Volume 2 of TERB 3ed covers the convergence of telephony and data transport, including wireless networks. Now that data is becoming the predominant source of traffic more efficient multiplexing schemes and more flexible control methods are needed in the transport network, such as giving the customer the ability to call for bandwidth on demand. With the development of control methods for switched data services it is now recognised that improved ways to control the transport network are possible and standards initiatives are taking place to establish and improve the network control layer. Detailed explanation of propagation in wireless and optical fibre systems requires a substantial amount of mathematics, also covered in this volume. For each of the math chapters there is an explanation of why the mathematics is important, where it is applied and references to other chapters. * AUTHORITATIVE: All contributors are recognized experts in their field and come from leading institutions.* INTERNATIONAL: In this age of globalization and standardization, special attention has been paid-both topically and authorially--to ensure the broad applicability and relevance of this material. * EXHAUSTIVE: A thorough reference describing the convergence of telephony and data transport, including wireless networks.
Author(s): Goff Hill
Edition: 3
Year: 2008
Language: English
Pages: 464
Front cover......Page 1
The Cable and Telecommunications Professionals’ Reference: Transport Networks......Page 4
Copyright page......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
Contributors......Page 14
Part 1......Page 20
Speech-Coding Principles......Page 22
Pulse Code Modulation......Page 28
Multiplexing......Page 38
Transmission Performance......Page 43
Resources......Page 46
Introduction......Page 48
Data Transmission Basics......Page 49
Transmission Performance......Page 62
Timing and Synchronization......Page 65
Trends in Data Transmission......Page 71
Resources......Page 72
Digital Representation of Video......Page 74
Raw Digital Video: Motivation for Compression......Page 75
Compression Overview......Page 76
Spatial, Temporal, and Statistical Redundancy......Page 81
Structure of the Coded Information......Page 90
Video Transport over the Internet......Page 92
Countering Loss Effects......Page 100
References......Page 102
Principles of ECC......Page 104
Block Coding......Page 107
Cyclic Codes......Page 111
Convolutional Codes......Page 116
Turbo and LDPC Codes......Page 119
Encryption......Page 121
Spread-Spectrum Systems......Page 123
References......Page 125
Part 2: Transmission Media......Page 128
The Structure and Physics of an Optical Fiber......Page 130
Material Characteristics of Fibers—Losses......Page 134
Material Characteristics of Fibers—Dispersion......Page 137
Multimode Fibers......Page 139
Single-Mode Fibers......Page 146
Special Single-Mode Fibers......Page 150
Special Fibers......Page 152
Nonlinear Optical Effects in Fibers......Page 153
Future Evolution of Optical Fiber Communications......Page 162
References......Page 163
Introduction......Page 164
Single-Channel Transmission......Page 165
Wavelength Division Multiplexing......Page 169
Amplification in Optical Systems......Page 174
Amplifier Noise in Optical Systems......Page 179
Bit Error Rate......Page 186
Chromatic Dispersion: System Implications......Page 195
Chromatic Dispersion: Mitigation......Page 200
Polarization Mode Dispersion......Page 208
Nonlinear Optical Transmission......Page 215
Modulation Formats......Page 219
Forward Error Correction......Page 222
System Design and Implementation......Page 225
Resources......Page 231
Fundamental Laws of Electromagnetism......Page 238
Generation of Electromagnetic Waves......Page 245
Reception of Electromagnetic Waves......Page 254
The Space Wave......Page 256
The Sky Wave......Page 266
Ground Waves and Surface Waves......Page 270
References......Page 275
Introduction......Page 276
The Radio Frequency Spectrum......Page 277
Free-Space Propagation......Page 278
The Propagation Medium......Page 280
Low- and Medium-Frequency Ground Waves......Page 282
High-Frequency Sky Wave Propagation......Page 284
Terrestrial Line-of-Site Propagation......Page 288
Over-the-Horizon Transmissions......Page 292
Conclusion......Page 294
References......Page 295
Types of Antenna......Page 296
Basic Properties......Page 298
Generic Antenna Types......Page 299
Adaptive Arrays......Page 304
Reflective Antenna Types......Page 311
Satellite Antennas for Telemetry, Tracking, and Command......Page 321
References......Page 326
Part 3: Network Technologies......Page 328
Introduction......Page 330
SONET and SDH: Similarities and Differences......Page 331
The Basis of SONET and SDH......Page 332
SDH Standards......Page 337
Control and Management......Page 351
SDH-Based Networks......Page 353
Conclusion......Page 360
Introduction......Page 362
Concatenation......Page 363
Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme......Page 370
Generic Framing Procedure......Page 374
Resources......Page 378
Introduction to WAN Services......Page 380
Overlay Network Concepts......Page 382
Frame Relay Services......Page 387
X.25 Services......Page 388
Asynchronous Transfer Mode......Page 389
Commercial ATM/Frame Relay Services Example......Page 390
ISDN Basic Rate and Primary Rate......Page 392
References......Page 393
Introduction......Page 396
The MPLS Architecture......Page 400
Signaling......Page 406
Traffic Engineering......Page 408
MPLS Virtual Private Networks......Page 416
References......Page 421
Introduction......Page 422
What Is Carrier-Grade Ethernet?......Page 423
Ethernet Service Framework......Page 424
Operations, Administration, and Maintenance......Page 426
The Evolution of Ethernet......Page 428
Protection Mechanisms......Page 434
Next Generation Ethernet Transmission......Page 438
References......Page 439
List of Acronyms......Page 442
Index......Page 448
