Egon Brunswik is one of the most brilliant, creative and least understood and appreciated psychologists/philosophers of the 20th century. This book presents a collection of Brunswik's most important papers together with interpretive comments by prominent scholars who explain the intent and development of his thought. This collection and the accompanying diverse examples of the application of his ideas will encourage a deeper understanding of Brunswik in the 21st century than was the case in the 20th century. The 21st century already shows signs of acceptance of Brunswikian thought with the appearance of psychologists with a different focus; emulation of physical science is of less importance, and positive contributions toward understanding behavior outside the laboratory without abandoning rigor are claiming more notice. As a result, Brunswik's theoretical and methodological views are already gaining the attention denied them in the 20th century. The plan of this book is to provide, for the first time, in one place the articles that show the origins of his thought, with all their imaginative and creative spirit, as well as thoughtful, scholarly interpretations of the development, meaning and application of his ideas to modern psychology. Thus, his views will become more understandable and more widely disseminated, as well as advanced through the fresh meaning given to them by the psychologists of the 21st century.
Author(s): Kenneth R. Hammond, Thomas R. Stewart
Edition: 1
Year: 2001
Language: English
Pages: 560
Contents......Page 10
Contributors......Page 14
Introduction......Page 18
Part I: Beginnings: The Grand Ideas Introduced......Page 28
COMMENT: A Meeting of Minds......Page 30
REPRINT......Page 32
COMMENT: Introducing a New Psychology from Vienna......Page 50
REPRINT......Page 53
COMMENT: On Center Stage......Page 70
REPRINT......Page 72
COMMENT: Representative Design in Action in the Middle of the Twentieth Century......Page 82
REPRINT......Page 83
COMMENT: Brunswik as Philosopher of Science......Page 121
REPRINT......Page 123
COMMENT: Thinking about Error and Errors about Thinking......Page 138
REPRINT......Page 142
COMMENT: Explaining to the Nobility......Page 149
REPRINT......Page 150
REPRINT......Page 171
Part II: Explications: Iconoclasm at Work......Page 178
A. Demonstrations of a New Methodology: Representative Design......Page 180
8 Probability Learning of Perceptual Cues in the Establishment of a Weight Illusion [1951]......Page 182
9 Thing Constancy as Measured by Correlation Coefficients [1940]......Page 195
10 Probability as a Determiner of Rat Behavior [1939]......Page 207
11 Ecological Cue-Validity of “Proximity” and of Other Gestalt Factors [1953]......Page 226
B. Demonstrations of a Comprehensive Theory......Page 238
12 The Conceptual Framework of Psychology [1952]......Page 240
13 Survival in a World of Probable Objects [1957]......Page 253
C. Final Thoughts......Page 262
14 “Ratiomorphic” Models of Perception and Thinking [1955]......Page 264
15 Perception and the Representative Design of Psychological Experiments [1956]......Page 275
16 Ontogenetic and Other Developmental Parallels to the History of Science [1959]......Page 280
17 Historical and Thematic Relations of Psychology to Other Sciences [1956]......Page 298
18 Scope and Aspects of the Cognitive Problem [1957]......Page 313
Part III: Applications......Page 328
A. Theoretical and Methodological Contributions to Psychology......Page 330
19 The Contribution of Representative Design to Calibration Research......Page 332
20 Assessing Self-Insight via Policy Capturing and Cognitive Feedback......Page 336
21 Judgment Analysis......Page 339
22 Brunswik’s Theoretical and Methodological Contributions to Research in Interpersonal Perception......Page 343
23 Hierarchical Linear Models for the Nomothetic Aggregation of Idiographic Descriptions of Judgment......Page 347
24 Vicarious Functioning Reconsidered: A Fast and Frugal Lens Model......Page 357
25 Multiple Cue Probability Learning......Page 363
26 From Ecological to Moral Psychology: Morality and the Psychology of Egon Brunswik......Page 365
27 The Lens Model Equation......Page 372
B. Overviews of Applications to Substantive Problems......Page 378
28 The Realistic Accuracy Model and Brunswik’s Approach to Social Judgment......Page 380
29 Application of the Lens Model to the Evaluation of Professional Performance......Page 384
30 Brunswik and Medical Science......Page 393
31 The Perception and Judgment of Rapport......Page 395
32 The Relationship between Strategy and Achievement as the Basic Unit of Group Functioning......Page 399
33 Brunswikian Research on Social Perception, Interpersonal Learning and Conflict, and Negotiation......Page 403
34 Understanding the Effects of Psychiatric Drugs on Social Judgment......Page 408
35 Human Factors......Page 415
36 Representative Design: Cognitive Science from a Brunswikian Perspective......Page 419
C. Examples of Current Brunswikian Research and Application......Page 424
37 Assessing the Reliability of Judgments......Page 426
38 Vicarious Functioning in Teams......Page 431
39 Probabilistic Functioning and Cognitive Aging......Page 438
40 A Brunswikian Approach to Emotional Communication in Music Performance......Page 441
41 An Application of the Lens Model to Guidance and Counseling of Adolescents......Page 446
42 How Probabilistic Functionalism Advances Evolutionary Psychology......Page 449
43 Brunswik and Quality of Life: A Brief Note......Page 455
Part IV: Brunswik the Man and His Ideas......Page 458
44 Ideas in Exile: The Struggles of an Upright Man......Page 460
45 Egon Brunswik before and after Emigration: A Study in the History of Science......Page 468
46 Expansion of Egon Brunswik’s Psychology, 1955–1995......Page 479
47 Notes from Berkeley, 1938, 1945–1948......Page 494
48 Notes from a Student in Vienna......Page 495
Epilogue......Page 500
Complete Annotated List of Brunswik’s Published Papers......Page 504
References......Page 510
A......Page 536
B......Page 537
C......Page 538
D......Page 540
E......Page 541
G......Page 542
H......Page 543
I......Page 544
K......Page 545
M......Page 546
N......Page 547
P......Page 548
R......Page 550
S......Page 551
T......Page 553
W......Page 554
Z......Page 555
