Still Using Fins with PCM
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Experimental Facility and Instrumentation
8.3 Thermal and Economic Analysis
8.4 Results and Discussion
8.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9: Thermal and Electrical Management of a Solar PV/T System with and without PCM
9.1 Introduction
9.2 System Configuration and Methodology
9.3 Nanofluid Preparation
9.4 Methodology
9.5 Results and Discussion
9.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 10: Second Law Analysis of Desiccant Cooling-Based Thermal Systems
10.1 Introduction
10.2 System Operation
10.3 Energy Analysis
10.4 Results and Discussion
10.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 11: Analysis of Optimum Operating Parameters for Ground Source Heat Pump System for Different Cases of Building Heating and Cooling Mode Operations
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Methodology
11.2.1 Taguchi Method
11.2.2 Taguchi - Parameters and Level
11.2.3 GHX Length and Parameters Calculation
11.3 Results and Discussions
11.3.1 Effect of Parameters on GHX Length
11.3.2 S/N Ratio
11.3.2.1 Space Cooling and Heating
11.3.2.2 Heating < Cooling, Heating = Cooling and Heating > Cooling
11.3.2.3 Thermal Borehole Resistance
11.3.3 ANOVA and Main Effect Analysis
11.3.3.1 Space Heating and Cooling
11.3.3.2 HeatingCooling
11.3.3.3 Thermal Borehole Resistance
11.3.4 Selection of Optimal Levels and Confirmation Test
11.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 12: Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Management Systems with Different Mediums and Techniques for Electric-Driven Vehicles
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Battery Thermal Management System
12.2.1 Air-Based Thermal Management System
12.2.2 PCM-Based Thermal Management System
12.2.3 Liquid-Based Thermal Management System
12.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13: Performance Evaluation of Diesel Engine with Fuels Prepared from Hydrogen and Nanoparticle Blended Biodiesel by Varying Injection Pressure
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Experimental Apparatus and Procedure
13.2.1 Blend Preparation
13.2.2 Nanoparticle Mixing
13.2.3 Experimental Set-Up
13.2.4 Physio-Chemical Characterization of Diesel Blends
13.2.5 Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
13.2.6 Artificial Neural Fuzzy Interface System (ANFIS)
13.3 Results and Discussion
13.3.1 Brake Thermal Efficiency
13.3.2 CO Emission
13.3.3 UBHC Emissions
13.3.4 NOx Emission
13.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 14: Effect of Antioxidant Psidium guajava Extract on the Stability of Oxidation of Various Biodiesels
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Stability of Oxidation
14.2.1 Importance of Biodiesel Stability of Oxidation
14.2.2 Characterization Methods for Stability of Oxidation
14.2.2.1 Rancimat (EN-14112)
14.2.3 Fluorescence Spectroscopy
14.2.4 Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA/DTA)
14.2.5 Light Reflectance Method (ASTM D-6468)
14.2.6 Gravimetric Analysis
14.2.7 Active Oxygen Method (AOM)
14.2.8 Jet Fuel Thermal Oxidation Tester (JFTOT)
14.3 Fatty Acid Compositions for Various Fats and Oils
14.4 Impact of Oxidation of Biodiesel on Diesel Engines
14.5 Antioxidants
14.5.1 Natural Antioxidant
14.5.2 Synthetic Antioxidant
14.6 Materials and Methods
14.6.1 Preparation of Psidium guajava Extract (PGE)
14.6.2 Biodiesel Preparation
14.6.3 Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) Proportion and Physicochemical Properties
14.6.4 Identification of the Structural Composition of PGE
14.6.5 DPPH Scavenging Activity
14.6.6 Total Phenolic Content
14.6.7 Stability of Oxidation (OS)
14.7 Results and Discussion
14.7.1 Physico-Chemical Properties of JBD
14.7.2 Identification of functional groups in Psidium guajava
14.7.3 DPPH Scavenging Effect
14.7.4 Overall Phenolic Content (TPE)
14.7.5 Outcome of Guava Extract on the Stability of Oxidation of JBD
14.8 Conclusion
References
Index
