Theory And Problems of Fluid Dynamics

Cover
Half Title Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
About the Editor
Table of Contents
List of Symbols
Peface
Chapter 1 Fluids
1.1. Fluids Definition and Classification
1.2. Density, Specific Weight, and Specific Gravity
1.3. Pressure and Specific Volume
1.4. Equations of State
1.5. Bulk Modulus
1.6. Dynamic and Kinematic Viscosity
1.7. Surface Tension
1.8. Capillary Action
1.9. Vapor Pressure
1.10. Exercises
Chapter 2 Fluid Statics
2.1. Static Pressure and Variation Within a Fluid
2.2. Pressure Variation In Compressible Fluids
2.3. Forces Acting on Surfaces by Static Fluids
2.4. Pressure Center
2.5. Force Analysis In Case of Curved Surface Submerged in a Liquid
2.6. How to Measure Pressure
2.7. Manometers
2.8. Buoyancy, Law of Floatation and Floating Bodies
2.9. Relative Motion in Fluids
2.10. Metacenter Height
2.11. Exercises
Chapter 3 Kinematics of Flow
3.1. Flow Variables and Classifications
3.2. Steady Flow
3.3. Uniform Flow
3.4. Elements of a Particle In Motion
3.5. Equation of Continuity
3.6. Exercises
Chapter 4 Dynamics of Flow
4.1. Forces
4.2. Equation of Motion in Streamline Coordinates
4.3. The Equation of Motion in an Inviscid Flow
4.4. Velocity Potential
4.5. Velocity Potential Versus Stream Function
4.6. Flow Nets
4.7. Exercises
Chapter 5 Bernoulli’s Theorem
5.1. Deduction of Bernoulli’s Theorem, Modifications,
and Application
5.2. Coefficient of Flow
5.3. Venturimeter and Orifice Meter
5.4. Orifice Meter/Plate
5.5. Inflow and Outflow
5.6. Coefficient
5.7. Time Relation in Discharging Liquids
5.8. Loses of Head In Flowing Fluids
5.9. Weirs and Notches
5.10. Velocity of Approach
5.11. Siphon Spillway (Figure 5.20)
5.12. Broad – Crested Weir
5.13. Submerged Weir (Figure 5.22)
5.14. Sluice Gates (Figure 5.23)
5.15. Borda’s Mouthpieces (Figure 5.24)
Chapter 6 Force and Momentum
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Impact of Jets
6.3. Forces on Bends
6.4. Rockets Motion
6.5. Jet Propulsion
6.6. Loss of Energy in Pipe Expansion
6.7. Lawn Sprinklers
6.8. Pelton Wheel
6.9. Reaction Turbines
Chapter 7 Irrotational Flow
7.1. General Motion of a Fluid Element
7.2. Uniform Flow
7.3. Plane Potential Flow in Polar Coordinates
Chapter 8 Laminar Motion
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Shear Stresses
8.3. Navier-Stokes Equations and Solutions
8.4. Flow Between Horizontal Parallel Plates
8.5. Flow Between Two Plates With X-Axis Along the Lower Plate
8.6. Couette Flow
8.7. Combined Hagen-Poiseuille and Couette Flows
8.8. Hagen-Poiseuille Flow in Cylindrical Tubes
8.9. Laminar Flow in an Annulus Area
8.10. Rotating Cylinders
8.11. Reynolds Number and Stability Parameters
8.12. Stability Parameter
8.13. Stability Curves
8.14. Laminar Boundary Layer
8.15. Boundary Layer Thickness
8.16. Displacement Thickness
Chapter 9 Turbulent Flow
9.1. Characteristics of Turbulence and Classification
9.2. Reynolds Equation
9.3. Derivation For Mean Turbulent Flow
9.4. Characteristics of Turbulence
9.5. Turbulent Boundary Layer
9.6. General Logarithm Formulation
9.7. Momentum Equation
9.8. Turbulent Flow In Pipes
9.9. Exercises
Chapter 10 Flow Through Pipes
10.1. Friction In Pipes and Flow In Pipes
10.2. Reynolds Experiment
10.3. Distribution of Velocity in a Pipe
10.4. Steady Flow and Losses in Pipes
10.5. Head Loss in Pipe and Fittings
10.6. Hydraulic and Energy Gradients
10.7. Problems in Pipe Flow
10.8. Pipe Network
10.9. Transmission of Power In Pipes
10.10. Unsteady Flow in Pipes
10.11. Water Hammer Blow in Pipes
10.12. Effect of Pipe Elasticity on Hammer Blow
10.13. Oscillations of Liquid Column in a U-Tube
10.14. Surge Tanks
10.15. Exercises
Chapter 11 Flow Through Channels
11.1. Open Channels and Flow
11.2. Expression for The Flow in Open Channels
11.3. Manning’s Formula
11.4. Types of Channels and Discharge
11.5. Variation of Velocity Over The Cross Section of a Channel
11.6. Hydraulic Jump
11.7. Specific Energy of a Channel’s Cross Section
11.8. Exercises
Chapter 12 Compressible Flow
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Gas Laws And Work Done
12.3. Application of Law of Conservation of Energy
12.4. Enthalpy and Entropy
12.5. Velocity of Pressure Wave In Fluid
12.6. Variation of Atmospheric Pressure With Altitude
12.7. Speed of Sound And Mach Number
12.8. Compressible Flow – One Dimensional Flow
12.9. Normal Shock Wave
12.10. Compressible Flow In A Pipe With Friction
12.11. Mach Number Relations
12.12. Exercises
Chapter 13 Dimensional Analysis
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Fundamental Units of Dimensions
13.3. Summation of Quantities
Chapter 14 Fluid Power
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Definitions, Coefficient, And Power Calculations
14.3. Properties of Fluids In Hydraulics
14.4. Elements of Power Hydraulics
Index