This open access book provides a comprehensive analysis of Turkey’s response to Syrian mass migration from 2011 to 2020. It examines internal and external dimensions of the refugee issue in relation to Middle Eastern geopolitics as well as the salience of controlling irregular migration to the European Union. The book focuses on policies and discourses developed in the fields of border management, reception, asylum and protection, and integration of refugees with an emphasis on continuities, ruptures and changes. One of its main goals is to compare differences in policy practices across provinces in order to better capture ways in which Syrian refugees claim agency, develop belonging and experience integration in the context of cultural intimacy, precarity and temporariness. By providing rich empirical evidence, this book provides a valuable resource for students and scholars in migration studies, political science, anthropology, sociology and public administration disciplines as well as policy makers, stakeholders and the general public.
Author(s): Zeynep Şahin-Mencütek, N. Ela Gökalp-Aras, Ayhan Kaya, Susan Beth Rottmann
Series: IMISCOE Research Series
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 174
City: Cham
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Authors
Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Theoretical Framework: ‘Strategic Temporality’ in Governing Mass Migration
1.3 Conceptual Clusters Explaining Migration Governance
1.3.1 Complexity of Governance
1.3.2 Multilevel Governance and the Local Turn as Institutional Components of Strategic Temporality
1.3.3 Stratification and Differential Inclusion as Legal Components of Strategic Temporality
1.3.4 Hospitality and Cultural Intimacy as Discursive Components of Strategic Temporality
1.4 Refugee Agency Amidst Strategic Temporality
1.5 Multiple Policy Fields: Reception, Protection and Integration
1.6 Overview of Literature on Syrians in Turkey
1.7 Data Collection and Research Methodology
1.8 Mapping of the Book
References
Chapter 2: Legislative, Institutional and Political Context
2.1 Legislative Landscape: The Dual Structure of the Asylum Regime
2.1.1 Registration, Status Determination, Rights and Services Available to Asylum Seekers in Turkey
2.2 Institutional Dimension: Multilevelness, State Centrism and Local Turn
2.3 Political and Discursive Context
2.3.1 Geopolitics, Domestic Developments and Changes in Policy Responses
2.3.2 Changes in Political Discourse and Narratives: Temporariness, Permanency and Return
2.3.3 EU-Turkey Relations and Its Impact on Migration and Asylum Policies
2.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Reception
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Formulation of Temporary Protection Policy
3.3 Material Reception Conditions and Practices
3.3.1 Accommodation and Housing
3.3.2 Access to Livelihoods
3.3.3 Formal and Informal Pathways for Employment
3.3.4 Education and Health Care Services
3.3.5 Mobility and Travel
3.4 Discursive Dimensions of Reception: Changes from Guesthood and Cultural Intimacy Framings to Social Tensions and Repatriation
3.4.1 Cultural Intimacy for Syrians as A Way of Combating Temporality
3.4.2 Encounters with Officials, Civil Actors, and The Receiving Society
3.5 Conclusion: Challenges and Prospects
References
Chapter 4: Protection
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Protection Amidst Stratified Legal Statuses, Temporality and Multilevel Governance
4.3 Descriptive Figures Regarding International and Temporary Protection in Turkey
4.4 Administrative Procedure for International and Temporary Protection: From Application to the Final Decision
4.5 Strategic Temporality and International Protection: Reflections from the Field Research
4.5.1 Access to International Protection
4.5.2 Access to Temporary Protection
4.5.3 Restrictive Practices That Block Access to Temporary Protection
4.6 Consequences of Strategic Temporality
4.6.1 Uncertainty
4.6.2 Stratifications Among Refugee Groups
4.6.3 Lack of a Durable Solution: Resettlement and ‘Voluntary’ Return?
4.7 Navigation of Non-state Actors in Temporality
4.8 Conclusion: Challenges and Prospects
References
Chapter 5: Integration
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Strategic Temporality in the Multi-Level Governance of Integration
5.3 The Local Turn in Integration Governance: Differentiated Negotiation of Strategic Temporality
5.4 Agency and Navigations of Strategic Temporality
5.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Conclusion
6.1 Strategic Temporality in and Beyond Turkey’s Refugee Situation
6.2 The Situation of Syrians and the Refugee Regime After 10 Years of Strategic Temporality
6.3 A Perceived Mass Migration ‘Risk’ From Afghanistan in Mid-2021
References
