Practice theory provides a way of understanding everyday life, but until now its application in occupational therapy has not been much developed. Theorising Occupational Therapy Practice in Diverse Settings draws on practice theory to explore the conditions for occupational therapy practice in a variety of clinical and non-traditional settings.
With examples from around the globe, the chapters of the first section unfold practice theory perspectives of occupational therapy history, the management of occupational therapists in health systems, professional roles and working contexts. A bridging chapter reviews this development and sets out some of the global social phenomena that shaped occupational therapy; including colonialism and social inequality. The authors look forward to where the profession finds itself at present, in terms of social and health needs, power structures, occupational therapy theory and emerging areas of practice. The second section of the book considers how occupational therapists are responding to the challenges facing the profession in relation to issues of access, resources and change. A final chapter reviews how occupational therapy can meet the health-related occupational needs of individuals, communities and populations throughout the 21st century. While acknowledging the complexity of occupational, health and social needs, the book enables readers to relate occupational therapy aims and objectives effectively to pragmatic strategies for dealing with the realities of working in different settings.
With numerous case examples, this is an important new text for students and practitioners of occupational therapy. It is relevant both for those working in, or preparing for, placements in mainstream health and social care services, or in community interest companies, charities and social enterprises.
Author(s): Jennifer Creek, Nick Pollard, Michael Allen
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 221
City: London
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Contents
Tables
Boxes
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
1. History and early development of occupational therapy
Introduction
Origins of occupational therapy
Women's movement
Housing reform
Settlement house movement
Arts and crafts movement
Pragmatism
Early development of occupational therapy
Professionalisation
Practice
Education
Theorising
An alternative perspective
How occupational therapy came into existence
How occupational therapy is structured
What are theories of social practice?
The main features of practice theories
Conceptualising a practice
The elements of practice
Practice-as-performance/Practice-as-entity
Teleoaffective structures
Summary and conclusion
References
2. Managerialism and health services
Introduction
What is managerialism?
Management
Managerialism
Case study 1: The managerialisation of healthcare in the United Kingdom
Macro-level issues of managerialism
Neoliberalism
Power, rules and authority
Management of healthcare services
Micro-level issues of managerialism
Proceduralisation
De-professionalisation
Performance monitoring
Sanctions
Case study 2: The impact of management on the occupational therapist. By Elizabeth Wylde
Summary and conclusion
References
3. Space-time, temporality and professional roles
Introduction
Space-time
What is time?
Cultural understandings of time
What is space?
What is space-time?
The role of the occupational therapist
Teleoaffectivities
The day-to-day practices of occupational therapy
Time spending and managing
Being a profession
Time in occupational therapy practice
Case study 1.1: Making decisions about time use
Role reasoning
Case study 1.2: Considering the temporal realities of service users
Occupational therapy practice and lived time
Case study 1.3: Life stage considerations
Past, present and future
Case study 1.4: Orienting therapy towards the future: Goals and decisions
Summary and conclusion
References
4. Space-time, place and working contexts
Introduction
What is space?
Space and place
Nexuses of practice
Space, place and occupational therapy
Space in occupational therapy and occupational science literature
Space and occupational therapy practice
Case study 1: 'Do you do massage?'
Working in institutional settings
Case study 2: The battle of the chair
Reconsidering practice spaces
Case study 3: Space-time of the CP outreach clinic
Part 1: The clinic setting
Part 2: Alternative spaces
Shaping spaces to enable practices
Case study 4: Practices and pedagogy: Training for contextually appropriate occupational therapy in Madagascar
Summary and conclusion
References
5. The current position of occupational therapy theory and practice
Introduction
What this chapter is about
Constellations of practice in the 21st century
The legacy of colonialism
The social structuring of inequality
Occupational therapy as a commodity
Resisting social inequality
Global social issues
Climate change
Inequity and health
Sustainability
Displacement
Where the profession is now: A turning point?
Issues for occupational therapy
Theory: An element of the social practice of occupational therapy
Emerging practice
Summary and conclusion
References
6. Access
Introduction
Occupational therapy and issues of access
Alternative understandings of access
Access to everyday life
Macro-level access issues
Access to occupational therapy services
Case study 1: Ljósid - a not-for-profit cancer rehabilitation service, by Erne Magnusdóttir
Micro-level access issues in diverse settings
Barriers to access
Enabling access
Case study 2: Specialist mentoring for university students, by Lesley McCallion
Summary and conclusion
References
7. Resources
Introduction
What are resources?
Macro-level resource issues in diverse settings
Personal capabilities: Macro-level issues
Material resources: Macro-level issues
Space-time: Macro-level issues
Human resources: Macro-level issues
Micro-level resource issues in diverse settings
Case study 1: CircusAid, by Jill Maglio
Identifying resources: Places and people
Utilising resources: Volunteers
Maximising resources: Adaptation
Personal capabilities: Micro-level issues
Material resources: Micro-level issues
Space-time: Micro-level issues
Human resources: Micro-level issues
Resourcefulness
What is resourcefulness?
Case study 2: Occupational therapy in primary care
Summary and conclusion
References
8. Change in occupational therapy
Introduction
What is change and how does it occur?
How change happens in healthcare provision
Macro-level influences on change: Occupational therapy in Brazil
Introduction to Brazil
Healthcare in Brazil
The history of Brazilian occupational therapy
Social activism in Brazilian occupational therapy
Micro-level influences on change
Case study 1: A person-centred process in occupational therapy, by Rafaela Arrigoni
How change occurred in this situation?
Case study 2: The change process, by Ana Paula Briguet
How change occurred in this situation
Case study 3: Technological innovation, by Sonia Maria Leonardi Ferrari
How change occurred in this situation
Summary and conclusion
Notes
References
9. Where we want to be
Introduction
Occupational therapy: Two social practices
Occupational therapy as a biomedical practice
Occupational therapy and social reform
Social issues of the 21st century
The digital world
Development needs
Complexity
Elements of occupational therapy as a social practice
Materials
Competences
Meanings
Structures
Summary and conclusion
References
Glossary
References
Index
