the 12 lead ECG

Front Cover
The 12-Lead ECG in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Copyright
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Reviewers for the Fourth Edition
Contents
Chapter 1 Reviewing the Basics
Structure of the heart
Heart Chambers
Heart Valves
Heart Surfaces
Coronary Arteries
Right Coronary Artery
Left Coronary Artery
Coronary Artery Dominance
Coronary Veins
Cardiac cycle
Atrial Systole and Diastole
Ventricular Systole and Diastole
Electrophysiology review
Depolarization
Repolarization
The Cardiac Action Potential
Conduction system
Ectopic Pacemakers
Waveforms, complexes, segments, and intervals
Assessing regularity
Determining rate
References
Quick review
Answers
Chapter 2 Leads, Axis, and Acquisition of the 12-Lead ECG
The electrocardiogram
Frontal Plane Leads
Horizontal Plane Leads
Layout of the 12-lead ECG
Right Chest Leads
Posterior Chest Leads
Vectors and axis
Cabrera Display Format
What each lead “sees”
Contiguous Leads
Reciprocal Leads
12-lead ECG acquisition
Goal 1: Clear
Goal 2: Accurate
Electrode Positioning
Incorrect Electrode Positioning
Patient Positioning
Frequency Response
Goal 3: Fast
Quick review
Answers
References
Chapter 3 Acute Coronary Syndromes
Coronary heart disease
Ischemic heart disease
Clinical Features
Diagnosis
Stable Angina
Variant Angina
Microvascular Angina
Acute coronary syndromes
Clinical Features
Diagnosis
Cardiac Biomarkers
12-Lead ECG
Unstable Angina and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
12-Lead ECG
ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
12-lead ECG
Localizing a Myocardial Infarction
Anterior Infarction
Inferior Infarction
Right Ventricular Infarction
Lateral Infarction
Inferobasal Infarction
Exceptions
Initial management of acute coronary syndromes
Prehospital Management
Emergency Department Management
Quick review
Practice ECGs
Case studies
References
Chapter 4 ST-Elevation Variants
Introduction
Ventricular hypertrophy
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Bundle branch blocks
Structures of the Intraventricular Conduction System
Bundle Branch Activation
Significance of Bundle Branch Block
Electrocardiographic Criteria
Differentiating RBBB From LBBB
Right Bundle Branch Block
Left Bundle Branch Block
An Easier Way
Concordance
Sgarbossa Criteria
Exceptions
Fascicular Blocks
Left Anterior Fascicular Block
Left Posterior Fascicular Block
Trifascicular Block
Ventricular rhythms
Ventricular Paced Rhythm
Benign early repolarization
Electrocardiographic Criteria
Clinical Presentation
Pericarditis
Electrocardiographic Criteria
Clinical Presentation
What should you do now?
References
Quick review
Case studies
Chapter 5 Practice ECGs
12-Lead analysis
Clinical Presentation
Practice ECGs
Interpretation of Practice ECGs
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Index