The Making of Central and Eastern Europe is in some ways the continuation of my book Les Slaves, Byzance et Rome au /X* siecle, published in Paris in 1926 and in a second edition, with a new introduction in English by Peter Charanis, by Acad¬ emic International Press in 1970. This book was my main thesis presented to the University of Paris, with another work containing the edition of the Greek life of Gregory the Decapolite, to obtain the degree of Docteur ^s Lettres of the Sorbonne. When preparing this thesis I wanted to extend my research to the tenth century, but the late Professor Charles Diehl, who supervised my research, advised me to limit myself to the ninth century and to devote a special study to the tenth and eleventh centuries. The problems touched upon in the thesis led me to a more profound study of Constantine and Methodius, which was published in 1933 under the title Les Legendes de Constantin et de Methode vues de Byzance. Academic International Press reissued this work in 1969, with my own new introduction and notes to the text.
Upon the publication of my book The Photian Schism: History and Legend, printed by Cambridge University Press in 1948 (French edition, 1950; Italian edition, 1951) and reprinted in 1970, I closed my studies of the prob¬ lems of that important period in Slavic and Byzantine history. So it came about that I could start my research on the following period, characterized by the appearance of new factors in European history such as the rise of Germany and the birth of new Slavic states only in 1939, when on leave in London from Charles University.
The present work was written wholly during the war at the British Museum, sometimes in difficult circumstances. The Polish Research Centre in London under¬ took publication of the book in spite of obstacles to book printing in the post-war period, when it was difficult to find printers familiar with Slavic characters. This explains the many inaccuracies in the printing of Slavic names in the bibliography.
Scholarly books published during the post-war era very often escaped the attention of scholars in countries recovering from the war, and I am therefore very much indebted to Academic International Press for initiating this new edition of The Making of Central and Eastern Europe.
More than twenty years have passed since this work was first published. The number of new contributions touching the problems discussed in my book published in the interval has been enormous. In* my introduction to the present second edition, I will attempt to quote at least the main studies which concern these problems and which show new findings and offer new material for their study. Most of the further progress in the analysiis of these problems we owe to German scholars, whose contributions deserve both respect and esteem. I ,will endeavor as well to quote works by Slavic scholars, alt¬ hough it is difficult in the United States to find many post-war Polish and Czech publications, in many of which new views are expressed. Newer points of view notwithstanding, it appears necessary to change only a few of my conclusions. Often, however, the choice must be left to the reader! Many issues, as will be seen, are still far from a definite solution. While the main printing errors have been noted, specialists will easily discover and, I hope, will understand, the typographical errors in the Slavic names in the bibliography.
Author(s): Francis Dvornik
Series: The Central and East European series, Vol.3
Edition: 2
Publisher: Academic International Press
Year: 1974
Language: English
Commentary: With a New Introduction and Notes to the Text by the Author
Pages: 350
City: Gulf Breeze, FL
Tags: World War II; Third Reich; Nazi Germany; Cold War; Warsaw Pact; USA; USSR; Eastern Europe
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
Introduction
L Dawn of Slavonic History and Rise of Germany ..
Origin and expansion of the Slavs—^Byzantium and Moravia—Bohemia and Bavaria—Birth of Medieval Germany—Wenceslas of Bohemia, Henry I of Saxony and Arnulf of Bavaria—The first wave of the Drang nacb Osten—Henry I, Bavaria and Lombardy—Otto I and the German dukes—German intervention in France and Lombardy—Otto’s success in Bohemia and his victory over the Magyars.
IE The Emperor Otto I, Poland, Bohemia and Russia
Otto I Emperor—Political theories of Charlemagne and Otto I—-Otto’s plan for eastern expansion and the Church—Mieszko I—^His alleged Viking descent—His relation to the Empire—His struggle for Pomerania—The Varvags and the origin of Russia—Otto I and Olga of Kiev—Boleslas I of Bohemia and the conversion of Poland—Otto I, Magdeburg, Rome and Posen—A famous foundation charter—Morrow of the Quedlinburg Reichstag —Slavonic insurrection—Slavonic Dukes and the succession of Otto II— —Expansion of Poland, Bohemia and Russia—They meet on the Carpathians.
III. The Contest Between Three Dynasties ; Piasts,
Przemyslides and Slavniks
The Slavniks and Magdeburg—A Compromise between the Przemyslides and the Slavniks ; the Slavnik Adalbert is made Bishop of Prague—Adalbert and the Clunv Reform—Why Adalbert left Bohemia—First Polish-Czech clash— Polish expansion and a Papal document—A Czech embassy to Rome— Reasons for the fatal conflict—End of the Slavniks and of a dream—Czech bishop and German Emperor—S. Adalbert and Greco-Slavonic culture— Prussians and Poles—S. Adalbert’s martyrdom in Prussia—His posthumous fame.
IV. Otto’s “ Renovatio Imperii,” Poland, Bohemia, Hungary
AND Russia
Political ideals of Otto III and Sylvester II—Poland and the New Roman Empire—Western and eastern Christianity in Hungary—Christianisation ot Hungary and the Czechs—-Hungary and the New Roman Empire—The first Hungarian archbishop a Czech ?—Otto II and Russia—German or Greek Christianity in Kiev ?—Theophano and the Roman embassy to Kiev—Otto III, Rome and Russia of Kiev—An independent archbishop in Kiev ?—Otto Ill’s imperial ideology and the Germans—The Emperor’s achievement.
V. A Polish-Czech or a Czech-Polish State ..
Henry II breaks with Ottonian ideals—Boleslas the Great supports Otto’s imperial conceptions—Bohemia, a Polish-Czech State realised—First clash
between the Emperor and the Pole—The Emperor’s alliance with the pagan Veletians deals death blow to Ottonian ideology—Bruno of Querfurt’s mission to Hungary and Poland and his defence of Boleslas—Boleslas’ bid foraWestem Slavonic empire and his sympathisers in Germany—Henry II and Boleslas before the bar of history—Polish King succeeds to the role relinquished by the Emperor—Poland, Bohemia, Hungary and Russia—Mieszko II and Conrad II—
Last bid for a Przeniyslide State—Conrad’s “ Divide et impera ”—Abortive Czech-Polish State—Poland and Bohemia at the close of a period.
VI. Kievan Russia and Central Europe .. .. .. 236
Kievan Russia’s cultural achievements—Russia, a new' channel between Byzantium and the West ?—Western Saints and the Russian Church— Penetration of western Slavonic literature from Bohemia into Kiev—Magyars,
Czechs, Croats, Germans and Russians in the Xlth century—Poland and Kievan Russia—Ruriks and the courts of Western Europe—Western influence in Kiev — Great possibilities for Europe — Consequences of a fateful development.
Conclusion. Central Europe’s Fate . . . . . . . . 262
Appendix I. Byzantine, Arab and Anglo-Saxon Tradition ON White Croatia and White Serbia. Origins OE THE Croats and the Serbs . . . . . . 268
Constantine Porphyrogennetos—Ma’sudi, The Persian Geographer and King Alfred—Theories on the origin of the Croats and the Serbs.
Appendix II. Forgotten Empires : The Empire of the Antes,
White Croatia, White Serbia . . . . . . 277
Sarmatians and Slavs in South Russia—The Spori (Spali) and the Empire of the Antes—Croats and Avars—Migration of the Croats and the Serbs to the south—
Nature of Croatian and Serbian organisation—History of White Croatia and White Serbia till the Xth century—Croats, Serbs and Bohemia—White Croatia and the Magyars.
Appendix Ill. Polish and Russian Conflict over the Remains
OF White Croatia . . . . . . . . 298
The Croats in the Russian Annals—Ma’sudi’s statement—The Russians in the document of Raffelstetten.
Appendix IV. Primitive Russians of Sarmatian Origin ? . . 305
The Rhos in Ezekiel—The Rhos in Zacharias the Rhetor—Rhos and Ruks-As.
Appendix V. The Donation of Poland to the Holy See Mieszko in the “ Dagome Iudex ”
List of Abbreviations
Bibliography of Sources
General Bibliography
Index and Errata
Maps on pages. 12, 40, 96,
BY
3 ' S 310 319
323
335 137. 278
