Contents
About the Editor
Section Editors
Contributors
Part I: What Is the History of Human Sciences
1 What Is the History of the Human Sciences?
Introduction: The Question of Human Identity
Philosophy and the History of the Human Sciences
History and the History of the Human Sciences
Conclusion: ``History of the Present´´
References
2 Kant After Kant: Towards a History of the Human Sciences from a Cosmopolitan Standpoint
Introduction: Using Kant as a Lens to See into the Future of Humanity
Kant´s Anthropology: The Ascent of the Ape in Human Self-Understanding
Remnants of the Divine Soul in the Naturalized Mind: Of Nerves and Aether
Between Mind and Matter: Life as Extended Self-Correction
Wrestling with the Rousseauian Legacy: The Eugenic Versus the Statistical State
Kant Between the Stoics and the Epicureans: The Rise of the Cosmopolitan Standpoint
Cosmopolitanism´s Anti-sentimental Expansion of the Circle of Moral Concern
Conclusion: Testing Cosmopolitanism on Machines: Extending the Human Beyond the Animal
References
3 History of the Human Sciences in France: From Science de l´homme to Sciences Humaines et sociales
Introduction
The Historical Roots
The Political Crucible of ``la Science de l´homme´´
Dismembering ``Science de l´homme´´ in Nineteenth-Century France
``Science de l´homme,´´ ``Sciences Humaines,´´ and ``Sciences Sociales´´ in the Twentieth Century
Reflexivity
Conclusion
References
4 Narrative and the Human Sciences
Introduction
Science, Narrative, and Historiography
Texts, Things, and Inclusiveness
Narrative, Knowledge, and Self
Narratology
Narrative in Practice
Conclusion
References
5 Diltheyan Understanding and Contextual Orientation in the Human Sciences
Introduction
Understanding in the Human Sciences
Theoretical Cognition and Reflective Knowledge
Dilthey´s Approach to History
Hermeneutical Objectivity
Three Kinds of Objectifications
Kant and the Importance of Reflective Judgment for Interpretation
Rethinking Historical Reason as Historical Judgment
Dilthey´s Theory of Worldviews
Dilthey´s Formative Social Ethics
Conclusion
References
6 Durkheimian Revolution in Understanding Morality: Socially Created, Scientifically Grasped
Introduction
Toward a Sociology of Morality
Durkheim´s Social and Intellectual Background
Moral Philosophy in France
A Sociological Theory of Morality
``The´´ Moral Does Not Exist
An Inquiry into the Soul of Society
Taking a Stand: Normative Boundaries
When a Moral Ideal Is Not Really ``Normal´´
Secular Morality and Moral Individualism
Conclusion
References
7 Problematizing Societal Practice: Histories of the Present and Their Genealogies
Introduction
Genealogy as Critique
History and Critique
Problematizing as Critique
Defining the Present
Genealogy and the History of Scientific Ideas
Praxis and Power
Practicing Critique Through ``A Historical Ontology of Ourselves´´
Conclusion
References
8 Human Sciences and Theories of Religion
Introduction
Origin and Function
Truth
Theories from Religious Studies
Social Scientific Theories
Contemporary Social Scientific Theories
The Religionist Argument
Anthropologists of Religion
Tylor and Frazer
Lévy-Bruhl
Douglas, Geertz, and Turner
Lévi-Strauss
Conclusion
References
9 Historical Studies in Nineteenth-Century Germany: The Case of Hartwig Floto
Introduction
Social and Educational Background
Ranke´s Historical Exercises
The Priority of Teaching
Teachers of the Nation
Professionalization
Confessional and Political Fault Lines
Virtues and Vices
A Broken Career
Source Editing Projects
Conclusion
References
Part II: Visualizations
10 Anatomy: Representations of the Body in Two and Three Dimensions
Introduction
A Brief History of Anatomical Representations in Europe
Early Historiography
The Politics of Representation, Identity, and Boundary Work
Gender
Race
Humans and Animals
Normality and Productivity
Artists and Anatomists: Iconography and Practices of Making
Epistemology and Education
Reception and Use
The Politics of Class and Professional Identity
Art and Anatomy
Conclusion
References
11 History of Embryology: Visualizations Through Series and Animation
Introduction
Seeing and Dating
Development in Images
Epigenetic Iconography
The Rhythm of Becoming
Series of Sections
Living Organisms and Dead Material
Time and Experiment
Optical Slicing
Embryos, in Silico
Algorithmic Animation
Conclusion
References
12 Visualizations in the Sciences of Human Origins and Evolution
Introduction
Drawings, Photographs, and Graphs
Trees and Maps
Life-Scene and Full-Body Reconstructions
Expositions and Museums
Cartoons and Films
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
Part III: Self and Personhood
13 Made-Up People: Conceptualizing Histories of the Self and the Human Sciences
Introduction
Theatres of the Self
Technologies of the Self
Performing the Self
Looping Effects
Practices of the Self
Neurohistory
Problems and Questions
References
14 Inner Lives and the Human Sciences from the Eighteenth Century to the Present
Introduction
The Roots of Modern Moral Culture
Interiority and Confession
Interiority as a Process of Reason
Sensibility and Human Interiority
Childhood as Interiority
Interiority and Reflexivity in Late Modernity
The Modern Mind, the Autobiographical, and the Inner
Conclusion
References
15 Michel Foucault and the Practices of ``Spirituality´´: Self-Transformation in the History of the Human Sciences
Introduction
Histories of the Malleable Self
Spirituality among the Human Sciences
Labor and Revolution
Pathology and Health
Psychoanalytic Spirituality
Violence and Decolonization
Conclusion
References
16 Human Sciences and Technologies of the Self Since the Nineteenth Century
Introduction: Technologies of the Self
Physiognomy and Phrenology
IQ Tests
Projective Tests
Ultrasound Scans
Brain Scans
Genetic Ancestry Testing and Its Reception
Conclusion
References
17 The Sex of the Self and Its Ambiguities, 1899-1964
Introduction
Subject/Object
From Gay and Lesbian to Trans History
Subject Versus Object
An ``Objective´´ Questionnaire
Looping from Transvestite to Transsexual
Beyond Self-Narration
Body/Psyche
Doubtful Sex, Doubtful Gender
Hirschfeld and the Body
Body and Self in Cases of Intersex
Intermediacy-Binaryness
Testing Typical Femininity and Masculinity
The Gender Fluidity Paradox
Psychometrics
Unidimensionality
Conclusion
References
Part IV: Anthropology
18 Economic Anthropology in View of the Global Financial Crisis
Introduction
Crisis, Stability, and Economic Neoliberalism
Theoretical Imperatives: The Influence of Social and Moral Philosophy
``Noble Savage´´ and ``Economic Man´´ in European Social Thought
The History and Key Approaches of Economic Anthropology
Individualist Versus Systemic Approaches
Formalist and Substantivist Debates
The Cultural Turn in Economic Anthropology
Virtualism and Neoliberal Economic Transformation in Iceland
The 2008 Crisis: A Postmortem of Neoliberal Economic Policy
Making Sense After Crisis: Ethnography, Reflexivity, and World History
Concluding Remarks
Cross-References
References
19 Anthropology, the Environment, and Environmental Crisis
Introduction
Human Adaptation
Natural Resource Extraction
Toxicity
Temporalities and Nonhuman Agency
The Damaged Planet and Persistent Colonial Orders
Conclusion
References
20 On the Commonness of Skin: An Anthropology of Being in a More Than Human World
Introduction
Before (?) Multispecies Ethnography
Multispecies Ethnography, Multiple Politics
Conviviality
Being with (Some) Animals: The Taking of Animals Literally
Cuticulae
Laboratory
Conclusion
References
21 Indigeneity: An Historical Reflection on a Very European Idea
Introduction
Indigeneity and the Baptism of Pagan Customs
The ``Noble Savage´´
Nation-States and Minority Nationalism
The League of Nations, The United Nations and The Rights of Minorities
Conclusion
References
Books and Plays
Articles
Declarations (listed chronologically)
Websites
Part V: Historical Sociology
22 The Past and the Future of Historical Sociology: An Introduction
Introduction
Telling a Story of Historical Sociology
A Brief History of Historical Sociology
The Golden Age: The Beginnings of Historical Sociology
The (not so) Dark Ages: Insulation and Marginalization
The Renewal: Revival and Revision
State of the Discipline and Its Future Outlooks
The Themes of Historical Sociology
Conclusion
References
23 Power and Politics: State Formation in Historical Sociology
Introduction
The State in European Social Thought: A History of Riddles and Perspectives
The Formation of Early States and Civilizations
Developmental Paths Toward the Early Modern European State
The Industrial Nation-State and Beyond
Conclusion
References
24 Organized Violence and Historical Sociology
Introduction
War
Clandestine Political Violence
Revolutions
Genocides
Conclusion
References
25 Historical Sociology of Law
Introduction
Focus: Official Law
A Glimpse at the Prehistory of Sociohistorical Studies of Law
The Deceptive Historicity of Early Sociology of Law
Law and the Social Change: Theoretical Trends from the Twentieth Century
Michel Foucault´s Approach to Socio-Legal Change: The Epistemic Dimension of Law
Pierre Bourdieu´s Sociology of the Juridical Field
Niklas Luhmann´s System Theory of Law
Future Perspectives in Historical Sociology of Law
Conclusion
References
26 Sport and Leisure: A Historical Sociological Study
Introduction
Mapping the Field
Pre-1990s: Harmonious Inequality
1995-2005: Diminishing Contrasts and Increasing Varieties
The Twenty-First Century: The ``Habits of Good Sociology´´
Conclusion
References
27 Norbert Elias and Psychoanalysis: The Historical Sociology of Emotions
Introduction
Sociology of Emotions
History of Emotions
Historical Sociology
Norbert Elias
Defining ``Emotion´´
Elias and Historical-Sociological Psychology
The Civilizing Process
Foundations in Freud
Beyond Freud
Emotions and Social Relations
From Libido to ``Valencies´´
``Homo Clausus´´ Versus Figurations and Group Analysis
The Superego and Its History
Conclusion
References
28 Identity, Identification, Habitus: A Process Sociology Approach
Introduction
From Identity to Identification
Grandeur and Misery of a Concept
Beyond Constructivism
The Eliasian Approach
Involvement and Detachment Facing Dangerous Emotions
Habitus and ``the Filo Pastry of Identity´´ (Mennell 1994)
Interdependence and the Changing Balance of Power Between Established and Outsiders
From Nationalism to Cosmopolitanism? Enlarging Identification and Changes in the ``We-I´´ Balance
The Case of European Identity
What European Identity?
European Identification as a Process
Conclusion
References
29 Hidden Gender Orders: Socio-historical Dynamics of Power and Inequality Between the Sexes
Introduction
The Sociogenetic and Psychogenetic Approach Toward Social History
Central Terms
The Dawning of Social-Historical Gender Research and the Power Balances Between the Sexes
Power Relations Between the Sexes in Marriage and Working Life
Marriage
Work and Professional Life
Conclusion: Changing Gender and Relationship Ideals?
References
30 Collective Memory and Historical Sociology
Introduction
Situating Historical Sociology and Memory Studies: A Brief Overview
Collective Memory: Foundations
Maurice Halbwachs and His Legacy: ``Social Frameworks of Memory´´ and ``Collective Memory´´
Stefan Czarnowski´s Theory of Heroes and the Social Functions of the Past
From Collective Memory to Collective Forgetting
The Second Wave of Memory Studies: Nations, Power Struggles, Media
Collective Memory and Nation States
Collective Memory and Power
Collective Memory, Media and the Longue Durée
The Third Wave: Transnationalization and Memory Activism
Transnational Turn
Activist Turn
Conclusion
References
Part VI: History of Sociology
31 Historiography and National Histories of Sociology: Methods and Methodologies
Introduction
Disciplines, Specialities, and Fields
The Specialities and Disciplines Bordering National Histories of Sociology
History and Historical Sociology
Histories of Ideas and the Sociology of Ideas
Intellectual Histories, Institutional Histories, and Sociology
Sociology of Knowledge
The History of Sociology and National Histories of Sociology
Histories of Sociology
National Histories of Sociology
Tensions Between Historical and Sociological Methodologies
Engagement with Sociology, and the Sociology of Institutions
Engagement with Sociology of Knowledge
Conclusion
References
32 The History of Sociology as Disciplinary Self-Reflexivity
Introduction
Part One: From the History of Science, to the History of Social Science, to the History of Sociology
The History of the History of Sociology
Part Two: Why Should One Write the History of Sociology?
Overcoming the Repression of Disciplinary Memory
The History of Social Science as a Guide to Scientific Flourishing (and Decay)
Understanding Social Science as a Determinant of Social Phenomena
The History of Sociology as Sociological Reflexivity
Conclusion
References
33 Locating the History of Sociology: Inequality, Exclusion, and Diversity
Introduction: A Local Attempt to Locate the History of Sociology
The History of Sociology Is Embedded in a Broader History of European Modernity
The History of Sociology Is Embedded in Geopolitical Power Structures
The Discipline of Sociology Is Internally Divided into Centers and Peripheries
Mechanisms of Marginalization Have Been Historically Established Within the Discipline
Academic Libraries Provide Unequal Access to Literature from Different Places
Teaching Socializes New Generations of Sociologists into the Existing Biases Within the Discipline
The Center-Periphery Divide Has Epistemic Effects
Challenging the Established History of Sociology and the Status Quo: Counterhegemonic Potentials
Conclusion
References
34 Colonialism and Its Knowledges
Introduction
Part I: The Indigenous Approach
Part II: The Postcolonial and the Decolonial
Postcolonialism
Coloniality/Decoloniality
Conclusion
References
35 Knowledge Boundaries and the History of Sociology
Introduction
Five Knowledge Boundary Concepts
Boundary-Work
Boundary Object
Boundary Organization
Trading Zone
Co-production
Conflict Versus Collaboration
Four History of Sociology Episodes
Establishing Boundary Objects in Early Pre-academic Sociology
Demarcating the Disciplinary Boundaries of Classical Sociology
Reformulating the Science-Policy Contract During the Interwar Period
Re-establishing Modern Postwar Sociology Historiographically
Conclusion: The History of Sociology as the History of Its Knowledge Boundaries
References
36 Social Theory and the History of Sociology
Introduction
Thought and Schools
Science and Tradition
History and Present
Rethinking the Canon
Decentering the West
Conclusion
References
37 José Carlos Maritegui and the Origins of the Latin American Sociology
Introduction
The Circulation of Maritegui´s Ideas in the Midst Between the Komintern and the Artistic Avant-Garde
A Founding Father for the Latin American Sociology and His Readings Within the Dependency Analysis School
Maritegui´s Contribution to the Development and Critique of Indigenism
Conclusions
References
Part VII: History of Psychology
38 Psychologies: Their Diverse Histories
Introduction: The Diversity of Psychologies
The Diverse Roots of Psychologies
The Critical, ``Reflexive´´ Implications of Diversity
Conclusion
References
39 Social Psychology: Exemplary Interdiscipline or Subdiscipline
Introduction: The Disciplinary Status of Social Psychology
Social Psychology, Its Objects, and Its Parent Disciplines
Social Psychology´s Dual Disciplinary Heritage
A Dialectical Tension Between the Social Psychologies and Their Parent Disciplines
The Quest for an Interdisciplinary Social Psychology
The Post-Second World War Development of European Social Psychology
Conclusion: Whether the Disciplines of Social Psychology?
References
40 Of Power and Problems: Gender in Psychology´s Past
Introduction: Of Power and Problems: Gender in Psychology´s Past
Problems: The Research
Womanless Psychology: Gender in Early Academic Psychology
Woman as Problem: Gender in Clinical Contexts
Historiographic Approaches to Psychology´s Women
Power: The Material Conditions of Science
Laboratories and Other Necessary Resources
Reproductive Labor
Intellectual Community and Gendered Spaces
Conclusion
References
41 Indigenous Psychologies: Resources for Future Histories
Introduction: Complicating the Histories of Indigenous Psychologies
Ancient to Modern: The Ground of the Psychological
Modernity/Coloniality and Psychological Knowledge
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
Further Reading
Published Resources of Contemporary Accounts of Indigenous Psychology(ies)
Indigenous Psychologies by Book Volumes (authored and edited; some already noted in text)
Indigenous Psychologies in Journal Articles
Indigenous Psychologies in Journal Articles (Asia)
42 Children as Psychological Objects: A History of Psychological Research of Child Development in Hungary
Introduction: The History of Psychology and Psychology in History
The Birth of Child Psychology in Hungary
Introduction of Pedology and Psychometry into Child Psychology
Observing Children
Child Psychology Between the World Wars
The Budapest School of Psychoanalysis
Child Psychology After World War II
Restart After the Revolution of 1956
Children and Psychology After the Regime Change
Conclusion
References
43 A History of Self-Esteem: From a Just Honoring to a Social Vaccine
Introduction
The Emergence of Self-Esteem
Early Uses of Self-Esteem
Self-Esteem, Agreeableness, and Social Order
Mental Philosophers and Self-Esteem
A Formulaic Approach to Self-Esteem
Inferiority, Damage, and Discrimination
Therapy and Self-Realization
Tests of Self-Esteem: Quantity and Measurement
Conclusion
References
44 Vygotsky, Luria, and Cross-Cultural Research in the Soviet Union
Introduction
The Announcement of a New Study
Pedological Research and Mental Testing
Cross-Cultural Research Within the Soviet Union
Climate Change
Conclusions
References
45 Values and Persons: The Persistent Problem of Values in Science and Psychology
Introduction: The Complex Landscape of Science-Values Relations
Aim and Overview
The Broader Context of Questions Concerning Values and Science
Definitions and Distinctions
Values Underlying the Valuing of Value-Free Science
Epistemic Authority
Predictive Power
Problem-Solving
Progress
Understanding
Truth and Beauty
Mystery and Imagination
Values Underlying Denial of ``Value-Free Science´´
What Kinds or Categories of Value Are Intrinsic to Science?
Where (or How) Values Impact Science
Values and Psychological Science
Methods as Value Systems
Problems for Interdisciplinary and Intradisciplinary Collaboration
Towards Compromise and Negotiation
Conclusion
References
46 Politics and Ideology in the History of Psychology: Stratification Theory in Germany
Introduction: The Ambivalent Relationship Between Psychology and History
Showdown in Montreal: The Beginning of the Demise of Stratification Theory
``The Great Chain of Being´´: Ancient Roots of Personality Psychology
A Forgotten Universe of Layers in Philosophy, the Sciences, and Psychology
The Uncovering of the Layers of Personality: German Psychology on the Rise
Stratification Theory and the Search for Holism in the Weimar Republic
Stratification Theory in Wartime
After the Fall: Continuity and Breaks at the Dawn of the Cold War
Conclusion
References
Part VIII: History of Psychiatry
47 The Mental Patient in History
Introduction
More Than a ``Pathological Attitude to Life´´
``What Kind of Object or Life Is This?´´
Psychopathology, Art, and Politics
``Africa in Their Natures´´: Black and Insane as Double Jeopardy
Mental Suffering, Psychosis, and Witnessing
Precarity, Precariousness, and Mental Patient Lives
Social Dangers and the Human Sciences
The Human Sciences and Coercive Rehabilitation
Institutionalized Lives
Extramural Lives
Conclusion
References
48 Asylums and Alienists: The Institutional Foundations of Psychiatry, 1760-1914
Introduction
The Rise of the Lunatic Asylum
Lunacy Reform
Professionalization
Models of Madness
In Search of Biological Causes
Conclusions: The Legacy of Asylum Psychiatry
References
49 Forensic Psychiatry: Human Science in the Borderlands Between Crime and Madness
Introduction
Medical Jurisprudence and Penal Reform
Alienism
Degeneration Theory and Lombrosian Criminology
Psychiatric Expertise in Foro
The Psychiatrization of Danger: Prophylactic Assessments
Feeble-Minded Children and Incorrigible Youth
Psychopaths
Clinical Assessment Tools
Preventive Detention in National Contexts
Judicial Gatekeeping
Conclusion: Toward Therapies of Self-Governance and Patients´ Rights
Cross-References
References
50 Psychiatry and Society
Introduction
Part I: Mental Asylum as a Small Society
Psychiatry in the Age of the Asylum
``The Plea for the Silent´´: Patients in Mental Asylums
Authority and Power in the Asylum
Social Class and Therapy
The Legacy of Asylums
Part II: Marginality: Race and Politics
Mental Health in Segregated Societies: The Case of Racial and Colonial Psychiatry
Mental Health in a Segregated Society: The Case of the USA
Protest Psychosis and Cultural Paranoia
Alienation, Race, and Mental Illness
Conclusion
References
51 Early Child Psychiatry in Britain
Introduction
Doing the History of Child Psychiatry
Institutional Records and Patient Case Files
Legislation and Public Policy
Practitioners´ Accounts: Histories and Testimony
Personal Papers and Correspondence
Print and Media
The Voice of the Child
Tangled Roots: The Study of the Child and Child Insanity at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
Child Psychiatry, Child Guidance, and Child Psychoanalysis Before the NHS
Conclusion: Enduring Eclecticism; Contemporary Concerns
References
52 Human Experimentation and Clinical Trials in Psychiatry
Introduction
Biology and Psychiatry
A Psychopharmacological Turn
Evidence-Based Medicine and Randomization: All Controlled Trials Are Not Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs)
Clinical Trials in Psychiatry
Psychiatry, Experience, and Expertise
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
53 Colonial and Transcultural Psychiatries: What We Learn From History
Introduction
Transcultural Psychiatry and Its Histories
The Universality of Mental Illness
What Is ``Culture-Bound´´ and What Is Not?
Patients, Healers, and Healthcare/Traditional Healers
Psychiatry and the ``Colonial Mind´´
Conclusion
Bibliography
54 Geriatric Psychiatry and Its Development in History
Introduction
Ancient Entanglements of Mental Infirmity and Aging
The Dementia Conundrum in European Psychiatry Through the Early Twentieth Century
The Geriatric Imperative
Psychiatry, Dementia, and the Social Transformation of Aging
The Biomedical Deconstruction of Senility and the Establishment of Geriatric Psychiatry
Conclusion
References
55 Antipsychiatry: The Mid-Twentieth Century Era (1960-1980)
Introduction
R. D. Laing (1927-1989) and His Colleagues
David Cooper (1931-1986)
Laing´s Other Colleagues
Thomas Szasz (1920-2012)
The Myth of Mental Illness
The Manufacture of Madness
Commentaries
Erving Goffman (1922-1982)
Commentaries
Postscript to Asylums
Michel Foucault (1926-1984)
Franco Basaglia (1924-1980)
Concluding Remarks
Judgments
References
Part IX: History of Economics
56 History of Thought of Economics as a Guide for the Future
Introduction: The Economy and Society Viewed Academically
Divergencies and Pluralism in Economics
The Decoupling of Economics and History
Problems and Failures in Economics
Conclusion
References
57 Classical Political Economy
Introduction
Method and Content of Classical and of Marginalist Economic Theory
Homo mercans, Homo laborans, and Homo inventivus
Three Grand Orders of Men: Landlords, Workers, and Capitalists
Information Asymmetries and the Banking Trade
Money and Currency
The Classical Surplus Approach to the Theory of Value and Distribution
Necessaries Versus Luxuries
``Natural´´ Versus ``Market Price´´
Quantities of ``labor embodied´´
The ``fundamental law of distribution´´
Scarce Natural Resources
Technical and Organizational Change
The ``law of population´´
Foreign Trade
The Role of Government and the State, Taxation, and Public Debt
Conclusion
References
58 Neoclassical Economics: Origins, Evolution, and Critique
Introduction
What Is Neoclassical Economics?
Predecessors
Antoine Augustin Cournot (1801-1877)
Heinrich Hermann Gossen (1810-1858)
The Founding Fathers
William Stanley Jevons (1835-1882)
Léon Walras (1834-1910)
Carl Menger (1840-1921)
The Development of Neoclassical Economics: From Heterodoxy to Mainstream Microeconomics
Partial Equilibrium Analysis
Welfare Economics
Properties of a General Economic Equilibrium
Alternative Market Structures
Macroeconomics: Economic Crisis as a Challenge for Neoclassical Economics
The Great Depression
The Answer: John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946)
Keynesianism and Monetarism: Macroeconomics after World War II
Conclusion
References
59 The Austrian School and the Theory of Markets
Introduction
The Birth of the Austrian School and the Methodenstreit
The Debate on Economic Planning and the Character of Knowledge
Competition in Austrian Economics
The Great Divergence
Institutions Reexamined
Entrepreneurship
Austrian Methodology
Conclusions
References
60 Joseph Schumpeter and the Origins of His Thought
Introduction
The General Economic Framework
On Technological Change and Business Cycles
On Individualism
On the Future of Capitalism
On Credit and Banking
Conclusions
References
61 Learning from Intellectual History: Reflection on Sen´s Capabilities Approach and Human Development
Introduction
Learning from the Intellectual History of Economic Thought
Ethical Blind Spot in Neoliberal Economics
Sen and the Revival of Ethical Traditions in Economic Thought
An Overview of Sen´s Capabilities Approach (CA)
Capability Approach and Development Economics
Capability Approach and Human Development
Sen´s Capability Approach and Feminist Concerns About Gender Inequalities
Concluding Remarks
References
Part X: History of Ethnography and Ethnology
62 History of Ethnography and Ethnology: Section Introduction
References
63 Before Fieldwork: Textual and Visual Stereotypes of Indigenous Peoples and the Emergence of World Ethnography in Hungary in...
Introduction: Archives as a ``Field´´ for a Historian of Anthropology
Euro-American Eyes, Indigenous Eyes, and Hungarian Eyes: Questions of Research Methodology
Global Ethnography in Hungary: An Entangled History
Three Examples of the Representation of Indigenous Peoples: Demonization, Hierarchization/Barbarization, and Exoticization
Local Contexts: Jesuits, Lutherans, and Calvinists as Agents of World Ethnography
Notions of Geography: Notions of Hierarchy - Examples of Siberia and the Arctic Region
Conclusion or the Afterlife of Stereotypes: Orientalism or Cultural Colonialism?
References
64 Scientists and Specimens: Early Anthropology Networks in and Between Nations and the Natural and Human Sciences
Introduction
Who Were Early Anthropologists?
Gathering Places: Early Special Interest Societies
Ethnographic Museums and Society Membership: A Transnational Case Study
Ethnographic Departments and Museums
National Societies, International Memberships
National Interests and the International Congress of Americanists
Personal Correspondence and Institutional Object Exchange
Conclusion
References
65 Center and Periphery: Anthropological Theory and National Identity in Portuguese Ethnography
Introduction
Portuguese Anthropology Between 1870 and 1970: An Overview
Theoretical Influences in Portuguese Anthropology
Anthropological Theory and National Identity
Conclusion
References
66 Making and Unmaking of Ethnos Theory in Twentieth-Century Russia
Introduction
Key Characters
Fedor Volkov and the Politics of Ukrainian Identity
The Concept of Ethnos and the Teaching of Anthropology
The Development of Volkov´s Methodology by Sergei Rudenko
Marxism and the End of Biosocial Theory in the Soviet Union
Shirokogoroff As Ethnographer and Theorist
A New Rapprochement of Natural and Human Sciences in the USSR
The Revival of Ethnos and the Questioning of Stalin´s Theory of Nation
Refining Ethnos Theory at the Academy in the 1970s - Early 1990s
Nationalities Study in the USSR: Nation Versus Ethnos/``Scientific Communists´´ Versus Ethnographers
Perestroika and the Decline of Ethnos in Russian Academia
Conclusion
References
67 Assessing Ethnographic Representations of Micronesia Under the Japanese Administration
Introduction
Japanese Anthropology/Ethnology and Micronesia
Development of Anthropology and Ethnology in Modern Japan
Development of Japanese Ethnography in Micronesia
Naval Administration Era
Nan´yo-cho Era
Ethnographers Commissioned by Nan´yo-cho
Ethnographic Imaginations in the Journal Nan´yo Gunto
Legacy of Japanese Ethnography in Micronesia
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
Archives/Database
68 Boasian Cultural Anthropologists, Interdisciplinary Initiatives, and the Making of Personality and Culture during the Inter...
Part I: Introduction
Part II: Personality and Culture and the Boasians
Franz Boas: The Founding Figure
Ruth Benedict: The Cultural Patterning of Personality
Margaret Mead: Culture, Temperament, and Personality
Edward Sapir: The Individual As Carrier, Interpreter, and Elaborator of Culture
Part III: Conclusion
References
Part XI: Gender and Health in the Social Sciences
69 Gender and Health in the Social Sciences: Section Introduction
References
70 Our Bodies, Ourselves: 50 Years of Education and Activism
Introduction: Our Bodies, Ourselves: A Founder´s Perspective (Wendy Sanford)
Remaking the Book, Widening Our Lens
OBOS Translations and Adaptations
Beyond the Book
Coda
Our Bodies Ourselves: A Scholar´s Perspective (Amy Agigian)
How Our Bodies, Ourselves Changed the USA and the World
Conclusion: We Need Our Bodies Ourselves Today
Endnotes
References
71 Reclaiming Indigenous Health Research and Knowledges As Self-Determination in Canada
Introduction
The Canadian Context
Indigenous Health Disparities and Social Determinants of Health
History of Indigenous Research in Canada
Closing the Gap with Indigenous Research: Building Community Capacity
Reclaiming Indigenous Research and Knowledges as Self-Determination
Conclusion
References
72 The Limits of Public Health Approaches and Discourses of Masculinities in Violence Against Women Prevention
Introduction
Interrogating the Ecological Model of Violence Prevention
Epidemiology and Risk Factors
Gender as a Social Determinant or Risk Factor
Science and the Evidence Base
Using Traditional Masculinity in Public Health to Engage Men
Problematizing ``Toxic´´ Masculinity in Public Health
Promoting ``Healthy´´ Masculinity in Public Health
Moving Beyond Masculinity in Public Health
Conclusion
References
73 The Madness of Women: Myth and Experience
Introduction
The Madness of Woman: A Problem Peculiar to Her Sex?
Raging Hormones and Reproductive Debilitation
Resisting Biological Determinism: Rejecting Raging Biomedical Explanations for Women´s Madness
Gender-Based Diagnosis of Depression: Pathologizing Femininity
Treatment or Torture? Controlling Deviant or Difficult Women
Conclusion
References
74 Feminine Hunger: A Brief History of Women´s Food Restriction Practices in the West
Introduction
Food Restriction as a Harmful Gender Norm
The WHM and the Physical and Psychological Harms of Food Restriction
Anorexia Mirabilis: Hunger as a Sign of Women´s Piety
``The Weapon of Self-Hurt´´: Hunger as a Political Mouthpiece
Anorexia Nervosa: Hunger as a Psychological Condition
From Weight-Loss Dieting to ``Wellness´´: Hunger as a Responsible Lifestyle Choice
Visibilizing Women´s Intentional Hunger: A Feminist Research Agenda for the WHM
Recognize Women´s Intentional Hunger as a Gendered Phenomenon Requiring Gender-Transformative Health Promotion
Shift One´s Focus from a Weight-Centric to Weight-Neutral Paradigm
Reframe Individualized Narratives of Self-Care into Acts of Feminist Resistance
Get Organized Through Feminist Consciousness-Raising
Conclusion
References
75 Systems of Prostitution and Pornography: Harm, Health, and Gendered Inequalities
Introduction
Harms of Prostitution
Violence
Psychological Harms
The Interconnectedness of Pornography and Prostitution
Pornography as Connected to Other Forms of Prostitution
Pornography as a Form of Prostitution
Experiences of Abuse in Pornography Production
Pornography and Harms of Distribution
Understanding Systems of Prostitution
Conclusion
References
Index
