The IBM project LILOG presented in this volume represents a fundamental stepbeyond computer science as hitherto understood. It was a successful project in every respect and has shed light on conjectured basic interrelations between knowledge processing and language definition. Knowledge processing is strongly coupled to the natural language used, and for applied knowledge processing an information base is neededwhich defines the semantic contents and interrelations of the language. The LILOG project was an implementation of an information basein the German language. A set of tools was also developed to work with the system, including structured man-machine interfaces using natural language, inference algorithms, and a complete subsystem to acquire and store the required knowledge. The LILOG project started in 1985 and a functional system was demonstrated in 1991. The project involved approximately 200 of the scientists working in Germany in the fields of computational linguistics, natural language understanding systems, and artificial intelligence. The project proves that a cooperative project between universities and industry can produce useful results both in pure research and in implemented methods and tools.
Author(s): Claus-Rainer Rollinger, Otthein Herzog (auth.), Otthein Herzog, Claus-Rainer Rollinger (eds.)
Series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science 546
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
Year: 1991
Language: English
Pages: 744
Tags: Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics); Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages; Database Management; Programming Techniques; Software Engineering
Introducing LILOG....Pages 1-13
Text understanding — The challenges to come....Pages 14-28
A formalism for natural language — STUF....Pages 29-38
The language of STUF....Pages 39-50
Chart-parsing of STUF grammars....Pages 51-54
The STUF workbench....Pages 55-62
Unification-ID/LP grammars: Formalization and parsing....Pages 63-73
A flexible parser for a Linguistic Development Environment....Pages 74-87
Gap-Handling mechanisms in categorial grammars....Pages 88-101
Outlines of the LEU/2 lexicology....Pages 103-111
Morphological processing in the two-level paradigm....Pages 112-126
Representing word meanings....Pages 127-142
Sortal information in lexical concepts....Pages 143-152
Incremental vocabulary extensions in text understanding systems....Pages 153-166
Managing lexical knowledge in LEU/2....Pages 167-179
The grammars of LILOG....Pages 180-199
An alternative phrase structure account of symmetric coordination....Pages 200-215
Verb order and head movement....Pages 216-240
The Bermuda Triangle: Natural language semantics between linguistics, knowledge representation, and knowledge processing....Pages 241-258
Presupposition, anaphora, and lexical content....Pages 259-296
Anaphora and domain restriction....Pages 297-312
On representing the temporal structure of texts....Pages 313-341
The treatment of plurality in L LILOG ....Pages 342-352
The knowledge representation language L LILOG ....Pages 352-379
Knowledge packets and knowledge packet structures....Pages 380-393
Deductive aspects of three-valued logic....Pages 394-401
The LILOG inference engine....Pages 402-427
Knowledge based control of the LILOG inference engine: Kinds of metaknowledge....Pages 428-438
Attributive description formalisms ... and the rest of the world....Pages 439-452
The background knowledge of the LILOG system....Pages 452-463
The LILOG ontology from a linguistic point of view....Pages 464-481
A knowledge engineering environment for LILOG....Pages 482-489
Knowledge engineering in the context of related fields of research....Pages 490-500
LILOG-DB: Database support for knowledge based systems....Pages 501-594
Processing of spatial expressions in LILOG....Pages 594-608
Phenomena of localization....Pages 609-620
Verbs of motion and position: On the optionality of the local argument....Pages 621-631
Why a hill can't be a valley: Representing gestalt and position properties of objects with object schemata....Pages 632-644
Object-oriented representation of depictions on the basis of cell matrices....Pages 645-656
Integrating a generation component into a natural language understanding system....Pages 657-669
From knowledge structures to text structures....Pages 670-684
The formulator....Pages 685-700
Constructing a context for LEU/2....Pages 701-710
The text understanding system LEU/2....Pages 711-718
The trace of building a large AI system....Pages 719-733
