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The Physical Geography of Georgia

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This book is the first to give a comprehensive and detailed overview of the complete physical geography of Georgia in English. It discusses natural and environmental conditions, hydrology, geomorphology, landscapes, and resources and elaborates issues of environmental protection, natural hazards, resource potentials, tourism and many other topics of this multifaceted country.

This volume will appeal to researchers, educators and students in the fields of natural and environmental sciences, geography, geology, regional studies and related areas.

Author(s): Nana Bolashvili, Vazha Neidze
Series: Geography of the Physical Environment
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022

Language: English
Pages: 228
City: Cham

Preface
Contents
1 Location, Territory, Boundaries
Abstract
1.1 Territory
1.2 Borders
1.3 Location
References
2 Geology
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Stratigraphy and Rock Types of the Different Tectonic Units of Georgia
2.3 Tectonic Structure
2.4 Geodynamic Evolution and Paleotectonic Reconstructions
References
3 Hydrogeology and Mineral Waters
Abstract
References
4 Mineral Resources
Abstract
References
5 Relief
Abstract
5.1 Medium and High Mountain Relief Zone of the Caucasus Range
5.2 Intermountain Plain Zone
5.3 Highland Zone of Southern Georgia
5.4 Morphogenetic Types of Relief and Their Distribution Areas
5.4.1 Tectonic and Petrogenetic Relief
5.4.2 Volcanic Relief
5.4.3 Erosive Relief
5.4.4 Accumulative Relief
5.4.5 Gravitational Relief
5.4.6 Nival-Glacial Relief
5.4.7 Karst Relief
5.4.8 Anthropogenic Relief
References
6 Karst of Georgia
Abstract
References
7 Natural Disasters (Mudflow, Landslide, Etc.)
Abstract
7.1 Landslide-Gravitational Hazards
7.2 Debris/Mudflows
7.3 Earthquake
7.4 Flood-Flashflood
References
8 Climate
Abstract
8.1 Climate-Creating Factors and Climatic Elements of Georgia Solar Radiation
8.2 Hazardous Meteorological Phenomena
8.3 Climate Types
8.4 Climate Change
References
9 Black Sea
Abstract
References
10 Inland Waters
Abstract
10.1 Characterization of Some of the River Basins
10.1.1 Enguri River
10.1.2 Rioni River
10.1.3 Alazani River
10.1.4 Tergi River
10.1.5 Lakes
10.2 Characterization of Some of the Lake Basins
10.3 Reservoirs
References
11 Glaciers
Abstract
References
12 Soils
Abstract
References
13 Flora
Abstract
13.1 Vegetation of Western Georgia
13.2 Vegetation of Eastern and Southern Parts of Georgia
13.3 Botanical-Geographical Zoning of Georgia
References
14 Fauna
Abstract
References
15 Landscapes
Abstract
15.1 Georgia on the World Background
15.2 Principal Landscapes of Georgia
15.3 Landscape Diversity in Georgia
15.4 Virgin Landscapes
15.5 Phytoresources of the Landscapes
15.6 Anthropogenic Transformation of Landscapes
References
16 Tourism and Recreation
Abstract
References
17 Protected Areas and Remarkable Features of Inorganic Nature
Abstract
17.1 Karst Caves
17.2 Canyons and Gorges
17.3 Rock Columns and Towers
17.4 Mud Volcanoes
17.5 Travertines
17.6 Displaced Boulders
17.7 Fossil Flora and Fauna
17.8 Flora
17.9 Fauna
17.10 Hydrographic Monuments
17.11 Lakes
17.12 Vaucluses
17.13 Waterfalls
17.14 Nature Sightseeings
References
18 Environment Protection
Abstract
References