Tailings Management Handbook : A LifeCycle Approach
Kimberly Finke Morrison
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As long as we have mining and mineral processing, tailings and the responsible management thereof will remain at the forefront, with a company’s environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in part a reflection of how well tailings risks are being managed. The Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (GISTM) was published in August 2020, aiming to prevent catastrophic failure of tailings facilities by providing operators with specified measures and approaches throughout the mine life cycle, taking into account multiple stakeholder perspectives. In 2021, the International Council on Mining & Metals (ICMM) published the Tailings Management: Good Practice Guide intended to support safe, responsible management of tailings across the global mining industry, providing guidance on good governance and engineering practices to support continual improvement in tailings storage facility (TSF) management and help foster and strengthen the safety culture of mining companies. The Tailings Management Handbook is important and timely because there is no other comprehensive resource rooted in these new fundamentals and global principles for tailings management. Tailings management requires interdisciplinary and cross-functional understanding and support, which is apparent throughout this handbook. Dive into the wealth of information contributed by more than 100 world-renowned experts, beautifully crafted into a full-color handbook that focuses on the basics, life-cycle planning, site and tailings characterization, TSF design and construction, as well as systems and operations of TSFs. The inclusion of 42 case studies is an added plus with real-world successes and lessons learned.
Author(s): Kimberly Finke Morrison
Publisher: School of mining metallurgy exploration
Year: 2022
Cover
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Editor
Contributing Authors
Technical Reviewers
PART I: Basics
What Are Tailings?
Influences of Water Management
Mineral and Tailings Processing
Overview of Tailings Management
Conventional Tailings Management
Dewatered Tailings
In-Pit Tailings Management
Underground Mine Backfill
Other Tailings Management Approaches
PART II: Life-Cycle Planning
Stage-Gate Process
Environmental Permitting and Regulatory Drivers
Sizing and Layout
Site and Technology Selection Studies
Tailings Breach Studies and Inundation Mapping
Emergency Preparedness and Response Planning
Closure Planning and Landform Design
Future of Tailings Management
Part III: Site and Tailings Characterization
Site Characterization
Seismic Hazard Assessment
Climate and Hydrology
Hydrogeologic Studies
Karst Hydrogeology and Geohazards
Foundation Characterization
Tailings Laboratory Characterization
Characterization of In-Place Tailings
PART IV: Design and Construction
Design Basis Documentation
Uncertainty and Reliability-Based Design
Geotechnical Design Analyses
Water Balance
Hydrotechnical Design
Liner Systems
Filters, Drains, and Pipes
Tailings Deposition Planning
Water Reclaim Systems
Construction Quality Management
PART V: Systems and Operations
Tailings Management Systems
Risk Assessment and Risk Management
Operational Considerations
Operations, Maintenance, and Surveillance Manual
Observational Method
Monitoring Systems and Instrumentation
Systems Approach to Tailings Management
PART VI: Case Studies
Anatomy of a Tailings Reclamation Project: San Xavier Tailings Storage Facilities
CBMM Dam 8 Niobium Tailings Storage Facility Design, Minas Gerais, Brazil
CBMM Integrated Monitoring Center Provides Continuous Real-Time Dam Monitoring, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Cerro Verde Expansion Project, Cerro Verde Mine, Arequipa, Peru
Closure of a Conventional Tailings Storage Facility in a Seismically Active Tropical Environment, Marlin Mine, San Marcos, Guatemala
Cone Penetration Test Results Reflect Operational Improvements, Peñsaquito Mine, Mexi
Conversion from Conventional Slurry to Thickened Tailings Deposition, Musselwhite Mine, Ontario, Canada
Conversion of a Tailings Storage Facility from a Cycloned Embankment to Earth Fill
Design and Closure Considerations, Bunkers Hill In-Pit Tailings Storage Facility, Tanami Operations, Northern Territory, Australia
Evolution of Brazilian Tailings Regulations in Response to Failures
Geological Constraints on the Cadia Slump and Implications for Site Characterization, Cadia Valley Operations, Australia
Geotechnical Studies to Improve Understanding of Material Parameters and Tailings Storage Facility Performance and Address Changes in Stability Requirements, Granny Smith Gold Mine, Western Australia
Implementation of Passive Beach Drains, Boddington’s F1/F3 Residue Disposal Area, Australia
Importance of Cross-Functional Communication and Collaboration in Developing a Successful Cemented Paste Backfill Product
Innovative Post-Mining Land Use: Siting Renewable Energy Projects on Reclaimed Tailings Storage Facilities
Integrated Waste Rock Co-Deposition at the Éléonore Mine Tailings Storage Facility to Improve Geotechnical Stability and Facilitate Site Drainage, James Bay, Quebec, Canada
Learnings and Outcomes Córrego do Feijão Iron Ore Mine, Minas Gerais, Brumadinho, Brazil
Management of Wet Cycles at Mine Facilities, Saskatchewan, Canada
Modeling Overland Flow of Tailings Slurries
Modifying a Conceptual Site Model Through Additional Data Analysis and Visualization
Omai Tailings Embankment Failure, Guyana
Open Pit Co-Deposition Closure Backfill, Marlin Mine, San Marcos, Guatemala
Precipitation Forecasting for Tailings Storage Facility Water Management
Process Safety Approach to Tailings Management: Critical Control Reporting
Quantifying Uncertainty in Groundwater Heads Beneath a Tailings Storage Facility, Arizona, United States
Repurposing Tailings and Other Earth Material Waste into Ceramics
Rock-Fill Dam Construction at a Tailings Storage Facility, Bagdad Mine, Arizona, United States
Sand Tailings Deposition Through L Lines on Slopes on High Embankments, Cerro Verde Mine, Arequipa, Peru
Seismic Behavior of Chilean Downstream-Constructed Tailings Sand Dams
Seismic Deformation Analysis of Tailings Impoundment No. 2, Mine Niobec, Canada
Sierrita Buttress Design and Construction, Sierrita Mine, Green Valley, Arizona, United States
Stava Tailings Basins Failure, Stava, Italy
Successful Conversions of Former Slurry Tailings Embankments into Filtered Tailings Storage Facilities, Durango, Mexico
SurfaceDeposition of High-Sulfide Paste Tailings, Neves Corvo Mine, Portugal
Systematic and Sustainable Tailings Storage Facility Dust Control, Peñasquito Mine, Mexico
Tailings Deposition in Open Pits at Cameco’s Key Lake and Rabbit Lake In-Pit Facilities, Northern Saskatchewan, Canada
Tailings Storage Facility Developed Within a Heap Leach Facility, Yanacocha Mine, Peru
Usage of Merged Topographic and Bathymetric Survey Data to Drive Pond Management Strategies
Use of Wick Drains to Stabilize a Filtered Tailings Facility
Upstream Raise Tailings Storage Facility Design Considerations at Newmont’s Tanami Operations, Northern Territory, Australia
Using a Mobile and Enterprise Geographic Information System for Improved Inspection Documentation and Reporting
Utilizing High-Frequency Satellite Imagery to Improve Water Balance Model Calibration and Forecasting
Index
Back Cover
Copyright
Title Page
Dedication
Contents
Chapter 1: ‘I’m thinking’ – Oh, but are you?
Chapter 2: Renegade perception
Chapter 3: The Pushbacker sting
Chapter 4: ‘Covid’: The calculated catastrophe
Chapter 5: There is no ‘virus’
Chapter 6: Sequence of deceit
Chapter 7: War on your mind
Chapter 8: ‘Reframing’ insanity
Chapter 9: We must have it? So what is it?
Chapter 10: Human 2.0
Chapter 11: Who controls the Cult?
Chapter 12: Escaping Wetiko
Postscript
Appendix: Cowan-Kaufman-Morell Statement on Virus Isolation
Bibliography
Index
