The Political History of Modern Japan: Foreign Relations and Domestic Politics

Cover......Page 1
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Key individuals......Page 11
List of figures......Page 12
List of tables......Page 13
Notes on Japanese names and dates......Page 14
Preface to the English edition......Page 15
Preface......Page 17
About the author......Page 21
About the translators......Page 22
Sixteenth-century Japan and the West......Page 24
Western pluralism......Page 26
The centralism of the Tokugawa political system......Page 27
The issue of legitimacy......Page 28
The peace dividend......Page 30
The samurai ethos......Page 31
Japanese perception of the outside world......Page 34
Expectations placed on the shogunal leadership......Page 36
The issue of imperial sanction for the treaty and the shogunal succession......Page 40
Outbreak of the “Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarian” movement......Page 41
The search for and collapse of a shogunate–domain alliance framework......Page 43
The conditions necessary for a “low-cost” revolution......Page 45
Concentrating power......Page 47
Establishing the foundations of power: military affairs......Page 49
Establishing the foundations of power: finances......Page 50
Creating a national foundation: introducing Western civilization......Page 51
Mobilizing human energy......Page 53
The international order and modernity......Page 57
Seikanron......Page 59
Appeasement and its limits......Page 60
The Satsuma Rebellion......Page 64
Development of the people’s freedom and rights movement......Page 65
The 1881 Political Crisis......Page 66
The peak and decline of the people’s rights movement......Page 67
The road to constitutional enactment......Page 69
A Prussian-style constitution......Page 71
Ancillary systems for the constitution......Page 73
Characteristics of the Meiji Constitution......Page 74
The treaty revision issue......Page 76
The Daidō Danketsu movement......Page 78
Transcendentalism......Page 80
Aspects of the early Diet sessions......Page 82
The transformation of “relief for the people”......Page 83
Postwar expansion......Page 85
The Ōkuma-Itagaki Cabinet......Page 88
The Yamagata Cabinet......Page 90
The establishment of the Seiyūkai......Page 92
The Sino-Japanese confrontation over Korea......Page 93
Achieving revision of the unequal treaties......Page 96
The First Sino-Japanese War......Page 97
The partition of China......Page 98
The Open Door Note......Page 99
The Anglo-Japanese Alliance......Page 100
The Russo-Japanese War......Page 102
The annexation of Korea......Page 104
The Manchurian issue and international relations......Page 106
The development of dollar diplomacy and Russo-Japanese rapprochement......Page 109
The Xinhai Revolution......Page 111
The Twenty-One Demands and the anti-Yuan policy......Page 112
The Terauchi Cabinet and its China policy......Page 113
The Siberian Intervention and the Nishihara Loans......Page 114
From Itō to Saionji......Page 116
The Keien era and the hanbatsu......Page 118
The Keien era and the parties......Page 120
The Taishō Political Crisis......Page 123
Hanbatsu and parties during the First World War......Page 125
The failure of the triangular parties theory......Page 126
Formation of the Hara Cabinet......Page 129
After Hara’s death......Page 131
Creation of the Washington system......Page 132
The collapse of the Washington system......Page 136
The era of party cabinets......Page 137
Disarmament and the modernization of the military......Page 140
The rise of the Shōwa military factions......Page 142
The Manchurian Incident and Japanese withdrawal from the League of Nations......Page 145
International relations after the departure from the League of Nations......Page 147
The Saitō and Okada Cabinets......Page 149
Factional conflict within the army......Page 151
Formation of the Hirota Cabinet......Page 154
From Ugaki to Konoe......Page 156
The Second Sino-Japanese War and general mobilization......Page 157
A new order in East Asia......Page 158
The outbreak of the Second World War......Page 160
The road to the Pacific War......Page 161
The collapse of the empire......Page 164
Defeat......Page 166
Occupation......Page 169
Demilitarization and democratization......Page 170
Politics under the occupation......Page 173
A shift in occupation policy......Page 176
Toward peace treaty......Page 177
The creation of the 1955 system......Page 179
The Kishi Cabinet and the revision of the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty......Page 181
The Ikeda and Satō Cabinets......Page 184
The development of factions......Page 186
The LDP and bureaucracy in policy decisions......Page 188
Changes in international relations......Page 190
The Tanaka Cabinet and foreign relations......Page 192
Parity in the number of conservatives and reformists......Page 193
The consolidation of identity as a member of the West......Page 194
A new international responsibility......Page 196
Before 1945......Page 199
Taiwan......Page 200
Korea......Page 202
Manchuria......Page 204
Postwar Taiwan......Page 206
Postwar Korea......Page 207
Postwar Japan and its former colonies......Page 209
Bibliography......Page 211
Chronology......Page 230
Index......Page 282