The Oxford Handbook Of Latin American Christianity

Cover
The Oxford Handbook of LATIN AMERICAN CHRISTIANITY
Copyright
Contents
List of Contributors
Introduction: Oxford Handbook of Latin American Christianity
The History of the Volume
Notes
Part I: CHRISTIANITY COMES TO THE NEW WORLD
Chapter 1: The Making of Colonial Christianity in Hispanic America
Notes
Chapter 2: Time and Christianity in Early Latin America
Notes
Chapter 3: Scholastic Theology, Justice, and the Conquest of the Americas
Scholastic Theology and the Natural Law
Disputes over the Justice of the European Conquest
The Image of God, Natural Rights, and Just War
Scholastic Theology and the Latin American Tradition of Human Rights
Notes
Chapter 4: The Sacred Art of Counter-Conquest: Material Christianity in Latin America
Tabula Rasa: The Blank Slate, the Empty Canvas
Into the Void: The Latin American Baroque and the Sacred Art of Counter-Conquest
Making Space Sacred: Latin American Church Architecture from Monasteries to Oratories
Housing the Sacred: Domestic Oratories
The Rebellious Altar: A Theory of the Sacred Plane
The Living Image: Iconography and Icons
Conclusions: De profundis: Rupture and Continuity, Profusion and Proliferation
Notes
Chapter 5: Indigenous Christianities: Commensuration, (De)Colonization, and Cultural Production in Latin America
Conversion and Coercion: Reciprocal Understanding on Unequal Terms
Christianity and the Production of Indigenous Locality
Idols behind Altars: “Folk Catholicism” Facing the New Evangelizations
Commensurating the Vernacular: Indigenous Christianities and Modernity
Christianities in Process
Notes
Chapter 6: (Un)Making Christianity: The African Diaspora in Slavery and Freedom
Church and State: Defense of Slavery
Jesuits: Slaveholding Justifications
Authority and Agency through Catholicism
A Hostile Church
Conclusions
Notes
Chapter 7: Millenarian Movements
The Apocalyptic Heritage
The Iberian Traditions
Indigenous Revitalization and Millennial Movements
Colonial Movements
Millenarian Movements in the Post-Colonial Era
Notes
Chapter 8: The Course of Catholic History in Latin America
Notes
Part II: THE CHURCH MILITANT: CATHOLIC POLITICAL ACTIVISM
Chapter 9: Liberation Theology: History and Trends
Changing Contexts
Pastoral Impetus
Major Theological Themes
Political Implications
Internal Church Controversies
Twenty-first Century: What’s Left, What’s New?
Notes
Chapter 10: Catholicism, Revolution, and Counter-Revolution in Twentieth-Century Latin America
Catholics and the Mexican Revolution (ca. 1910–1940)
The Catholic Church and the Cold War in Latin America: Cuba
The Progressive Church in Latin America’s Cold War
The Catholic Church and the Cold War in Latin America: Nicaragua
The Catholic Church between Revolution and Counter-Revolution
Notes
Chapter 11: Bishops, Priests, and CELAM
CELAM and the Development of a Latin American Clerical Identity
“Go to the People”: Social Justice, Human Rights, and the Clergy
The Clergy and the “Church of the People”: Toward a New Ecclesiology
From Puebla to Santo Domingo: Conflict, Restoration, and the Clergy
Conclusion: Aparecida and Beyond
Notes
Chapter 12: Activist Christians, the Human Rights Movement, and Democratization in Latin America
Introduction
Growth of Christian Activism in Latin America
Authoritarian Period
Transitions and the Consolidation of Democracy
Conclusion
Notes
Chapter 13: Prophetic Martyrdom in Modern Latin America: Two Definitions of Christian Martyrdom
The Post–Vatican II Period
Brazil and Chile
Argentina
Guatemala
El Salvador
Conclusion
Notes
Chapter 14: The Ambivalence of Catholic Politics in Latin America: Ideology, Interests, and Institutions
Introduction
Catholic Response to Authoritarianism
Democratization and New Variations of Political Behavior
Conclusion
Notes
Chapter 15: Rights, Religion, and Violence at Mexico’s Borders
Conceptualizing Poverty and Violence through the Lens of Christianity
“To Recover Our Dignity and Our Right to Land”
Refugees and Solidarity at the Border: “The Good Samaritan”
Mexico’s Vertical Border: Sharing Food for Life
Conclusion
Notes
Part III: A TRANSNATIONAL SPIRIT: MISSIONARIES AND CHARISM
Chapter 16: Pentecostalism and Neo-Pentecostalism in Latin America Two Case Studies
Background
First- and Second-Wave Pentecostalism: Case Study, Guatemala
The Boom Years: Guatemala
Case Study: Pentecostalism in Brazil
From Crentes to Evangélicos: Brazilian Pentecostalism Goes Public
Conclusion
Notes
Chapter 17: Conversion Processes and Social Networks in Latin America
Introduction: The Success of Global and Latin American Pentecostalism
Pentecostal Conversion Careers in Paraguay and Chile
Contextual, Individual, and Institutional Factors in the Conversion Process
Social Network Factors in the Conversion Process
Conclusion
Notes
Chapter 18: A New Pentecost: Conversion in the Caribbean
Fated to Poverty: A Worker in the Cane
Healing, Conversion, and Spiritual Baptism
A People of the Book?
The Kingdom of God and the Kingdom of This World
The Transfiguration of Latin American Christendom
Provisional Predictions
Notes
Chapter 19: Protestant Innovative Evangelizing to Oral Cultures in Guatemala
The Missions and Their Response to the Indigenous Context
The Orality of Translations of the Bible
The Coming Deluge: The Rise of Pentecostalism
Innovative Indigenous Evangelizing
Conclusion
Interviews and Correspondence
Notes
Chapter 20: Liberation Theology’s Spiritual Legacy for the Latin American Church
The Church of the Poor
In Light of Vatican II
A New Way of Doing Theology
From Medellín to Santo Domingo
Our Strongest Possession
Spirituality, but Not Just Any Kind of Spirituality
Effective Love, the Soul of Spirituality
Following Jesus, the Paradigm and Example for Our Spirituality
The Lord Who Transforms: Holistic Conversion, the Fundamental Requirement of Spirituality
Counterculture Leadership and an Active Ecclesiology
Life before Death
Notes
Chapter 21: Preferential Option for the Spirit The Catholic Charismatic Renewal
Introduction
Near and Far
Allies of the Spirit
Catholic Gospel in Times of Media-Oriented Catholicism
Spring of the Spirit
Challenges of Catholic Pentecostalization
Notes
Chapter 22: Alternative Christianities: Mormons, Seventh-day Adventists, and Jehovah’s Witnesses
Introduction
Origins and Proselytizing Motivations
Entrance into Latin America
The Current Situation in Latin America
Outreach and Evangelism
Membership Statistics
Future Growth
Conclusion
Notes
Chapter 23: MainLine Protestantism in Latin America
The Colonial Period (1492–1820)
Incursions and Inquisitions
The Early Republics (1820–1900)
Religious Liberty and the Bible
Nineteenth-Century Missions and Modernity
Protestant Immigration and Inculturation
The Twentieth Century to the Present
Protestants Come of Age
Notes
Part IV: CONTEMPORARY CHRISTIANITY IN LATIN AMERICA
Chapter 24: Christianity and Ecology in Latin America
Roman Catholicism
Liberation Theology
Ecofeminism
Pope Francis and Laudato Si
Protestants in Latin America
Conclusion
Notes
Chapter 25: Mary, Mother of Jesus Consolatrice of the Americas
Introduction
Nebel’s Three Trajectories
Mariology: The Person of Mary
The Virgin of the Massacre: Mary of the People
Liberation Theologies: A Bond That Encompasses Millions
Las Madres: An Example of Evangelization to Overcome Injustice
The Conquest and the Introduction of Mary to the People
The Nican Mopohua and Nahuatl Culture
Our Lady of Guadalupe
The Importance of Imagery in the Tonantzín Guadalupe Event
Conclusion
Notes
Chapter 26: Marshaling the Faithful: Popular Religiosity and Institutional Life in Modernizing Mexico
Notes
Archival Collections
Newspapers
Chapter 27: Catholic Laity in the Latin American Church
Small Christian Communities
The Preferential and Evangelizing Option for the Poor
Lay Ministry Today
Maryknoll Lay Missioners Program: Lay Missioners in Action
Summary
Notes
Complete Bibliography
Index