The Courteous Power: Japan and Southeast Asia in the Indo-Pacific Era

Cover
Half-title
Series page
Title page
Copyright information
Table of contents
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
1 | From the Fukuda Doctrine to the FOIP: The Evolution of Japanese Engagement in Southeast Asia
Phases of Japanese Engagement
Economic Engagement with Strategic Subordination
The Fukuda Doctrine and a More Activist Approach
Added Autonomy after the Cold War
Abe and the Indo- Pacific Era
Understanding Japan’s Importance in Southeast Asia
Relations on the International Political Plane
The Roles of Non-State Actors: Business, Development, and Culture
Conclusion
Notes
Part I: Relations on the International Political Plane
2 | Japan as the Key to Southeast Asian Diversification
The Relevance of Diversification
Distinguishing Hedging and Diversification
The Merits of Diversifying
Japan’s Facilitation of Southeast Asian Diversification
Aid Diversification
Trade and Investment Diversification
Diversifying through Multilateral Diplomacy
The New Frontier: Maritime Security
Implications for Regional Order
Notes
3 | Japan’s Defense and Security Cooperation in Southeast Asia: Developing Security Networks, Capacities, and Institutions
Security Networking
Joint Training and Exercises
Bilateral Defense Diplomacy
Formation of the “Vientiane Vision”: A Comprehensive Approach
Capacity Building
Regional Security Cooperation: Institutional Development
Conclusion
Notes
4 | Wedge Strategies, Japan–ASEAN Cooperation, and the Making of the EAS: Implications for Indo-Pacific Institutionalization
“Wedge Strategies” in Multilateral Institutions: The Case of ASEAN
The EAS Establishment Process: Tug-Of-War among Japan, China, and ASEAN Member States
Analysis: Japan and ASEAN Cooperation
Conclusion: Implications for the Indo-Pacific
Notes
5 | Japan’s Relations with ASEAN: Unity and Diversity in a Changing Regional Environment
Japan in the Changing Regional Environment: The “Free and Open Indo-Pacific Strategy”
Japan’s Relationship to ASEAN
The Importance of Intra-ASEAN Unity
ASEAN and Vietnam’s Invasion/Occupation of Cambodia
ASEAN and the Financial Crisis 1997–1999
Japan, ASEAN and the FOIP: How Should Japan Manage Its Relations with ASEAN?
Conclusion
Notes
6 | Not Quite a Follower: ASEAN’s Response to Japan’s Regional Initiatives
Why Regional Initiatives?
Case 1: The Nakayama Proposal and the ASEAN Regional Forum
Membership
Policy Areas
Normative Values
ASEAN’s Responses
Membership
Policy Areas
Normative Values
Case 2: The Koizumi Vision and ‘ASEAN+6’ Framework of the East Asian Summit
Membership
Policy Areas
Normative Values
ASEAN’s Responses
Membership
Policy Areas
Normative Values
Case 3: The Free and Open Indo-Pacific Strategy and ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific
Membership
Policy Areas
Normative Values
ASEAN’s Responses
Membership
Policy Areas
Normative Values
Conclusion
Notes
Part II: Development, Culture, and the Roles of Non-State Actors
7 | From Japan Inc. to the FOIP: The Evolving Role of Japanese Businesses in Japan’s Southeast Asia Policy
ODA and Investment (1960s–1980s)
Japanese Businesses and Regional Economic Policy (1990s–2000s)
Economics and Security Mixed in the FOIP Era (2010s and Beyond)
Diversifying Foreign Policy and Diversifying Businesses
Co-existence of Strategic and Business Interests
Conclusion
Notes
8 | The Japanese Business Community as a Diplomatic Asset and the 2014 Thai Coup d’État
The U.S. and Japanese Critiques of the 2014 Thai Coup
The Junta Reaching Out: Japanese Business in Bangkok
Japan as the Third Choice for Thailand?
The Role of the Japanese Business Community
Conclusion
NotesThe author would like to acknowledge support for this research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Kakenhi grant numbers 19H04349, 17H02230, and 19K12505.
9 | Japan’s NGOs and Effective Development Cooperation in Mekong Countries
Japanese NGOs in Aid Processes
Emergence: Pre-1995
Turning Point: Post-1995
The Indo-Pacific Era: A Struggle for Growth and Independence
Japan and Development in Mekong Countries: Interactions between Japanese and Local Actors
Development of the Mekong Region and Japan’s Aid Policy: Pre-2009
From the Tokyo Strategy for Mekong–Japan Cooperation to the FOIP Strategy
Water Resources Management and the Green Mekong Initiative
Conclusion
Notes
10 | Japan–Southeast Asia Engagements on the Ground: Japanese Women in Southeast Asia
Contemporary Transnational Mobility of Japanese Women to Southeast Asia
The Pull of Southeast Asia as a Destination
New Japanese Women Migrants and the Desire for Self-Discovery
Work Employment: Serving as a Linguistic and Cultural Bridge
Japanese Working Women as Local Hires
Japanese Language Teachers
Becoming Entrepreneurs in Local Communities: Creating Opportunities for Engagements
Japanese Women in Philanthropy
Transnational Marriage: Japanese Women Marrying Local Southeast Asians
Conclusion
Notes
11 | Revisiting “Cool Japan”: The Southeast Asian Gaze toward Japanese Manga and Anime
What Is Soft Power?
“Look to Japan”
FANtasizing Japan
Hijab Cosplay in Indonesia
Duterte Manga/Anime
Doraemon Tofu
Conclusion
Notes
12 | Japan as a Courteous Power: Continuity and Change in the Indo-Pacific Era
Japan’s Distinctive Modes of Influence
A Courteous Power
Why Be Courteous?
Influence via Diplomacy and Defense
Impact on Economic and Political Development
Grassroots Interactions and “Soft Power”
Continuity and Change in the FOIP Era
A Widening Security Role
Boosting Economic Connectivity
The Question of Democratic Values
ASEAN Centrality
Looking Forward
Notes
Contributors
Index