Svalbard Imaginaries: The Making of an Arctic Archipelago

Acknowledgements
Contents
Notes on Contributors
List of Figures
1 Imaginaries of and in Svalbard: The ‘Making’ of an Archipelago
The Complexity of Imaginaries: Constructing Svalbard
‘Svalbard Research’
Imaginaries of (and in) Svalbard
The Scope of Imaginaries
Themes and Chapters
References
Part I Svalbard in the Arctic: Territory and Sovereignty
2 Between Gateway and Theatre: Geopolitics, History and the Framing of Svalbard
Introduction
Svalbard as Elemental Theatre for Dreamers and Pioneers
From ‘Spitsbergen Question’ to Gateway
Svalbard Between Military Theatre and Gateway
Gateway with a ‘Bear Gap’
Between Theatre and Gateway and a Future Svalbard
References
3 Svalbard as a Norwegian Place and an International Legal Space
Introduction
The Social Imaginary and Imaginaries of International Law
Three Modern Legal Imaginaries and Legal Images of Svalbard and Practices Related to it
The Grotian legal imaginary and Svalbard
The Hobbesian legal imaginary and Svalbard
The Kantian Legal Imaginary and Svalbard
Conclusion
References
Part II Imaginaries Through Images
4 Visuals and Voices Through Time: Imagining Svalbard with Naturrikdom och Kullgrubedrift på 78N (1962–1972)
Introduction
Herta and Naturrikdom och Kullgrubedrift på 78N
Filming Naturrikdom och Kullgrubedrift på 78N
Naturrikdom och Gruvedrift på 78N in the Present
Futures of Naturrikdom och Gruvedrift på 78N
Conclusion
References
5 The Arctic Imaginary as Reflected in the UK Television Series Fortitude
Introduction
Setting the Scene
Situating Fortitude: Nordic Noir
Situating Fortitude: The Series Itself
The Arctic Imaginary (as Portrayed in Film and Other Visual Media)
Locating Fortitude
The Arctic Setting of Fortitude
The Fictional Town of Fortitude
Nature and Environmental Themes: A Setting with Agency?
What Is Actually Going on in Fortitude?
Genre Jumping
People and Themes of Fortitude, Characters and Their Roles as the Plot(s) Jump(s)
How Do We Read This?
References
6 Arctic Views: Virtual Remote Experiences—Reflections from the Field
Introduction
The Long Story
Notes on Historical Observations
From Real-Life Experience to Full-Dome Experience
References
7 Arctic Imaginaries and Their Entangled Relationship(s) with Artistic Production on Svalbard
Introduction
Introducing Ourselves and Setting the Scene
Discussion
References
Part III Heritage and Environments
8 Svalbard’s Urban Imaginaries
Introduction
Urban Imaginaries
Arctic Urbanism and Architectural Ideas
Urbanism in Svalbard
Longyearbyen—An Ordinary Town
Pyramiden—A Socialist Model Town
Arctic Imaginaries and Urban Form in Svalbard
References
9 Imaginaries of Company Towns on Svalbard
Introduction
Company Towns
A Typology of Company Towns
Company Towns in Remote Regions
Imaginaries of Company Towns
The Economic Background to the Development of Company Towns
The Case of Svalbard and Longyearbyen
The History of the Exploitation of Natural Resources on Svalbard
Settlements on Svalbard
Longyearbyen
Conclusion
References
Part IV Living Imaginaries
10 A Collective Imagination of the Future of Svalbard Communities
Introduction
Urban Planning Imaginaries, from the Global to the Local Scale
Sustainable Development Goals and the Agenda 2030
Svalbard—A Variety of Policies, Urban and Future Visions
Svalbard and the Environmental Protection Imaginary of Norwegian Authorities—Nature Over Culture
Longyearbyen
Longyearbyen—The Imaginary of ‘Norwegianness’ and Experiences of ‘Otherness’
Sustainability Goals in the Light of Increasing Tourism and Internationalization
Revisions of Protection Plans for the National Parks in Svalbard—The Reactions in Longyearbyen
The Future Imaginary of Longyearbyen—A Showcase for Green Transition and Sustainable Development?
Discussion and Conclusions
References
11 Imaginaries of Svalbard, Interdisciplinary Research and Fieldwork: Where Emergent Knowledge Surges
Introduction: What Imaginaries Do
Svalbard
Interdisciplinarity
Fieldwork
Imagining for the Sake of Engaging and Engendering
Coda
References
12 Pictures of the Arctic: Visitors’ Visions of Svalbard vis-à-vis Their Experience in its Landscape
The Idea of the Arctic
Visitors’ Perspectives
A Theme Park Inside a Nature Documentary: Svalbard as a Leisure Destination
Finding Your Inner Explorer: Tourism Marketing in the Arctic
Raw Wilderness: In Search of a Nature Experience
Back in the Eighties, This Was All a Field: Svalbard Through the Lens of Memory
See the Glaciers Before They Melt: Reconciling Travel with Environmental Concerns
Home, Sweet Home: Permanent Communities on Svalbard
Finding Svalbard
References
13 Imaginaries of and in Svalbard: What Is Being Made?
Why Is Looking at Imaginaries of and in Svalbard Meaningful?
Which Themes Are Out There That This Book Did Not Cover?
The Imaginaries ‘of’ and ‘in’ Svalbard Distinction: To What Degree Is This Helpful?
What These Different Perspectives Show Us
What, Then, Is Being ‘Made’?
References
Annex: Text of the Svalbard Treaty
Index