The Second Edition of this single-authored volume integrates multiple disciplines of basic and clinical research to help clinicians further develop the best possible care for the rehabilitation of patients with neurologic diseases. From the readable descriptions of the structures and functions of pathways for movement and cognition, the reader comes to understand the potential for training induced, pharmacologic, and near-future biologic interventions to enhance recovery. Dr. Dobkin shows how functional neuroimaging serves as a marker for whether physical, cognitive, and neuromodulating therapies work and how they sculpt the plasticity of the brain. Themes, such as how the manipulation of sensory experience can serve as a formidable tool for rehabilitation, run throughout the text, built from the level of the synapse to behaviors such as grasping, walking, and thinking. From illustrating how we may one day repair the brain and spinal cord to how to retrain spared and new pathways, Dr. Dobkin draws insights from a broad swath of fundamental research to give clinicians tools they can translate into bedside practices.The book treats the medical complications and therapeutic approaches to neurologic diseases as an interconnected matrix. The management of common medical issues, impairments, and disabilities are described across diseases. Special problems posed by patients with stroke, myelopathies, brain injury, multiple sclerosis, degenerative diseases, and motor unit disorders receive individual comment. Short-term and delayed pulse interventions for patients, along with clinical trials, are dissected and put into perspective.The First Edition of this book was titled Neurologic Rehabilitation. The title has been changed to reflect Dr. Dobkin's sense that fundamental research now drives the field of neurologic rehabilitation even more than it could in 1996 when the First Edition was published. The Second Edition features entirely new chapters on functional neuroimaging of recovery; neurostimulators and neuroprosteses; integration into the book of many new clinical and neuroscientific observations relevant to the clinician; and extensive updating and expansion of all chapters.Readers, whether clinicians serving the rehabilitation team, or students or researchers in neuroscience, neurology, physical medicine, allied health, or bioengineering, will acquire new insights and tools for creative pursuits that aim to lessen the disabilities of patients.
Author(s): Bruce H. Dobkin
Series: Contemporary neurology 66
Edition: 2
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Year: 2003
Language: English
Pages: 617
CONTENTS......Page 11
Part I. Neuroscientific Foundations for Rehabilitation......Page 19
1. ORGANIZATIONAL PLASTICITY IN SENSORIMOTOR AND COGNITIVE NETWORKS......Page 21
SENSORIMOTOR NETWORKS......Page 22
STUDIES OF REPRESENTATIONAL PLASTICITY......Page 57
BASIC MECHANISMS OF SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY......Page 62
COGNITIVE NETWORKS......Page 70
SUMMARY......Page 82
2. BIOLOGIC ADAPTATIONS AND NEURAL REPAIR......Page 94
TERMS FOR IMPROVEMENT AFTER INJURY......Page 97
INTRINSIC BIOLOGIC ADAPTATIONS......Page 99
POTENTIAL MANIPULATIONS FOR NEURAL REPAIR......Page 117
MUSCLE PLASTICITY......Page 131
EXPERIMENTAL INTERVENTIONS FOR REPAIR OF SPINAL CORD INJURY......Page 136
RELEVANCE OF ANIMAL MODELS OF REPAIR TO CLINICAL TRIALS......Page 147
SUMMARY......Page 152
3. FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING OF RECOVERY......Page 165
NEUROIMAGING TECHNIQUES......Page 166
LIMITATIONS OF FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING STUDIES......Page 178
METABOLIC IMAGING AT REST AFTER INJURY......Page 181
ACTIVATION STUDIES: FUNCTIONAL REORGANIZATION AFTER INJURY......Page 185
TRAINING-INDUCED REORGANIZATION......Page 194
NEUROPHARMACOLOGIC MODULATION......Page 202
SUMMARY......Page 203
4. NEUROSTIMULATORS AND NEUROPROSTHESES......Page 211
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVICES......Page 212
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVICES......Page 216
ROBOTIC AIDS......Page 221
SUMMARY......Page 224
Part II. Common Practices Across Disorders......Page 229
THE TEAM APPROACH......Page 231
PHYSICIANS......Page 233
NURSES......Page 236
PHYSICAL THERAPISTS......Page 237
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS......Page 249
SPEECH AND LANGUAGE THERAPISTS......Page 253
NEUROPSYCHOLOGISTS......Page 260
RECREATIONAL THERAPISTS......Page 261
SUMMARY......Page 262
NORMAL GAIT......Page 268
NEUROLOGIC GAIT DEVIATIONS......Page 270
QUANTITATIVE GAIT ANALYSIS......Page 276
APPROACHES TO RETRAINING AMBULATION......Page 280
SUMMARY......Page 286
7. ASSESSMENT AND OUTCOME MEASURES FOR CLINICAL TRIALS......Page 289
PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT......Page 290
MEASURES OF IMPAIRMENT......Page 293
BEHAVIORAL MEASURES......Page 306
MEASURES OF DISABILITY......Page 307
MEASURES OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE......Page 316
MEASURES OF HANDICAP......Page 320
STUDY DESIGNS FOR REHABILITATION RESEARCH......Page 321
SUMMARY......Page 332
DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS......Page 341
ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION......Page 342
THE NEUROGENIC BLADDER......Page 343
BOWEL DYSFUNCTION......Page 347
NUTRITION AND DYSPHAGIA......Page 348
PRESSURE SORES......Page 352
PAIN......Page 354
SPASTICITY......Page 366
CONTRACTURES......Page 375
MOOD DISORDERS......Page 376
SLEEP DISORDERS......Page 381
SUMMARY......Page 382
Part III. Rehabilitation of Specific Neurologic Disorders......Page 391
EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 393
MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS......Page 395
INPATIENT REHABILITATION......Page 403
OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION......Page 407
OUTCOMES OF IMPAIRMENTS......Page 410
OUTCOMES OF DISABILITIES......Page 417
CLINICAL TRIALS OF FUNCTIONAL INTERVENTIONS......Page 422
TRIALS OF INTERVENTIONS FOR APHASIA......Page 438
TRIALS FOR COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE DISORDERS......Page 443
SUMMARY......Page 454
EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 469
MEDICAL REHABILITATIVE MANAGEMENT......Page 476
SENSORIMOTOR CHANGES AFTER PARTIAL AND COMPLETE INJURY......Page 484
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES......Page 491
TRIALS OF SPECIFIC INTERVENTIONS......Page 495
LONG-TERM CARE......Page 503
SUMMARY......Page 507
11. TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY......Page 515
EPIDEMIOLOGY......Page 516
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY......Page 517
NEUROMEDICAL COMPLICATIONS......Page 521
ASSESSMENTS AND OUTCOME MEASURES......Page 528
PREDICTORS OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME......Page 531
LEVELS OF REHABILITATIVE CARE......Page 533
REHABILITATION INTERVENTIONS AND THEIR EFFICACY......Page 537
SPECIAL POPULATIONS......Page 553
ETHICAL ISSUES......Page 555
SUMMARY......Page 556
12. OTHER CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL DISORDERS......Page 565
DISORDERS OF THE MOTOR UNIT......Page 566
PARKINSON’S DISEASE......Page 575
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS......Page 577
PEDIATRIC DISEASES......Page 583
BALANCE DISORDERS......Page 585
CONVERSION DISORDERS WITH NEUROLOGIC SYMPTOMS......Page 588
SUMMARY......Page 589
A......Page 597
B......Page 598
C......Page 600
D......Page 601
E......Page 602
G......Page 603
H......Page 604
M......Page 605
N......Page 607
P......Page 609
S......Page 611
T......Page 615
V......Page 616
Z......Page 617
