Author(s): J Cullingworth
Language: English
Pages: 451
Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Dedication......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
Tables......Page 13
Preface......Page 14
Acronyms......Page 17
Introduction......Page 19
Part I Zoning......Page 26
Introduction......Page 27
Planning and Zoning......Page 29
The Local Managers of Zoning......Page 32
The Constitutional Framework......Page 34
The Role of the Courts......Page 36
Conclusion......Page 40
Introduction......Page 41
Early Land Use Controls......Page 42
Immigration and Urbanization......Page 45
The Movement for Planning......Page 46
The New York Zoning Ordinance of 1916......Page 48
The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act......Page 51
Euclid......Page 52
Conclusion......Page 54
Introduction......Page 56
The Traditional Techniques of Zoning......Page 58
The Single-Family Zone: What is a Family?......Page 59
The Single-Family House: Should there be a Minimum Size?......Page 62
Large Lot Zoning: Maintaining Community Character......Page 64
Apartments and Mobile Homes8......Page 67
Conclusion......Page 70
Introduction......Page 71
Special Exceptions or Conditional Uses......Page 72
Variances......Page 73
Spot Zoning......Page 77
Downzoning......Page 79
Conditional or Contract Zoning and Site Plan Review......Page 80
Cluster Zoning and Planned Unit Development......Page 81
Floating Zones......Page 84
Nonconforming Uses......Page 85
Zoning Amendments......Page 86
Special District Zoning......Page 88
Conclusion......Page 91
Part II Planning control, charges, and agreements......Page 93
Introduction......Page 94
The Pervasiveness of Exclusionary Zoning......Page 95
Mount Laurel I......Page 98
Mount Laurel II......Page 100
The New Jersey Fair Housing Act......Page 103
Mount Laurel III......Page 104
Arlington Heights and the Fair Housing Act......Page 105
Inclusionary Zoning......Page 106
California in the Lead......Page 108
Conclusion......Page 109
Paying for the Costs of Development......Page 111
Impact Fees......Page 112
The Nollan Case......Page 114
The Incidence of Charges......Page 115
Existing v New Homeowners......Page 116
Linkages......Page 118
Development Agreements......Page 121
Incentive Zoning......Page 125
The Negotiation Syndrome......Page 127
The Dangers of Bonusing......Page 128
Purposes for Bonusing......Page 130
Day-Care Facilities......Page 132
The Future of Linkage Provisions......Page 134
Part III The quality of development......Page 135
Introduction......Page 136
Billboards......Page 137
Rural Signs......Page 140
Urban Signs......Page 143
Architectural Design Review......Page 144
Introduction......Page 149
The Early Days of Heritage Preservation......Page 150
With Heritage So Rich and Subsequent Legislation......Page 152
The National Register of Historic Places......Page 153
Statewide Comprehensive Historic Preservation Planning......Page 154
Highways and Historic Preservation......Page 155
The National Environmental Policy Act......Page 156
Finance for Historic Preservation......Page 157
State and Local Programs......Page 158
The Roanoke Vision......Page 160
Historic Preservation and Tourism......Page 161
The Widening Scope of Historic Preservation......Page 163
Part IV Urban growth and urban policy......Page 166
Introduction......Page 167
Ramapo and Petaluma......Page 169
Growth Management and Infrastructure......Page 172
Safeguarding Agricultural Land......Page 173
Conclusion......Page 177
Introduction......Page 179
Regulating Paradise: State Planning in Hawaii2......Page 180
The Hawaii State Plan......Page 182
Almost Getting it Together in Vermont5......Page 184
The Vermont Development Permit Scheme......Page 185
The 1988 Growth Management Legislation......Page 187
Florida: Growth Facilitator to Growth Manager9......Page 189
The Omnibus Growth Management Act of 1985......Page 191
“Keys to Florida’s Future”......Page 192
The California Coast......Page 194
The California Coastal Plan......Page 195
The California Coastal Conservancy......Page 196
Comprehensive Statewide Planning......Page 198
The Administrative Structure......Page 201
Toward a Comprehensive Plan......Page 203
The Preliminary State Development and Redevelopment Plan......Page 204
“Cross Acceptance”......Page 205
Conclusion......Page 206
Introduction......Page 209
Implicit National Urban Policies......Page 210
Urban Renewal......Page 211
The War on Poverty......Page 214
Regional Planning......Page 217
The New Federalism......Page 219
Community Development Block Grants......Page 221
Carter’s “New Partnership”......Page 222
National Agenda for the Eighties: Urban America......Page 224
The Reagan Years......Page 226
Enterprise Zones......Page 227
National Land Use Policy......Page 229
Conclusion......Page 232
Part V American Planning in Comparative Perspective......Page 234
Introduction......Page 235
Some Major Points of Comparison......Page 236
The Constitutions......Page 244
Ideas and Images......Page 250
Introduction......Page 255
British Local Government......Page 257
Canadian Local Government14......Page 263
From Convention to Corruption......Page 268
Introduction......Page 272
The British Planning System......Page 273
Nationalized Development Rights......Page 276
The Canadian Planning System......Page 279
Discretionary Planning Controls in Canada......Page 282
The Role of Discretion......Page 286
Underlying Attitudes to Land and Property......Page 288
Part VI Conclusion......Page 291
Introduction......Page 292
Reforms That Will Not Work: Marketable Zoning......Page 293
Houston: The Fallacy of a City Without Zoning......Page 296
Withdrawing Zoning From Local Government?......Page 300
Certainty v Flexibility: Further Foreign Evidence......Page 303
Toward a Reform......Page 307
Policies Reserved to the States......Page 311
Making Plans Happen......Page 312
Profits From Land......Page 315
Conclusion......Page 316
Appendix 1 Resuscitation of the common law?......Page 320
Amendment XIV......Page 325
Notes......Page 326
Bibliography......Page 362
List of main cases......Page 433
Index......Page 437
