There have been significant efforts to implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at multiple levels of governance across all regions of the world. However, the manner in which the global governance norms underlying the SDGs are actually being diffused is under-researched and not well understood. This book considers the promotion of the SDGs through the lens of norm diffusion theory, with a focus on three SDG policy areas; health, education and decent work.
A distinctive feature of the book is that it offers multiple original case studies of SDG norm diffusion involving Asian and European actors. A unique feature is that the case studies in the book identify relevant SDG norm senders and norm receivers, and examine the relationship between them. The book also challenges the assumption that the SDGs themselves are static and unchanging, and reveals how SDG norms are dynamic and can be reformulated as a result of contestation between norm senders and norm receivers. As well as introducing a diverse and original set of case studies, the book therefore allows readers to deepen their understandings of the policy diffusion mechanisms by which SDGs are diffused, and grasp the patterns of success and failure in the implementation of these policies.
Chapters 4, 5 and 7 of this book are available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.routledge.com. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 licence.
Author(s): Paul Bacon, Mina Chiba, Frederik Ponjaert
Series: Routledge Studies in Sustainable Development
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 206
City: London
Cover
Half Title
Series Information
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Illustrations
About the Editors
Contributors
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Section 1 Conceptual Frameworks
1 The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as International Norms
Introduction
The Book’s Theme
SDGs’ Overview
The Emergence of the SDGs and Targets
Formulation of the SDGs
Introduction to the Book Chapters
References
2 Adapting and Applying the ‘Spiral Model’ to the Diffusion of the SDGs
Introduction
The Spiral Model of Human Rights Change and the Hybrid Theory
The Interaction Between Logics of Action and Socialisation Processes
Checkel’s Theory of Different Types of Socialisation
The Scope Conditions of the Hybrid Model
Mechanisms of Diffusion and Modes of Action
The Five Phases of the Spiral Model of Norm Diffusion
Support for and Criticism of the Spiral Model: Improving Our Analysis of Norm Diffusion
Strengthening the Spiral Model: Adding Theories of Types of Socialisation, Norm Localisation and Norm Contestation to …
Differentiating Socialisation and Persuasion
Acharya’s Theory of Norm Localisation
Theories of Norm Contestation and the Work of Jacqui True
Direct, Indirect and Locally-Mediated Diffusion
The Spiral Model as a Powerful Tool of Norm Diffusion and Norm Compliance
References
Section 2 Ensuring Healthy Lives and Promoting Well-Being (SDG 3)
3 Diffusion of UHC Through Global Health Diplomacy
Introduction
The Right to Health
‘Health for All’ and Primary Health Care
‘Health for All’ in International Development Goals: From the MDGs to the SDGs
2019 Osaka G20 Summit and UN High-Level Meeting On UHC
Conclusion
References
4 Diffusion of SRHR and Local Constraints
Introduction
Norm Diffusion and Areas of Limited Statehood
Limited Statehood and SRHR in the Philippines
The Trajectory of Sexual and Reproductive Health Policies in the Philippines
Reproductive Health Law of 2012
Conclusion
Note
References
5 Sexuality Education in Thailand: Contestation and Reconciliation
Introduction
Policy Development of School-Based CSE in Thailand
Massive Public Information and Education On HIV/AIDS in the 1990s
Promotion of School-Based Sexuality Education From the 2000s
Implementation of CSE in Schools in Thailand
Norm Diffusion of CSE at the School Level
Discussion and Conclusion
Note
References
Section 3 Ensuring Inclusive and Equitable Quality Education (SDG 4)
6 Reformulation of Inclusive Education: Cambodia
Introduction
Historical Background and Global Definitions of Inclusive Education
Data On and for Inclusion and Education in Cambodia
Data On Inclusion and Education
Data for Inclusion and Education
Diffusion as Intended and Delivered
As Intended: the Legal and Non-Legal Normative Framework of Inclusive Education
As Delivered: the Institutional Framework of Inclusive Education
Reformulation and Norm Diffusion Through Contestation
Conclusion and Implications
References
7 Diffusion of Inclusive Education in Malawi
Introduction
Adoption of Inclusive Education Policy in Malawi: From the Regional to the National Level
Inclusive Education in Policy Documents
Adoption and Development of Inclusive Education Policy
Analysis of Contextual Factors: Malawi in Southeast Africa
Teacher and Parent Reception of Inclusive Education Policy: From National to Local
Teacher Evaluation of Inclusive Education Policy
Results of the Questionnaire Survey
Results of Interviews With Teachers
Parent Reception of Inclusive Education Policy: the Meaning of ‘Inclusivity’ at the Local Level
Findings and Discussion
Conclusion
Funding and Acknowledgements
Note
References
8 Challenges for Diffusing Global Citizenship Education in Japan
Introduction
Global Citizenship Education
Internationalisation of Higher Education in Japan
Methodology
Findings
The Politics of International Norms
Existence of Competing Terms
Challenges in Translation and Implementation in Practice
Existence of Dominant Stakeholders
Conclusion
References
Section 4 Full and Productive Employment and Decent Work (SDG 8)
9 Gender Equality and Decent Work: Japan
Guarantees of Gender Equality and Decent Work in the MDGs and SDGs
Changing the Mindset Concerning Decent Work: From a Lack of Mention in the MDGs to an Individual Goal in the SDGs
The Continuous Struggle Towards Gender Equality: How MDG 3 Evolved Into SDG 5
Understanding the Gap Between Commitment and Compliance: the Relevance of the Spiral Model of Norm Diffusion for Domestic ...
The Spiral Model as a Useful Tool to Understand Norm Diffusion
Checkel’s Different Types of Socialisation: Pushing for the Internalisation of the Concepts of Gender Equality and Decent ...
The Importance of Localising International Women’s Rights Norms
A Feminism-Based Approach to Multiculturalism and Norm Contestation: Breaking the Illusion of Gender Neutrality
The Japanese Approach to the SDGs’ Implementation
Japan’s Positive Initiatives
Japan’s Lack of Successful Implementation
Using the Spiral Model to Understand Japan’s Commitment and Compliance to Gender Equality and Decent Work
Conclusion
References
10 Tackling Forced Labour in Thailand
Introduction: Joint Recognition of Improved Fisheries Standards in Thailand
Case Study Work On SDG Norm Diffusion in Third Countries
Overview of the Argument
Thailand’s Asymmetric Interdependence Vulnerability: the Basis for EU Conditionality
Successful EU Conditionality in Action in Both the Fisheries and Forced Labour Sectors
Benchmarking Successful Norm Diffusion
Examples of Successful Diffusion of the SDG ‘Decent Work’ Goal On the Ground
Amendment of the Thai AHTA
Improvement in the Labour Conditions of Workers in the Thai Fisheries Sector
Conclusion
Notes
References
11 Diffusion of Labour Rights: Georgia 2003–2019
Introduction
Repression and Denial: 2003–2012
From Denial to Tactical Concessions: 2013–2019
Beyond Tactical Concessions? The Emergence of Bottom-Up Mobilisation
Conclusion
Notes
References
12 Mainstreaming Animal Welfare: The Role of EU Trade Policy
Introduction
Animal Welfare—a Missing Dimension of the UN Sustainable Development Agenda?
The Struggle to Define Animal Welfare—from Five Freedoms to Five Domains
The Struggle to Include Animal Welfare On the Global Agenda
Mainstreaming Animal Welfare in the Implementation of the UN SDGs
Animal Welfare and the SDGs—the Case of SDG 8
Animal Welfare and Full and Productive Employment and Decent Work (8.5)
Animal Welfare and Quality of Work (8.8)
Animal Welfare and Sustainable Tourism (8.9)
Norm Diffusion Around Animal Welfare Through EU Trade Policy
From the EU’s Agenda On the SDGs to EU Trade Policy
Mainstreaming the Link Between Animal Welfare and the SDGs in the Implementation of FTAs
Between Adoption and Contestation—norm Diffusion Around Animal Welfare in Trade Policy
Conclusions
Notes
References
Section 5 Conclusion
13 Norm Diffusion, Norm Contestation and the SDGs
References
Index
