This book describes the future of the Artemis Lunar Program from the years 2017 to about 2030. Despite the uncertainty of the times and the present state of space exploration, it is likely that what is presented in this book will actually happen, to one degree or another. As history has taught us, predictions are often difficult, but one can see enough into the future to be somewhat accurate. As the Bible says, “We see thru the glass, but darkly.”
All of the elements of the proposed program are described from several perspectives: NASA’s, the commercial space industry and our International partners. Also included are descriptions of the many vehicles, habitats, landers, payloads and experiments. The book tells the story of the buildup of a very small space station in a strange new lunar orbit and the descent of payloads and humans, including the first women and next man, to the lunar surface with the intent to evolve a sustained presence over time.
Author(s): Manfred ”Dutch” von Ehrenfried
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2020
Language: English
Pages: 321
Tags: Artemis program, NASA lunar gateway, NASA moon missions, NASA lunar missions, returning to the moon, human missions to the moon, space exploration, human lunar exploration, artemis commercial crew, moon to mars, artemis mission timeline, artemis gateway vehicles, artemis gateway lander
Other Springer-Praxis Books by Manfred “Dutch” von Ehrenfried
Acknowledgments
Preface
Contents
1: Introduction
2: The Artemis Lunar Program Overview
2.1 NASA’S CONCEPT
2.2 SUMMARY OF THE ELEMENTS
2.2.1 Space Launch System
2.2.2 Artemis 1 Orion
2.2.3 Power and Propulsion Element
2.2.4 Habitat Design Status
2.2.5 Human Landing System
2.3 THE CONTROVERSY
2.3.1 Arguments For
2.3.2 Arguments Against
2.3.3 Alternatives
2.4 THE BUDGET
2.5 POLITICS
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3: Spacecraft, Landers, Rovers and Payloads
3.1 COMMERCIAL SPACECRAFT
3.1.1 Boeing CST-100 Starliner
3.1.2 SpaceX Crew Dragon
3.1.3 Sierra Nevada’s Dream Chaser
3.2 COMMERCIAL LUNAR PAYLOAD SERVICES
3.2.1 The Chosen Nine for Transportation
3.2.2 The Chosen Three for Payload Landers
3.2.3 Five Additional Payload Contractors
3.2.4 Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover (VIPER)
3.2.5 Pallet Lander
3.3 COMMERCIAL PAYLOADS AND INSTRUMENTS
3.4 LUNAR SCIENCE PARTICIPATION
3.5 LANDING SITES
3.5.1 South Pole-Aitken Basin
3.5.2 Shackleton Crater
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4: Elements, Landers, Launch Vehicles and Upper Stages
4.1 POWER AND PROPULSION ELEMENT (PPE)
4.1.1 The Maxar Design
4.2 HABITAT AND LOGISICS MODULES
4.2.1 Lockheed Martin’s MPLM Based Design
4.2.2 Northrop Grumman’s Cygnus Based Design
4.2.3 Boeing’s Exploration Habitat Demonstrator Design
4.2.4 Sierra Nevada Corporation’s LIFE Design
4.2.5 Bigelow Aerospace’s BEAM Design
4.2.6 NanoRacks’ Propellant Tank Based Design
4.2.7 International Modules
4.3 CREW LANDERS AND TRANSFER ELEMENT STUDIES
4.3.1 NASA Crew Lander Studies
4.3.2 Industry Studies
4.3.3 Crewed Rovers
4.4 LAUNCH VEHICLES
4.4.1 ULA’s Vulcan Centaur
4.4.2 Blue Origin’s New Glenn
4.4.3 Northrup Grumman’s OmegA
4.4.4 SpaceX Super Heavy/Starship
4.4.5 Ariane 6
4.4.6 Russian Launch Vehicles
4.5 UPPER STAGES
4.5.1 Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage
4.5.2 Exploration Upper Stage
4.5.3 Centaur Upper Stage
4.5.4 Advanced Cryogenic Evolved Stage
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5: NASA and Commercial Crew Development
5.1 CREW SELECTION AND TRAINING
5.2 COMMERCIAL CREW ISS MISSIONS
5.3 ARTEMIS MISSIONS
5.4 THE NEXT GENERATION SPACE SUIT
5.5 COMMERCIAL CREW SPACE SUITS
5.6 CREW HEALTH
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6: Artemis Lessons for Exploration
6.1 UTILITY OF THE GATEWAY
6.2 SUSTAINABILITY
6.3 IMPACT ON FUTURE HARDWARE DESIGN
6.3.1 Technology
6.4 LONG DURATION SCIENCE OPERATIONS
6.4.1 Findings and Recommendations
6.4.2 Biological Concerns and Lessons
6.5 LAUNCH VEHICLE PAYLOAD CAPABILITY
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7: Enabling Technology Advances
7.1 NASA PROGRAMS
7.1.1 NASA Industry Partnerships
7.1.2 Industry Awards
7.2 NAVIGATION AND PRECISION LANDING
7.3 DEEP SPACE ATOMIC CLOCK
7.4 IN-SITU RESOURCE UTILIZATION
7.5 LUNAR POWER
7.5.1 Batteries
7.5.2 Solar Power
7.5.3 Nuclear Power
7.5.4 Regenerative Fuel Cells
7.6 PROTECTION FROM RADIATION
7.6.1 Sources
7.6.2 Personal Protection
7.6.3 Orion
7.6.4 Ground Support
7.6.5 Lunar Surface
7.7 ADVANCES IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS
7.8 LUNAR ICECUBE
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8: Artemis Influence on Mars Planning
8.1 MISSION CONCEPTS AND PLANS
8.1.1 History
8.2 TECHNOLOGIES AND CAPABILITIES
8.3 ARTEMIS SCIENCE INFLUENCE ON MARS
8.4 ROBOTICS
8.4.1 The Swamp Works Robots
8.4.2 Lunabotics
8.5 REGOLITH MINING AND PROCESSING
8.6 3D PRINTING
8.6.1 Regolith Printing
8.6.2 European Space Agency 3D Studies
8.6.3 Making Parts on Earth
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9: Conclusions
Appendix 1
The National Space Council’s Role in Artemis and Mars
Appendix 2
Community Letter to Congress Regarding NASA’s Lunar Discovery and Exploration Program
Appendix 3
NASA’s Gateway Memorandum for the Record
Introduction
Strategy: Gateway Based Exploration in Partnership
Forward Plans
Appendix 4
Near Rectilinear Halo Orbit
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Appendix 5
Solar Electric Propulsion and Hall Effect Thrusters
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Appendix 6
Technology
2020 Technology Taxonomy
Thermal Protection Systems
The Orion Heat Shield
The SpaceX Dragon Heat Shield
The Boeing Starliner Heat Shield
The Dream Chaser Heat Shield
Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell
GaLORE
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Space
Swarmies
Electrodynamic Dust Shield
Dust to Thrust
Cryogenic fuels
Zero Boil-Off Tank
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Appendix 7
Timeline
Appendix 8
Artemis Mythology
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Appendix 9
The Moon Village Association
Purpose
The Principles
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Appendix 10
The Chinese Lunar Program
Scientific Payloads
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Appendix 11
Crew Selection: A History and Prediction
The First Cosmonauts
The First Mercury Astronauts
SELECTION CRITERIA AND QUALIFICATIONS
Basic Qualification Requirements (in NASA-speak)
Academic Requirements
Citizenship Requirements
Selection
General Program Requirements
Pay and Benefits
Civilian
Military
NUMBER AND TYPES OF CREW
OTHER CREW POSITIONS
NASA Management Astronauts
Partner Astronauts (International Astronauts)
Commercial Partner Astronauts
TRAINING
Current Training for the ISS
Basic Training
Advanced Training
Intensive Training
Current JSC Training Facilities
Neutral Buoyance Laboratory
Space Vehicle Mockup Facility
Jack Garn Mission Simulator and Training Facility
Europe
LONG DURATION MISSION TO MARS
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Appendix 12
Quotes
NASA Advisory Council
Lunar and Planetary Institute
FAA
The Mars Institute
Department of Energy
Associations
National Research Council
Artemis Contractors
University Reports
Other Reports
Internet Links
Videos
On robots
On radiation
On power
Glossary
About the Author
Index
