Tarascon Pocket Cardiologica

Tarascon Pocket Cardiologica
Title page
Copyright page
Contents
Contributors
Section I: Diagnostics and Evaluation
Chapter 1: Introduction: Signs and Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease
Introduction
Goals of Evaluation and Treatment
Symptoms
Signs and Syndromes
Organization of this Book
Chapter 2: The Physical Examination of the Heart
Introduction
Arterial Pulse Examination
Jugular Venous Pulsation (JVP)
Heart Sounds
Heart Murmurs
Chapter 3: Electrocardiography
Introduction
What Is the ECG? What Are Those Waves?
Recording the ECG
The ECG Output
Reading the El ectrocardiogram: bRRAICE Yourself
Chapter 4: Ambulatory ECG Monitoring
Introduction
Holter Monitoring
Event/Loop Monitoring
Continuous Extended Monitoring
Implantable Loop Recorder
Chapter 5: ECG Exercise Stress Testing
Introduction
Indications for ECG Stress Testing
Contraindications
Preparation
Exercise
ECG Interpretation
Evaluation of Functional Status and Prognosis
Pharmacologic Stress Testing
Imaging
Chapter 6: Cardiac Imaging
Introduction
Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)
Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE)
Cardiac Radionuclide Imaging
Cardiac Computerized Tomography (CT)
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMR)
Chapter 7: Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography
Introduction
Indications
Contraindications
Techniques
Angiography
Complications
Chapter 8: The Electrophysiology Study
Introduction
Recorded Electrograms (Figure 8-1)
Bradycardias
Tachycardias
Chapter 9: Perioperative Cardiac Evaluation
Goals of Evaluation
Functional Capacity
Surgical Risk for Noncardiac Procedures (Table 9-2)
Chapter 10: Preventive Cardiology
General Principles
Risk Assessment
Methods of Risk Assessment
Risk Factor Modification
Initial Drug Therapy and Compelling Indications for Specific Anti-Hypertensives: From JNC VII Express
Section II: Cardiovascular Syndromes
Chapter 11: Ischemic Heart Disease and Stable Angina
Ischemic Heart Disease
Angina
Classification of Angina
Chronic Stable Angina
Prinzmetal’s Variant Angina
Chapter 12: Acute Coronary Syndromes
Introduction
Signs and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Diagnostic Testing
Risk Stratification for UA/NSTEMI
Treatment
Chapter 13: Heart Failure
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Chronic Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathy
Adva nced Therapeutic Management of HF
Chapter 14: Cardiomyopathy
Introduction
Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM )
Chapter 15: Valvular Heart Disease
Introduction
Aortic Stenosis (AS)
Aortic Regurgitation (AR) or Aortic Insufficiency (AI)
Mitral Stenosis (MS)
Mitral Regurgitation (MR)
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Chapter 16: Infectious Endocarditis
Introduction
Organisms Most Commonly Causing Endocarditis
Presentation and Clinical Manifestations
Modified Duke Criteria for Diagnosis for Infectious Endocarditis
Therapy
Prophylactic Therapy
Antibiotic Prophylactic Regimens
Chapter 17: Bradyarrhythmias
Introduction
Sinus Node Dysfunction (Bradycardic Disorders of Impulse Formation)
AV Conduction Disorders (Bradycardic Disorders of Impulse Propagation)
Therapy
Chapter 18: Tachyarrhythmias
Introduction
Mechanisms of Tachyarrhythmias
Classification of Tachyarrhythmias
Supraventricular Tachycardias (SVTs)
Ventricular Tachycardias (VTs)
Reading the ECG in Tachycardia
Therapies for SVT
Therapies for VT/VF
Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Chapter 19: Syncope
Definition and Incidence
The Problem of Diagnosing Syncope
Possible Causes of Syncope
Evaluation of Syncope
Algorithm for Evaluating and Treating Syncope
Chapter 20: Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Introduction
Epidemiology
Mechanism and Substrate
Therapy
Prevention
Chapter 21: Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Introduction
Acyanotic Lesions
Atrial Septal Defects
Ventricular Septal Defects
Atrioventricular Septal Defects (Endocardial Cushion Defect)
Coarctation of the Aorta
Cyanotic Lesions
Tetralogy of Fallot
Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)
Therapeutic Procedures
Single Ventricle Physiology and the Fontan Surgery
Eisenmenger Syndrome
Other Lesions
Other Issues in ACHD
Chapter 22: Pericardial Disorders
Anatomy of the Pericardium
Acute Pericarditis
Treatment
Cardiac Tamponade
Constrictive Pericarditis
Chapter 23: Peripheral Arterial and Renal Artery Disease
Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
Subcl avian/Upper Extremity Disease
Other Less Common PAD
Peripheral Arterial and Renal Artery Disease
Chapter 24: Aortic Disease and Mesenteric Ischemia
Aortic Dissection
Aortic Intramural Hematoma
Penetrating Aortic Ulcer
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Mesenteric Arterial Disease
Treatment
Chapter 25: Carotid Disease
Introduction
Symptomatic Carotid Disease
Asymptomatic Carotid Disease
Medical Therapy
Carotid Revascularization
Carotid Artery Stenting
Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency
Chapter 26: Pulmonary Hypertension
Definition of Pulmonary Hypertension
Pathophysiology and Classification
History
Physical Findings
Electrocardiogram
Chest X-ray
Diagnostic Evaluation
Therapy
Section III: Cardiovascular Therapeutics
Chapter 27: Coronary Revascularization
Introduction
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Recommended Guidelines for Revascularization
Chapter 28: Pacemaker Therapy
Introduction
Indications for Permanent Pacemaker (PPM)
Indications for Temporary Pacing
Pacemaker Basics
Classification of Most Common PPM Modes
Interrogation and Programming of Implanted Pacemakers
Troubleshooting Implanted Pacemakers
Transvenous Pacemaker Implantation
Complications Post-Implantation
Chapter 29: Cardiac Resynchronization for Heart Failure
Dyssynchrony and Congestive Heart Failure
Effects of Resynchronization
Left Ventricular Pacing Lead Implantation
AV Optimization
Indications for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Right Bundle Branch Block
Other Indicators of Dyssynchrony
Chapter 30: Implantable Defibrillator Therapy
Introduction
Clinical Trials of ICDs for Primary and Secondary Prevention of SCD and Indications
Implantation Techniques/Lead Placement/DFT Testing
ICD Function
ICD Interrogation and Troubleshooting
Perioperative/Periprocedure Management
Chapter 31: Management of Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter
Introduction
Therapy Modalities
Urgent/Immediate Treatment of AF
Atrial Flutter
Chapter 32: Catheter Ablation of Arrhythmias
Introduction
The Catheters
Energy Sources
Cryothermal Energy
References
Further Reading
Section IV: Supplement: Bedside Procedures
Chapter 33: The Seldinger Technique for Vascular Access
Tips
Chapter 34: Central Venous Catheterization
Indications for Central Venous Catheters
Contraindications of Central Venous Catheter Placement
Equipment
General Technique for Central Line Placement in All Locations
Internal Jugular Vein Catheters
Subclavian Vein Catheters
Femoral Vein Catheters
Complications
Coding
References
Chapter 35: Arterial Line Placement
Indications
Contraindications
Equipment
Technique for Radial Arterial Line
Technique for Femoral or Brachial Arterial Lines
Complications
Coding
References
Chapter 36: Right Heart Catheterization
Contraindications
Procedure for Right Heart Catheterization
References
Chapter 37: Urgent Temporary Pacing
Chapter 38: Cardioversion
Risks
Elective Cardioversion
Urgent Cardioversion
Chapter 39: Pericardiocentesis
Etiologies of Pericarditis Associated with Large Pericardial Effusions
Indications
Contraindications
Complications
Equipment
Technique
Laboratory Analysis of Pericardial Fluid
Coding
References
Chapter 40: Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Support
Indications
Contraindications
Operat ing the Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP)
Section V: Supplement: Cardiac Emergencies
Chapter 41: Hypertensive Emergencies
Diagnosis
Etiology
References
Chapter 42: Shock
Chapter 43: Diagnosing the Wide Complex Tachycardia
References
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Code Algorithms
Basic Life Support for Medical Professionals
Advanced Cardiac Life Support
References