The Demography of Victorian England and Wales describes in detail for the first time the changing population history of England and Wales between 1837 and 1914. Its principal focus is the great demographic revolution that occurred during those years, especially the secular decline of fertility and the origins of the modern rise in life expectancy. It is lavishly illustrated with numerous tables, figures and maps, many of which are reproduced in full color. This clear, comprehensive and engaging reference work makes a seminal contribution to demographic history.
Author(s): Robert Woods
Series: Cambridge Studies in Population, Economy and Society in Past Time
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2000
Language: English
Pages: 476
Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Series-title......Page 4
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Dedication......Page 7
Contents......Page 9
Figures......Page 11
Tables......Page 21
Preface......Page 25
1 Bricks without straw, bones without flesh......Page 29
True facts......Page 31
Systems......Page 38
Transitions......Page 43
Time and space......Page 49
2 Vital statistics......Page 59
Contents of the Annual Reports......Page 61
The quality of registration......Page 66
Detection without correction......Page 75
3 Whatever happened to the preventive check?......Page 99
The European marriage pattern in the nineteenth century......Page 100
Nuptiality patterns in England and Wales......Page 109
The effects of urbanisation, migration and occupational specialisation on nuptiality......Page 116
Local studies......Page 123
between pages 96–97......Page 124
The influence of marriage patterns on illegitimate fertility......Page 145
The Victorian marriage pattern and its antecedents......Page 151
4 Family limitation......Page 154
Transition theory......Page 156
Social diffusion......Page 158
Contraceptive revolution?......Page 166
Coale and Trussell: stopping or spacing?......Page 168
Illegitimate fertility......Page 184
Demographic balance......Page 187
Preconditions......Page 188
Empirical relationships......Page 194
Why there are still no firm conclusions......Page 209
Age......Page 214
Farr’s law......Page 234
6 Mortality by occupation and social group......Page 247
The official reporting of occupational mortality in Victorian England......Page 254
Mortality among occupations......Page 258
The social class gradient of male mortality – the interplay of occupational, economic, environmental and selective factors......Page 284
7 The origins of the secular decline of childhood mortality......Page 291
The characteristics of childhood mortality in Victorian England and Wales......Page 294
The childhood mortality problem: contemporary and recent approaches......Page 324
Fertility and infant mortality......Page 339
Poverty, female education, fertility and childhood mortality......Page 344
Some preliminary conclusions......Page 348
8 Places and causes......Page 354
Causes of death......Page 356
Crowding......Page 361
Water......Page 369
Air......Page 375
Phthisis......Page 376
Composite disease environments......Page 385
The McKeown interpretation further confounded......Page 388
9 The demographic consequences of urbanisation......Page 404
10 The transformation of the English and other demographic regimes......Page 425
11 Conclusions and unresolved conundrums......Page 444
Bibliography......Page 455
Index......Page 484
