Medicinal chemists around the world have been inspired by nature and have successfully extracted chemicals from plants. Research on enzymatic modifications of naturally occurring compounds has played a critical role in the search for biologically active molecules to treat diseases.
This book set explores compounds of interest to researchers and clinicians. It presents a comprehensive analysis about the medicinal chemistry (drug design, structure-activity relationships, permeability data, cytotoxicity, appropriate statistical procedures, molecular modelling studies) of different compounds. Each chapter brings contributions from known scientists explaining experimental results which can be translated into clinical practice.
Volume 2 presents (1) a detailed overview of the polypharmacology of sesquiterpenes, (2) an interesting journey around the globe of cannabinoids revealing the development of new synthetic Δ9-THC derivatives, (3) the design of specific formulations to overcome the volatility of small sized terpenes-based essential oils, (4) an update on the latest generation of endoperoxides that display antimalarial activity and, finally, (5) a summary of MedChem strategies to fix common issues faced in formulating terpene derivatives (such as low potency and poor solubility).
The objective of this book is to fulfil gaps in current knowledge with updated information from recent years. It serves as a guide for academic and professional researchers and clinicians.
Author(s): Simone Carradori
Series: Medicinal Chemistry Lessons From Nature
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 248
City: Singapore
Cover
Title
Copyright
End User License Agreement
Contents
Foreword
Preface
List of Contributors
Sesquiterpenes: a Terpene Subclass with Multifaceted Bioactivities
Antonella Di Sotto1,*, Federico De Paolis1, Marco Gullì1, Annabella Vitalone1 and Silvia Di Giacomo1
INTRODUCTION
SESQUITERPENES
CARYOPHYLLANE SESQUITERPENES
Chemistry and Distribution in Nature
Pharmacological Properties
SESQUITERPENE LACTONES
Chemistry and Distribution in Nature
Pharmacological Properties
EREMOPHYLANE SESQUITERPENES
Chemistry and Distribution in Nature
Pharmacological Properties
Safety and Toxicological Concerns of Sesquiterpenes
CONCLUDING REMARKS
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
REFERENCES
From Δ9-THC to Synthetic Cannabinoids: Multi-Faceted Therapeutic Agents and Versatile Scaffolds for Drug Discovery
Niccolò Chiaramonte1,* and Nathalie Saraiva Rosa2
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY OF CANNABIS SATIVA L.
Biogenesis of Phytocannabinoids
Total Synthesis of Δ9-THC
Cannabinoid Receptors
Endocannabinoid System
Synthetic Cannabinoids
INFERRING THE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP: CLASSICAL CANNABINOIDS DERIVED FROM Δ9-THC AND Δ8-THC
Tricycle Scaffold
Geminal Dimethyl Function
Methyl Group in 9
C-1 Hydroxyl Group
C-3 alkyl chain
CONCLUSION
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
Encapsulation of Essential Oils within Lipid-Based Formulations for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity
Patrizia Paolicelli1,*, Stefania Petralito1, Jordan Trilli1, Laura Di Muzio1, Stefania Garzoli1 and Maria Antonietta Casadei1
INTRODUCTION
TERPENE HYDROCARBONS
Oxygenated Compounds
NANOENCAPSULATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS
Liposomes
SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES AND NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS
Nanoemulsions and Microemulsions
CONCLUDING REMARKS
CONSENT OF PUBLICATION
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Antimalarial Endoperoxides: from Natural Sesquiterpene Drugs to a Rising Generation of Synthetic Congeners
Grazia Luisi1,*
INTRODUCTION
THE NATURE-DERIVED MAINSTAYS OF ANTIMALARIAL THERAPY
SESQUITERPENE LACTONE ENDOPEROXIDES: A NATURAL SOURCE OF 1,2,4-TRIOXANE-CONTAINING ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS
The Class of Sesquiterpene Lactones
Sesquiterpene Lactone Endoperoxides: the Artemisinin Family
The Discovery of the Nobel Molecule
The Bioactivity Profile of Artemisinin
The Production of Artemisinin
Uncovering Artemisinin Structure and Key Determinants for Activity
The Mechanism of Plasmocidal Action
Resistance to Artemisinin
Artemisinin Derivatives and Analogs
Artemisinin Combination Therapy
Artemisinin Molecular Hybrids
Artemisinin Dimers and Trimers
1,2-DIOXANE-, 1,2-DIOXOLANE-, 1,2,4-TRIOXANE-, 1,2,4-TRIOXOLANE-, AND 1,2,4,5-TETRAOXANE-BASED SYNTHETIC ENDOPEROXIDES AS ANTIMALARIAL CANDIDATES
Dioxanes and Dioxolanes
TRIOXANES AND TRIOXOLANES
Trioxanes
Trioxolanes
Tetraoxanes
CONCLUSION
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
Subject Index
Back Cover
