Preface
References
Contents
About the Editor-in-Chief
Contributors
Part I: Foreword
1 Educational Leadership in Uncertain Times: A Foreword
Part II: Introduction: About the Foucauldian Lens
2 The Archaeology of Educational Leadership as an Enunciative Field
Introduction
Foucault´s ``Methods´´
Archaeology
Discourse
Educational Leadership as Discourse
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
Part III: The Landscape of Leadership
3 A History of Leadership Thought
Introduction
Complicity with the Label of the Day
Leading as Organizing
Implications for Leadership Thought
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
4 Leadership, Leaders, and Leading
Introduction
Content
Myths as Metaphors and Metaphors as Myths
Disruptions
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
5 The Rise of the Global Education Industry: A Discursive Account
Introduction
Seeing the Patterns
Governance
Human Capital
The Enterprise Form
Untangling the Lines
The Apparatus of Marketization: Buying and Selling School Education
The Apparatus of Economization: Privileging the Economic Purposes of Education
The Apparatus of Commercialization: Schools as Markets
Conclusion and Reflections
References
6 Governing the International University
Introduction
Problematizing International Education in Japan
Fukushima: A Loss of Faith
Situating the Internationalization of Australia´s Universities
A Crisis of Global Proportions: Universities and COVID 19
Critique as a Leadership
Conclusion and Reflections
References
7 Devolution, Disruption, and Denigration
Introduction
The Evolution of Education Markets in the United States
Origins of the Education Market
The Beginnings of the Education Marketplace in America
The Making of an American Education System
The Progressive Era
Post-War Period
Contemporary Thinking on the Education Markets
Educational Leadership in the Contemporary Marketplace
Accountability Regimes: Performance-Based Funding
Accountability Regimes: Rankings
Intermediaries, New Philanthropy, and Neoliberal Reforms in Education
Conclusions and Reflections
References
8 Demystifying Rural School Leadership
Introduction
Demystifying Rural School Leadership
Rural Foundations and the Urban Challenge
A Brief History of the Rural Status
Rural Schools as a Problem
School Leadership as Increasingly Challenging and Complex
What We Know to Do: School Leadership Standards Emerge
The ``Know to Do´´ Versus ``How to Apply´´ Gap of Rural School Leadership
The Big Picture Impact of the Institutional and National Cultural Context
Community, School Improvement, and Personal Contexts as Accelerators
Community Context
School Improvement and Personal Contexts
Leveraging School Culture in the Rural Setting
Conclusions and Reflections
Demystifying Rural Leadership is Grounded in Context and Culture
References
9 `The Next Big Thing´: A Delineation of `Fads´ and `Fashions´
Introduction
Knowledge Production in the Field of Educational Leaders, Leading, and Leadership
Innovation in the Field of Educational Leaders, Leading, and Leadership
Laboring innovations
Working on Innovations
Actively Innovating
Activist Natality
Conclusion and Reflections
References
10 Troubling Intersectionality for Visible Leadership
Introduction
Foucault´s Archaeology of Knowledge
An Analysis of Intersectionality Using Foucault´s Archaeology of Knowledge
1900s: Social Activism as the Foundation of Intersectionality
Twentieth Century: The Legal Perspective of Intersectionality
Twenty-First Century: Many Disciplines/Many Definitions
Rewriting the Narrative: A Corrective Project
Critical Movements
(Mis)Appropriation
Identity Politics
Travelling Theory
Studying Leadership Using Intersectionality: A Critical Approach
Leadership Discourse
A Discourse of White Male Knowing and Gender-Neutral Paradigms That Exclude
Intersectionality as a Feminist Critique
Conclusions and Reflections
References
Part IV: Theorizing Leadership
11 Postmodernism: Structured Doubt Within Leadership Certainties
Introduction
Educational Administration: A Continuing Quest for Identity, Legitimacy and Hegemony
Postmodernism´s Most Powerful Analytical Tool: Deconstruction
The Promise of Postmodernism to Restructure Existing Leadership Field Architectonics
Conclusions and Reflections
References
12 Transformative Leadership Theory: Critical, Comprehensive, and Activist
Introduction
The Roots of Transformative Leadership
Transformational Versus Transformative Leadership
Early Conceptions of Transformative Leadership
Paulo Freire
Jack Mezirow
William Foster
Transformative Leadership Theory
Two Principles of Transformative Leadership
Eight Interrelated Tenets
TLT: A Comprehensive Theory
Widespread Influence of TLT
Conclusion and Reflections
References
13 An Etymology of Feminist Theory in Educational Administration
Introduction
Conceptualizations of Feminism
Feminist Methodologies and/or Pedagogies
``Big Ideas´´ of Feminism
Topical Focus and Contexts of Research
Resistance to Feminism
Conclusions and Reflections
References
14 Constructivist Leadership
Introduction
The Roots of Constructivist Thinking
The Trunk: The Major Forms of Constructivist Thinking
Psychological Constructivism: Moderate and Radical
Social Constructivism: Moderate and Radical
Radical Social Constructivism - A Major Threat to the Assumed Objectivity of Science and Mathematics
The Branches and Leaves of Constructivism
Leadership and Constructivism
Chester Barnard
Lambert et al.: Relationships
Trust: Bryk and Schneider
The Tri-Partite Theory of Organizational Change and Succession: Wilson, Byar, Shapiro, and Schell
The Leader as a Change Agent/Facilitator
Developing Reforms and Systems to Generate Change in the Organization
Summary, Conclusions, and Implications
References
15 Variegated Perspectives Within Distributed Leadership: A Mix(Up) of Ontologies and Positions in Construct Development
Introduction
Leadership and Distributed Thinking
The Origins and Emergence of Distributed Leadership
Etymological Origins of ``Distributed´´ and ``Leadership´´
Contemporary Origins of Distributed Leadership
Origins Outside of ELMA
The Pre-millennium Emergence of Distributed Leadership in ELMA
Foundational Keystones and a Diverging View
The Variegated Perspectives of Distributed Leadership Across ELMA
Possible Paths of Future Knowledge Development
Practice Theory and Process Ontology
Returning to Where It Started: Group Research
Making Connections with Other Post-Heroic Variants
Conclusions and Reflections
References
16 Mindful Leadership: A Way of Being Under Construction
Introduction
The Origins of Mindful Leadership
Mindful Leadership in Business
Mindful Leadership: Library Science
Mindful Leadership: Medicine
Mindful Leadership: Education
Conclusion and Reflections
References
Further Reading
17 Leader Centric Versus Leader Relational
Introduction
The Evolutionary Social Power Theory of Michael Mann
The Stages of Social/Political Development
What Mann´s Model Demonstrates
Some Contemporary Issues
Conclusions and Reflections
References
18 Marx, Weber, and the Twin Leadership Dilemmas
Introduction
Marx on Alienation
Weber on Bureaucratization
Alienation and Bureaucracy in Concomitance
Predicates for a Theory of Democracy
Conclusions and Reflections
References
19 Grassroots Leadership Models
Introduction
What It Means to be a Grassroots Leader
How Grassroots Leaders are Distinguished From Leaders in Roles of Authority
How Assumptions Regarding Grassroots Leadership have Evolved
The Importance of a Cause to Create a Movement
Elements of Grassroots Leadership that can be Transferred to Educational Leadership
Conclusions and Recommendations
References
20 The Role of Prototypicality in Educational Leadership
Introduction
The Role of Prototypicality in Leadership
Leader Prototypes and Leader Effectiveness in Educational Organizations
Schools with Multiple Leadership Prototypes
Schools with a Dominant Leadership Prototype
Leader Prototypes and Leadership Preparation
Conclusion and Reflections
References
21 A Genealogical Analysis of Charisma in Leadership
Introduction
The Problem with Charisma
The Roots of Charisma
The Trunk: The Major Conceptualizations of Charisma in Leadership
Weberian Charisma
Charisma, Psychologized
Charisma in Early Educational Leading
Charisma as Integral to, Yet Concealed Within Transformational Leadership
The Branches and Leaves of Charismatic Leadership
De-charismatization: We Don´t Need Another Hero
De-charismatization: The Bureaucratization of Schools
Re-charismatization: In Politics
Re-charismatization: In Education Practice
Re-charismatization: In Education Research
Re-charismatization: Beyond Education
Conclusion and Reflections
References
22 Parallel Leadership: A Leadership Approach for Organizational Alignment
Introduction
Exploring the Concept: Initial Explanation
Research on Leadership for Sustainable Improvement
Parallel Leadership: Current Status
System-School Alignment
The Effective School Leader in Action.
The Maturing of Parallel Leadership
Conclusion and Reflections
References
Part V: Interrogating the Logic of Leadership Practice
23 Zombie Notions of Leadership
Introduction
Status Quo-Oriented Zombies
Personality-Driven Zombies
Perspective-Challenged Zombies
Implications
Conclusions and Reflections
References
24 The Social Construction of Leadership Power
Introduction
Governmentality
Power
Truth Regimes
Intelligibility
Australia As a Case for Inquiry
The Background
Trajectory of Changing Narratives
Western Australia ``bucking´´ the Trend
The Death Rates
Different Mentalities of Governing
Conclusion and Reflections
References
25 Leadership As Artistic Practice and Connoisseurship
Introduction
Portraits of Leaders and Leadership in the Ancient World
Portraits of Leaders and Leadership in Renaissance Times
The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: The Decline of Leadership, the Heyday of Scientific Management, and the Rise of School...
The Rise and Rise of Scientific Management
Turnings in the Development of the Field
Aesthetics As a Framework to Restore the Individual in a Reconsideration of Leadership
Conclusion and Reflections
References
26 When Best Practices Are Neither Best nor Discerned
Introduction
Chapter Content: Best Practice and Common Personhood
Dewey´s Argument Against the Quest for Perfect Certainty
Beliefs Formed Through the Apprenticeship of Observation
Beliefs Formation and the Fidelity of Implementation
A Semiotic View of Best Practice, Fixation of Belief, and Genuine Doubt
Navigating Complex Educational Systems
It´s a Systems Thing, Not a Single Thing
Conclusion and Reflection: Practice-Based Evidence Within a Culture of Discernment
References
27 The Worldwide Specter of Neoliberalism and the ``Neoliberalization´´ of Educational Leaders
Introduction
Rationality, technologies, and the ``Specter´´ of Neoliberalism
Neoliberal Governmentality and an Illusory Freedom
Unsettling Possibilities: The Process of Neoliberalization
Struggle Tactics: Stepping into the Undefined Work of Freedom
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
28 Refocusing Educational Practice Through an Ethic of Care
Introduction: An Overview
Some Reasons for a Lack of Ethical Discourse in Schools
Why Teaching Is an Ethical Social Practice Based on Care
Understanding the Concept of Care Within an Ethic of Care
Issues of Justice
Moral Development Within an Ethic of Care
The School as an Ethical Learning Community
An Action Research Framework Based on the Key Dimensions of Case
Personal and Interpersonal Competencies
Being Responsive
Taking Responsible Action
Being Critically Reflective
Conclusions and Reflections
References
29 The Dilemmas of Leadership in the Iron Cage
Introduction
Institutional Environments of Schools
Types of Environmental Pressures
Leadership Dilemmas in the Iron Cage
Dilemma 1: Producing Uniform Student Outcomes Despite Highly Variable Student Differences and Needs
Dilemma 2: Competing Rather Than Collaborating with Peers
Dilemma 3: Leading Without Constructing Leadership Appropriate for School Contexts
Dilemma 4: Pressures of Principalship Allowing Little Space and Time for Leadership
Conclusions and Reflections
References
30 Fantasy Leadership and the Reality of Practice
Introduction
Social Constructionism and the Value of a Dialectic
The Brain, the Mind, and the Body in Real Leadership Practice
The Neurobiology of the Brain-Mind-Body Leadership Connection
Leadership, Resiliency, and Stoicism
Resiliency and Grit
Stoicism
Noise and Toxicity: A Look at the Neurobiology of Stoic Leadership
Fantasy Leadership, Real Leadership Skills, and the Stoic Mind
Conclusions and Reflections
Appendix A
Hallmarks of Fantasy and Real Leadership
References
31 The Changing Nature of School Supervision
Introduction
Supervision
Scientific Period - 1900s to End of World War II, 1945
Humanistic Period - 1950s to the 1980s
Accountability Period - 1990s to Present Day
Conclusions and Reflections
Cross-References
References
32 Exploring the Dynamism in the Leader/Follower Dyad
Exploring the Dynamism in the Leader/Follower Dyad
Examining the Leadership/Followership Dynamic and Models of Followership
Military Models
Business Models
Educational Models
Ethics and Followership Behavior
Conclusions and Reflections
References
33 African American Women Superintendents
Foucault´s Frame
Introduction
Historical Context
Present-Day Context
Out with the Old (Memory)
Servant Leadership and Spirituality (Presence)
Social Change and Activism (Concomitance)
Transformational and Transformative Leadership
Transformational, Transformative Change Agent for Equitable Education
Conclusions and Reflections
References
34 Re-thinking Education Business Leadership and Its Purposes
Introduction
The Rise of the School Business Leader
Leadership and Positioning
Impact
Looming Issues
Professionalization
Succession and Renewal
School Governance
Business Backlash
Conclusion and Reflections
References
35 Performance Appraisal and Performance-Based Pay in Universities
Introduction
Origins of Performance Appraisal
Definitions and Theoretical Insights Informing Performance Appraisal
Influence of Human Relations Theory
Sociological Insights: Power as a Central Concept
Insights from Cognitive Science and Neuroleadership
Performance Appraisal in Australian Universities
Accountability Versus Development
Performance Pay in Universities
What Can Be Done About Performance Appraisal? Academic Managers Hold the Key
Micropolitical Strategies and Suggestions
Limitations of Performance-Based Pay
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
36 Dilemmas of Educational Financing in an Age of Privatization
Introduction
Foundations of Choice and Privatization
Impact of Privatization on Traditional Public School Finance
Lack of Regard for State Constitutions and Blaine Amendments
Laws which Contain Little or no Accountability in Fund Usage
Promise of Savings but Escalating Costs Instead
Removal of Visible Dependence on Property Taxes
Volatile Revenue Stream
Split Revenue Stream and Cuts to Traditional Public Education
Virtual School Programs which Are Nearly Completely Unregulated
Acceptance of Federal and State Funds While Actively Discriminating
Privatization Within Traditional School Districts
Conclusions and Reflections
References
37 Emotions and Leading Schools in Troubled Times
Introduction
COVID-19 Pandemic
Systemic Racism
Voter Suppression
Police Brutality
Homelessness
Studying Emotions
Emotions and School Leaders
The Emergence of Emotional Intelligence (EI)
The Next Development in Emotional Intelligence
Self-Awareness
Self-Management
Social Awareness
Relationship Management
The Influence of Stress
The Power of Emotional Leaders
The Development of a Conceptual Model
Conclusion and Reflections
References
38 Deconstructing Strategic Planning
Introduction
The Early Years
Facts
Strategic Planning
Critical Perspectives
Run Up to No Child Left Behind
Facts
Professional Learning Communities
Perceived Benefits of Strategic Planning
Perceived Benefits of Professional Learning Communities
Critical Perspectives
Following No Child Left Behind
Facts
Criticisms for Implementing Strategic Planning
Criticisms for Implementing Professional Learning Communities
Critical Perspectives
Retain, Revise, or Retire?
Facts
Critical Perspectives
Too Soon to Retire
Retain as Is
Rationale for Revision
Conclusion and Reflections
References
Part VI: Leadership, Teaching, and Learning
39 LGBTQ+ Leaders in Thought and Practice: Portraits of Courage and Change
Introduction
Portraits of Change and Possibility: Honoring Queeroes of Praxis and Scholarship
Conclusion and Reflections
References
40 Towards Ubiquitous Learning in a Transnational Educational System
Introduction
Current Bureaucratic Education Cannot Deliver the Results We Need
A Global Twenty-First Century Educational System Adaptation
A Transnational Learning System
The Individual Marketplace in a Transnational Educational System
The Development of an Independent Learner
A Transnational Learning Archetype
Ubiquitous Learning in a Transnational Educational System
Adaptation and Innovation: Slow Adoption
A Transnational Marketplace or Government-Structured Educational System
Conclusions and Reflections
References
41 Integrative STEM Education and Leadership for Student Success
Introduction
Reverse Engineering Integrative STEM Education
Tracing Philosophical Contexts
Shifting to Learning by Doing
Exploring the Ambiguity of STEM Education
Shifting Leaders to Integrative STEM Education
Embedding Integrative STEM Education in Schools
Conclusions and Reflections
References
42 A Foucauldian Analysis of Teacher Standards
Introduction
Dominant Discourses About Quality, Teachers, and Standards
Teacher Quality
Teacher Standards
The Neoliberal Ecology of Teacher Standards
Teacher Standards and Technical Rationality
Problematizing Teacher Standards
A Foucauldian Analysis of Teacher Standards
Normalization
Power Through Discourse
Pastoral Power
The Relationship of Power to Ethics
Care of the Self
Concerning Desire and Power
Seduction
Teacher Professionalism Driven by an Audacious Reflexivity
Conclusions and Reflections
References
43 The Evolution of Response-to-Intervention
Explanations
Introduction
Philosophical Roots of Response to Intervention and Disability
Initial Emergence of RTI and Shifts
From Emerging Innovation to Established Practice: Continuities and Disruptions in Discourse and Practice
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
44 The Principal and the Student: Uncovering the Power and Potential of Meaningful Interpersonal Connections
National Perspectives
Introduction
The Historical Place of the Principal-Student Relationship
Establishing a Profession and a Growing Divide
Baby Steps: Toward a More Student-Centered Principal
School Discipline: A Brief Overview
Historical Summary
The Principal-Student Relationship in Contemporary Contexts
Defining the Principal-Student Relationship
Scholarship and Standards: Supporting and Promoting the PSR
Positive and Caring School Leadership
Professional Standards and the PSR
Conclusions and Reflections
Cross-References
References
45 Theorizing for Equity: Critical Approaches to Curricular Decision-Making
Introduction: A History of Curricular Decision-Making in the United States
Persistent and Problematic Tenets of Curricular Decision-Making
Critical Assumptions and Contentious Crossroads
Interdisciplinary Futurities of Curricular Decision-Making
Conclusions and Reflections
Practical Implications for Curriculum (Re)Development
Resources for Consideration
References
46 A Deep Dive into Sustainability Leadership Through Education for Sustainability
Introduction
Sustainability Discourses
Weak and Strong Sustainability
The Anthropocene
Education for Sustainability
Education About the Environment
Education in the Environment
Education for the Environment
EfS and Systems Thinking
A Persistent Problem: Learning for Individual Behavioral Change Versus Learning for Social Change
EfS: Where to from Here? Emerging Discourses to Amplify
Human/Nature Discourses
Rights and Justice Discourses
Children and Young People
First Nations Peoples
Non-Western Cultural Traditions
Learning for Leadership
Conclusions and Reflections
References
47 Examining the Limits of What Schools Can Do to Reduce Peer Cyberbullying
Introduction
History of the Word Cyberbullying
Controversy in Defining the Behavior of Cyberbullying
Prevalence
Consequences
Theoretical Perspectives
School Leadership Practices at Present
School Policies
Legal Solutions
Programs
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
Part VII: Leadership, Policy, and Politics
48 The Teacher as Union Member and Professional Educator: The Continuing Challenge of Bread and Butter and Professionalism
Introduction
What Is a Professional?
Unions and the Rise of the NEA and the AFT
The Rise of the NEA and the AFT: Association or Union?
Public Sector Industrial Unionism: The Organizing Principle
Us and Them
Policy Restrictions
The Union Member and the Professional: Research on Teacher Perceptions
The Profession and the Union
The Work of the Union
Teaching and the Contract
Short Answer
Prompt #1: Unions Support Professionalism in the Following Ways
Protection
Advocacy
Support
Prompt #2, Unions Harm Professionalism in the Following Ways
Blind Protection
Work of the Union
Divisiveness
The Union Label
Conclusions and Reflections
References
49 Choice and the End of the Dream of the Common School
Introduction
Education Before the Common School Era
The History of the Common School
Historical Challenges to the Common School
Irish Catholics and the Common School
Black and African Americans
School Choice and Contemporary Challenges to the Common School
Magnet Schools, Charter Schools, and the School Choice Movement
Toward the Future and the Continuation of the Dream of the Common School
Conclusions and Reflections
References
50 The Corporatization of Educational Management
The Foucauldian ``Enunciative Field´´
Introduction
A Description of School Districts and School Leaders
University Preparation Programs
University Course of Study in Educational Management
Challenges to the Hegemony of University Preparation Programs
Running a School Like a Business in the Push to Advance Globalization
Edison Schools
American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC)
Neoliberalism and the Reduction of the Role of Government
The World Bank and Globalization
Peter Drucker and Educational Management
Conclusions and Reflections
References
51 The So-Called Death of Common Core: Discourses on a Backlash
Introduction
Competing and Entangled Policy Agendas: Equity and Excellence
Federalism: The Tug of War Over Constitutional Authority
Sociopolitical Beliefs: Individualism versus the Common Good
Conclusions and Reflections
References
52 Public School Charters: An Incendiary Topic of Political Discourse
Introduction
Framing the Charter Debate
Description of Salient Terms
Authorizer
Charter
Charter School
School Choice
Traditional Public School
History and Growth of Charter Schools
Charter School Option, Record, and Discord
``Charter and Choice´´ in Theory Versus Practice
Virginia´s Charter School Approval and Context
Charter School Advocacy and Opposition
Charter Advocacy
Charter Opposition
Conclusion and Reflections
References
53 The Global Challenge of Educational Reform
Introduction
The Origins and Outlines of Educational Reform
The Global Challenge of Educational Reform
Sense-Making
Scale
Structure
Conclusions and Reflections
References
54 The Intervention of Paradox in the Constitutive Politics of School Leadership
Introduction
Critical Deployment of a Paradox Interpretive Lens
Epistemological Paradox
Finding Other Ways of Thinking and Talking: The Paradox of Team Belonging
Meaning and Distinction
Resisting Closure: Paradox, Dilemma, and Antinomy
Dealing with Antinomy: The Paradox of Stability and Transformation
The Dialectic
Revealing Multiple and Competing Viewpoints: Leader/Follower Paradoxes
Post-Structural Threads and Rhetorical Resources
Paradox and Discourse
Detecting a More Ambiguous Authority: The Paradox of Politicized Subjectivity
The Primacy of Contradiction
Seeing Contradiction and Complexity: The Paradox of Choice and Equity
Responding to the Doxa
Complicating a Cemented-In Orthodoxy: The Paradox of Policy Implementation
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
55 The Micropolitics of Workplace Mobbing
Introduction
An Overview of Mobbing
Toward a Micropolitical Theory of Mobbing
Borrowing from Stephen J. Ball: Insights into Micropolitics, Managerialism, and Markets
The Micropolitics of Workplace Mobbing: An Exploration
Generating and Harnessing Precarity: Using Mobbing as Technology of Social Control
Fostering and Leveraging Unfairness: Mobbing, Microaggression, and Deniability
Precarity and Microaggressions: Mobbing, Minoritization, and Marginalization
Threats to Fairness: Elaborating the Moral Technology
Conclusions and Reflections
Mobbing in Reforming Educational Settings: More than Coincidence
Mobbing, Minoritizaiton, and Marginalization: Radical Possibilities inferred from Mouffe
The Political Utility of Mobbing
References
56 Neoliberalism, Education Policy, and Leadership Observations
Introduction
Globalization
Free Market Economics
The Role of the State
Neoliberalism
Origins
Neoliberalism in Education
Who Is Leading Education?
Misguided Education Policy
The Disappearance of Equity
A Changed Social Psyche
Conclusions and Reflections
References
57 Foucault´s Governmentality and Educational Leadership Discourses
Introduction
Foucault, Governmentality, and the Analytics of Government
Governmentality and Educational Leadership Discourses: Distributed Leadership as a Regime of Government, an Assembling Process...
Exploring the Mechanisms of Neoliberal Governance in Educational Leadership
Distributed Leadership as a Technique and Rationality of Government
The ``Problematics of Government´´ in Distributed Leadership Discourse
Challenges to the Implementation of Distributed Leadership: A Focus on the Multifarious Practices of Government
Conclusion and Reflections
References
58 Transgressions of Church and State
Introduction
Ye Old Deluder Satan
A Historical Wall of Separation
Legal Discussions on Matters of Church and State
The Marriage of Religion and Politics
Implications for Educational Leadership
Future Conflict Involving Religion and Public School
Conclusions and Reflections
Cross-References
References
59 An Archaeology of Postcolonial Discursive Strategies: Studies in Governmentalities of Education
Introduction
The Effects of Colonizations
An Overview of Postcolonial Critiques
Mind and Identity Formation
Knowledge Traditions/Curricular Content
Social Interaction and Roles
Organizational and Social Institution Levels
Decolonization
Conclusion and Reflections
References
60 Centrism and the Policy Praxis of Modern Whitehall Mandarins
Introduction
Research and the Model
Illustrative Vignettes
Pragma-Centrism
Retro-Centrism
Ideo-Centrism
Meta-Centrism
Exo-Centrism
Conclusions and Reflections
References
61 Confronting Forms of Sexual Violence in Schools: De-Constructing Policy Paradoxes
Introduction
Teen Dating Violence
Social Norms and TDV
Teen Bullying, Harassment, and TDV
Policies, Practices, and Resources
Title IX
State- and Local-Level Mechanisms to Address TDV
Best Practice in TDV Prevention: Recommendations for Leadership
Conclusions and Reflections
Cross-References
References
Part VIII: Leadership and Social Justice
62 The Politics of Distance Education: A Tangled Web of Values
Introduction: Politics as Values and Value Conflicts
The Field of Memory: The Monolith of Distance Education
The Field of Presence: Values, Value Conflicts, and Institutional Logics of Distance Education
Distance Education and Access to Education as an Institutional Logic or Political Value
Distance Education and Educational Quality as an Institutional Logic or Political Value
Distance Education and Educational Costs as an Institutional Logic or Political Value
The Field of Concomitance: The Institutional Illogics of Distance Education
Neoliberalism, Academic Capitalism, and Distance Education
Technological Solutionism and Distance Education
Credentialism and Distance Education
Conclusion and Reflections
Coda: Remote Learning and the Covid-19 Pandemic
Cross-References
References
63 Social Justice Leadership: Disrupting Power, Oppression, and Uplifting Marginalized Communities
Introduction
Social Justice in Education
Critical Theory, Power, Discrimination, and Oppression
Conceptualizing Educational Leadership for Social Justice
Privilege and Positionality in Educational Leadership for Social Justice
Intersectionality and Social Justice
Social Justice Leadership and Complimenting Fields
Anti-racist Theories in Education
Critical Race Theory
Feminist Theories
Queer Theory
Conclusion and Reflections
References
64 Communities, Change, and Social Justice
Introduction
Foundations of Engagement and Service-Learning
Definitions and Terminology
Civic Engagement and Education
Pedagogical Approaches
High Impact Practices
Participation Rates
Research-Based Outcomes
Liberal Education Versus Neoliberalism
Contemporary Challenges
Conclusion and Future Actions
Cross-References
References
65 Racial Inequality in K-12 Schools and Implications for Educational Leadership
Introduction
Foucault´s Methodology
The Field of Memory
The Field of Presence
The Field of Concomitance
Conclusion and Reflections
References
66 LGBTQ+ Communities and US K-12 Schools
Introduction
Windows v. Mirrors
Teaching LGBTQ+ History
Conclusions and Reflections
References
67 Asian Americans in Education
Introduction
Who Counts as ``Asian American´´?
Limits of Categorization
Asian Americans in Education
Heterogeneity Beyond Categories
Case Study: Categorical Shifts in Washington State
Conclusions and Reflections
References
Further Reading
68 The Intersectionality of Race, Gender, and Education on Black Girls in K-12 Schools
Introduction
The Construct of Childhood/the Destruction of the School Experience
Understanding the Disconnect for Black Girls
Race and Gender Identity Struggle
Adultification
Unseen Racial Traumas
Exclusionary Discipline Practices
Recommended Alternatives to Harsh Discipline
Conclusions and Reflections
References
69 Braiding Indigenous and Racialized Knowledges into an Educational Leadership for Justice
Introduction
Weaponizing Education to Serve Colonial Ambitions
The Colonial Antecedents of Educational Leadership
A Knowledge Base that Reifies Neocolonialism
Disrupting Discursive Eurocentric White Knowledges
Recognizing the Centrality of Race in Educational Leadership
A Critical Race Theory Analysis of Educational Leadership
Eurocentric Whiteness and Educational Leadership
Eurocentrism
Whiteness
Amplifying the Effects of Eurocentrism and Whiteness
Decolonizing Educational Leadership
Creating Space
Braiding Indigenous and Racialized Knowledges with Anti-Oppressive Western Knowledges
Indigenous Epistemologies
Racialized Epistemologies
Anti-Oppressive Westernized Epistemologies
Toward Braiding
Braiding Knowledges
Conclusion and Reflections
References
70 Black Bodies and the Role of Schools in Sex Trafficking Prevention
Introduction
Colonial Body Politics: A History of the Fetishization and Hypersexualization of Black Women
Racial Disparities Among Sex Trafficking Survivors: The Vulnerability of Black Female Youth
Sex Trafficking Prevention Efforts and Barriers Within the US Educational System
Conclusions and Reflections: Combatting Racial Discrimination as Trafficking Prevention
Cross-References
References
Part IX: Leadership and Culture
71 Justice, Public Scholarship, and Improvement Inquiry in the Practice of Educational Leadership
Introduction
Framing Justice
Public Scholarship When the Knowing Is Not Enough (Non Satis Scire)
Improvement Inquiry
The Normative Shift: From Reform to Improvement
A Reform Paradigm
Performance Management
Evidence-Based Practice
School-Based Learning Communities
An Improvement Paradigm: Six Principles
The Six Principles
Design-Based Implementation Research
Reframing Practice as Argumentation
The Elements of an Argument
Conclusions and Reflections
References
72 The Cultural Constructions of Leadership
Cultural Constructions of Leadership
Introduction
Cultural Constructions of Leadership - Construction 1: José Vasconcelos, Race, and Nation-Making
Cultural Constructions of Leadership - Construction 2: Clara Isela Gómez Rosales
Construction 3: The Organisation of Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD)
Construct 4: México´s Democratic Teachers: La CNTE
Conceptualizing the Cultural Construction of Leadership as Contested Space and a Site of Struggle
Conclusions and Reflections
References
73 African American Administrators´ Leadership Practices As Forms of Resistance
Introduction
An Explanation of Resistance
Pre-Brown in the US South
Segregation Pre- [Continued into] Post-Brown
Resistance to Brown
Leadership Styles
Urbanicity
Gender
Race, Gender, and Urbanicity
Conclusions and Reflections
References
74 The Emergence of Culturally Responsive Leadership
Introduction
Emergence of Discourse that Promotes Culturally Responsive Leadership
Culturally Relevant Pedagogy
Culturally Responsive Teaching
Culturally Responsive Leadership
Critical Self-Awareness
Culturally Responsive Curricula and Teacher Preparation
Culturally Responsive and Inclusive School Environments
Engaging Students and Parents in Community Contexts
Explaining Culture
Conclusions and Reflections
References
75 Authentic and Inauthentic Constructions of Islamic Educational Administration and Leadership
Introduction
The Problems
The Islamic Intellectual and Valuational Foundation
Modern Islamic Educational Administration and Leadership
Conclusion and Reflections
References
76 Educational Issues of Indigenous Peoples: Past, Present, and Future Snapshots
Introduction
Snapshot of the Past
United States: Forcible Colonial Schooling
Canada: Forcible Colonial Schooling
Australia: Forcible Colonial Schooling
Snapshot of the Present
Snapshot of the Future
Conclusion and Reflections
References
77 Leadership Challenges with Multicultural Schools
Introduction
Multicultural Schools
Leadership for Multicultural Schools
Policy Challenges
Challenges Related to Cultural Diversity
Curricular Challenges
Administrative Challenges
Operational Challenges
Conclusions and Reflections
References
78 Overcoming Invisibility: The Systemic Need to Recognize Indigenous People in Educational Spaces
Introduction
Curricula Based on False Narratives Perpetuate Misconceptions
Flawed Curricula Inflicts Harm upon Learners and Society
Psychological Invisibility
False Curricula Harm Dominant Cultures
Strategies to Recognize and Include Indigenous People in Education
Visibility in Standards and Curriculum Development
Authentic Voices and Multiple Perspectives
De-Mythologizing Through Inquiry
Teacher Professional Development and Training
Conclusion and Reflections
References
79 A Foucauldian Analysis of Culturally Relevant Educational Leadership for Refugees as Newcomers
Introduction
Reframing Culturally Relevant and Socially Just Leadership for Refugees: A Foucauldian Analysis
Enunciative Fields in SJL and CRL Frameworks
Epistemologies, Social Fabric, and Commitments
Conclusion and Reflections
References
80 Informational Grounds as the Locus of Dignity for Immigrant Students
Introduction
Policy, Politics, and the Narration of Immigration
Immigrant Students
Dignity and Inclusive Leadership
Information Grounds
Information Grounds, Dignity, and Immigrant Students
Geographic Information Grounds
Practical Information Grounds
Cultural Information Grounds
Social Information Grounds
Institutional Information Grounds
Conclusions and Reflections
References
Part X: Leadership and Research
81 Transcending National Boundaries: How Five Educational Leaders Rethought Poverty and Access to Education
Introduction
Muhammad Yunus
Paulo Freire
Tsunesaburo Makiguchi
Fredrich Froebel
Maria Montessori
Conclusions and Reflections
References
82 The Search for Science and Scientific Standing
Introduction
Epistemology and Terminology
Systems Theory
From Systems Theory to Leadership
Against any Science of Administration
Science, Evidence-Based Research, and Leadership
Effect Size Evidence
Evidence from Experimental Research Designs
Evidence from Ex Post Facto Research Designs
Fitting Data to Curves
Toward a Coherentist Science of Educational Administration and Leadership
Conclusions and Reflections
References
83 The Use of Statistics in Leadership Research: Advances in the Field
Introduction
Traditional Hypothesis Testing Methods
Effect Sizes
Data Mining and Machine Learning
Linear Discriminant Analysis
Generalized Additive Models
Classification and Regression Trees
Random Forests
Neural Networks
Bayesian Statistical Analysis
Causal Inference
Multilevel Modeling
Conclusions and Reflections
References
84 The Rise and Fall of Evidence-Based Research
Introduction
Background
Gonski Review in Australia
Certainty and Predictability Rather than Uncertainty
History of the Call for Evidence-Based Practice 1995-2010 in the UK
Policy Context in Australia
Teacher Professionalism
The Effective Teacher: Standards and Competences
The Reflective Teacher
The Enquiring Teacher
The Transformative Teacher
The Dominance of the Effective Teacher
Double Transformation
Critique of Evidence-Based Practice
Comparison to Medicine
Professional Judgment and Practical Epistemology
The Practical Roles of Educational Research
Possibilities of Research-Informed Practice
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
85 Finding and Promoting Effective Leaders
Introduction
Effective Leadership
The Importance of School Leadership
Preparation and Development Programs
Limitations and Criticisms of Preparation Programs
The United States
Other Countries
International Study of Principal Preparation
7 Systems Leadership Study (7SLS)
Indonesia
Russia
Malaysia
Australia
Changing Nature of Preparation Programs
Internships, Coaching, and Mentoring
Internships
Coaching and Mentoring
Talent Management
Examples of Successful Implementation of Talent Management
Grow Your Own
Progress to Date
Identifying and Assessing Effective Leaders
Summary of Delphi Process
Conclusions and Reflections
References
86 History of the Field of Special Education
Introduction
History of US Special Education Litigation
History of US Special Education Legislation
Advocacy and Support for Children with Disabilities
Research and Training Special Education Professionals
Multi-tiered Systems of Support
The Individualized Education Program (IEP) and Inclusive Education
Conclusions and Reflections
References
87 Accountability and Assessment
Introduction
Methodology: Discourse and Archaeology
An Archaeological Excavation of School Assessment in the US
Between ``Exhibition´´ and ``Examination´´: Complexities of Emulation
Pencil and Paper Exams: Moving Beyond Social Impression
(Re)assessing American Schooling: Utilitarian Suggestions to Reclaim Power
Resistance, Cheating, and Statistics
Standards and Control
Glossy Statistics
Novel Forms of Assessment
Reproductive Power: Contemporary State Mechanisms of Control and the Rise of Edu-Business
Assessment Reflections in Philanthropic/Reformer Initiatives
Intensification of Power Relations and Control
Concluding and Reflections
References
88 Assessment, Accountability, and Contextualization
Introduction
Foucault´s Methodology
The Field of Memory
The Field of Presence
Field of Concomitance
Conclusions and Reflections
Cross-References
References
89 International Perspectives on Successful School Leadership
Introduction
The Search for School Effectiveness
Interest in Successful School Leadership
Two Major Short-Term Studies on Successful School Leadership
Major Long-Term International Studies on Successful School Leadership
Other Reviews of Successful School Leadership
Other Research
Conclusions and Reflections
Commentary from Drysdale
Effective and Successful Schools and Effective and Successful School Leadership
Sustainability of Success
Leadership and Context
Summary
References
Part XI: Leadership Preparation
90 Is a Science of Educational Leadership Possible?
An Explanation Under the Following Headings
Introduction
The Meanings of ``Science´´
Toward an Understanding of EA as an Applied Science
Conclusion and Reflections
Cross-References
References
91 National Leadership Standards and the Structured Silence of White Supremacy
Introduction
Historical Context of National Standards
Historical Context on National Standards in Educational Leadership
Discontinuities and Ruptures: Misnomers, Lies, and the Counternarrative: A Case for CRT
The Necessity of Criticality Within National Educational Leadership Standards
Conclusions and Reflections
References
92 Life Writing, Biography, and the Making of Educational Leaders
Introduction
Conclusions and Reflections
References
93 Challenging Leadership Norms: A New Way of Thinking About Leadership Preparation
Introduction
Changes in Schools: Leadership Opportunities in Contemporary Educational Settings
Changes in Teachers´ Roles: The Rise of Teacher Leadership
Changes in Initial Teacher Education: Attracting Teachers to the Profession
Leadership Learning in Initial Teacher Education
Examples of Leadership Learning in Initial Teacher Education
Conclusions and Reflections
References
94 Mentoring for Women Academics: What Works
Introduction
Mentoring: Three Broad Categorizations
What Is Mentoring: Some Definitional Considerations
Theoretical Insights Pertaining to Women and Mentoring
Homosocial Reproduction or Homophily
Relational Cultural Theory
Governmentality
Formal Mentoring Programs for Women in Universities
Women´s Underrepresentation
Benefits of Mentoring
Challenges of Mentoring
What Type of Mentoring Is Needed for Women in the Academy? Is Sponsorship the New Answer?
Conclusions and Reflections
References
95 Issues and Decision Points with Online Leadership Preparation
Introduction
Online Learning: Fad or Requirement?
Why Go Online, and What Are the Benefits to Students?
Greater Accommodation of Some Special-Need Student Populations
Greater Attention to Netiquette in Written Communication
Laying the Groundwork: Funding and Technology Issues
The Importance of Structuring Effective Online Instruction: Implementing Best Practices
Creating Online Content
Supervising Effective Curricular Design and Pedagogy
Awareness of Online Learning
Supervision of Online Faculty
Preparing and Recruiting Online Faculty: Skills and Dispositions
Planning Necessary Support Services for Students and Faculty
Technology Support
Curricular Design Support
Library Support
Administrative Support
Other Critical Issues in Evaluating Online Faculty Performance
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Online Programs: Does Delivery Modality Affect Student Assessment Results?
Sharing Results and Lessons Learned with Key Stakeholders
Continuing to Be a Positive Change Agent in Online Instructional Initiatives and What Is Known About Leaders Who Effectively M...
Trust and Credibility
Respect for Dissent
A Shared Sense of Purpose
Conclusions and Reflections
References
96 Realizing the Promise of Black Critical Pedagogy
Introduction
The Two CRT Frameworks
Critical Race Theory
Culturally Relevant Teaching
Connecting the Dots: Understanding the Premises of Both CRTs and the 1619 Project
Reenvisioning K-12 Education with a Critical Black Pedagogy Focus
Postracial Discourse
Black Lives Matter in the Context of Education
Leadership Implications
Conclusion and Reflections
References
97 A Principal-School Counselor Relational Leadership Model to Improve Student Mental Well-Being
Introduction
Tracing Theories and Developments
Theoretical Frame: Relational Leadership
Literature Review
School Counselors´ Role in Promoting Student Mental Health
Principals´ Role in Promoting Student Mental Health
Multitiered System of Supports, and Comprehensive School Counseling, as a Framework for Collaboration and Relational Leadership
Discussion
Social and Emotional Learning and Pre- and In-Service Training
Course Content for Pre- and In-Service Principals and School Counselors
Training to Support Collaboration for Multitiered System of Supports and Comprehensive School Counseling
Call to Action
Conclusions and Reflections
References
98 Caring School Leadership
Introduction
Caring School Leadership
Origin Stories of Approaches to Caring Leadership
Caring Leadership and Organizational Perspectives
Critical Caring: Leadership for Social Justice Perspectives
Conclusion and Reflections
Joining Conceptions
Caring as an Ethical Stance
Interpersonal Relationships: Foundations of Care
References
99 Moving Toward International Perspectives on the Preparation of Education Leaders
Standards 1990s-2020
International and the West
Where Has the Creative and Imaginative Leader Gone in Research?
Conclusions and Recommendations
Cross-References
References
100 Mitigating the Impact of Brown with New Pathways for Black Teachers and Principals
Introduction
The Consequences of Brown on Black Teachers
The Consequences of Brown on Black Principals
The Current State of Black Principals and Teachers
The Complex Road to the Principalship
Shifting from Pipelines to Pathways
Edgecombe County High School Scholars Program
Call Me MiSTER
The Aspiring Principals Program
Guilford Aspiring Leaders Academy
Conclusions and Reflections
References
101 Sustaining a Vision to Reclaim Educational Reform
Introduction
Field of Memory
Field of Presence
Field of Concomitance
Field of Memory
Field of Presence
Field of Concomitance
Field of Memory
Field of Presence
Field of Concomitance
Field of Memory
Field of Presence
Field of Concomitance
Field of Memory
Field of Presence
Field of Concomitance
Conclusion and Reflections
References
Index
