This classic work on the Winnebago Indian tribe remains the single best authority on the subject. Based on Paul Radin's field work in 1908–13, The Winnebago Tribe was originally published as an annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology in 1923. It is distinguished by a number of first-person accounts by Winnebago informants and by the thoroughness with which Radin discusses Winnebago history, archaeology, material culture, social customs, education, funeral and burial rites, warfare, and shamanistic and medical practices. Included are Winnebago tales and legends and the first complete account of the peyote religion, now known as the Native American Church.
Author(s): Paul Radin
Series: Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology 37th
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Year: 1923
Language: English
Pages: 644
City: Washington, D.C.
Contents......Page 11
37th Annual Report of the BAE......Page 15
The Winnebago Tribe - Contents......Page 51
Illustrations......Page 57
Preface......Page 61
1. History......Page 63
2. Winnebago Archeology......Page 98
Habitations......Page 136
Clothing and Adornment......Page 142
Hunting......Page 153
Fishing and Agriculture......Page 158
Games and Amusements......Page 172
Musical Instruments......Page 177
Divisions of Time......Page 178
4. General Social Customs......Page 180
Male Terms of Address......Page 184
Female Terms of Address......Page 187
Joking Relationship......Page 189
Puberty Customs......Page 191
Marriage......Page 194
Adoption......Page 195
Description of Funeral Customs and Wake......Page 196
Generalized Description of Funeral Customs and Wake......Page 200
Death and Funeral Customs of the Thunderbird Clan (2nd version)......Page 202
Death and Funeral Customs of the Bear Clan......Page 204
Origin Myth of the Four Nights' Wake......Page 210
Grave-post Marks......Page 211
Warfare......Page 212
The Council Lodge......Page 223
System of Instruction to Son......Page 226
System of Instruction to Daughter......Page 237
System of Instruction to Children......Page 240
8. Social Organization – General Discussion......Page 241
The Twofold Grouping......Page 245
Functions of the Twofold Division......Page 247
Clan Organization......Page 250
Reckoning of Descent......Page 252
Individual Names......Page 253
Attitude Toward Clan Animals......Page 255
Relationship to Clan Animals......Page 256
The Clan Tie......Page 258
Clan Functions......Page 259
The Reciprocal Relationship of the Clans......Page 261
The Specific Possessions of the Clan......Page 262
The Clan Marks of Identification......Page 263
Influence of the Clan Upon Ceremonial Organization......Page 264
Introduction......Page 267
Clan Myths and Names......Page 272
Introduction......Page 278
Origin Myth......Page 279
Eagle and Pigeon Clans......Page 280
Clan Names......Page 281
Introduction......Page 285
Origin Myths......Page 289
Clan Songs......Page 295
Clan Names......Page 296
Origin Myths......Page 298
Clan Names......Page 300
Introduction......Page 301
Clan Names......Page 302
Origin Myth......Page 303
Clan songs......Page 305
Introduction......Page 306
Origin Myths......Page 307
Introduction......Page 315
Clan Names......Page 316
Clan Names......Page 317
Introduction......Page 320
Tales Concerning Midjistega......Page 321
Lincoln's Grandfather......Page 324
The Uses of the Stench-Earth Medicine......Page 325
How an Indian Shaman Cures His Patients......Page 336
Thundercloud's Fasting Experience......Page 341
Introduction......Page 343
The Concept of Supernatural Power......Page 347
The Concept and Nature of the Spirits......Page 349
The Power and Localization of the Spirits......Page 354
The Twofold Interpretation of the Relation of the Spirits to Man......Page 355
The Guardian Spirits......Page 356
How Wegi'ceka tried to see earthmaker......Page 357
Account of J.'s Fasting......Page 359
Aratcge'ka's Fasting......Page 362
Account of X.'s Fasting......Page 364
How Y. Fasted and Was Blessed with a War-Bundle......Page 365
What G. Obtained in His Fast......Page 366
How a Bear Blessed a Man......Page 367
How the Daughter of Mank'erexka Refused a Blessing from Disease-Giver......Page 368
Fasting Experience......Page 370
J. B.'s Fasting Experience......Page 374
How a Man Defied Disease-Giver......Page 375
Methods of Bringing the Spirits into Relation with Man......Page 376
The Folkloristic Concepts......Page 377
The Cosmological Ideas......Page 382
Introduction......Page 383
The Thunderbird Clan or Chief Feast......Page 384
The Bear Clan Feast (1st Version)......Page 387
The Bear Clan Feast (2nd Version)......Page 390
The Snake Clan Feast......Page 391
Society of Those Who Have Received Blessings from the Night Spirits......Page 395
Society of Those Who Have Been Blessed by the Herok'a......Page 409
Society of Those Who Have Been Blessed by the Buffalo Spirits......Page 410
Society of Those Who Have Been Blessed by the Grizzly Bear......Page 413
Origin Myth......Page 416
Organization of the Bands......Page 427
Personal Accounts of Initiation......Page 446
The Hok'ixe're Dance......Page 451
The Captive's Death Dance......Page 456
The Farewell Dance......Page 457
The Soldier's Dance......Page 458
Kikre Waci and Tcebokonank Dances......Page 459
General Description......Page 460
John Rave's Account of the Peyote Cult and of His Conversion......Page 463
O. L.'s Description of the Peyote Cult......Page 468
J. B.'s Account of the Leader of the Peyote......Page 470
Albert Hensley's Account of the Peyote......Page 471
J. B.'s Peyote Experiences......Page 474
J. B.'s Account of His Conversion......Page 486
Jesse Clay's Account of the Arapaho Manner of Giving the Peyote Ceremony Which He Introduced Among the Win- nebago in 1912......Page 489
Development of the Ritualistic Complex......Page 493
Dissemination of the Doctrine......Page 496
What the Converts Introduced......Page 498
The Attitude of the Conservatives......Page 499
Introductory Remarks......Page 501
Analytical Presentation of the Ceremony......Page 502
The Development of the War-Bundle Feast and Its Place in the Ceremonial Organization of the Winnebago......Page 510
Characterization of the Spirits Mentioned in the War-Bundle Feast......Page 514
Description of the War-Bundle Feast......Page 519
Sweat-Lodge Ritual......Page 524
General Placing of the Tobacco......Page 528
The Tobacco Offering to the Spirits......Page 530
The Buckskin Offerings to the Spirits......Page 542
Filling of the Ceremonial Pipe and Smoking Ritual......Page 546
Basic Ritual......Page 548
The Feast......Page 558
The Fast-Eating Contest......Page 562
Continuation of the Basic Ritual......Page 564
The Tobacco Offering......Page 578
Basic Ritual......Page 582
The Throwing Out of the Buckskins......Page 590
Rite of Those Who have Been Crazed by the Night Spirits......Page 596
Continuation of the Basic Ritual......Page 598
Terminal Address to the Dog......Page 604
Addenda......Page 606
The War-bundle Feast of the Thunderbird Clan (2nd Version)......Page 608
The War-bundle Feast of the Thunderbird Clan (3rd Version)......Page 612
The War-bundle Feast of the Bear Clan......Page 625
Index......Page 629
