Sustainability: Cases and Studies in Using Operations Research and Management Science Methods

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Sustainability: Cases and Studies in Using Operations Research and Management Science Methods
What Is Sustainability? A Layman Perspective
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 How Does Sustainability Work?
2.2 Why Sustainability Is Important?
3 Challenges and Opportunities
4 Concluding Remarks
References
Sustainable Supply Chain Management: Definition, Bibliometrics, Applications, and Future Directions
1 Introduction
2 Conceptual Distinctions
3 Bibliometric Analysis on the Research Status of SSCM
3.1 Publication and Citation Trends
3.2 The Most Productive Countries/Regions and Institutions
3.3 The Top 10 Most Highly Cited Papers of Reviewed Publications
3.4 Keywords Co-occurrence
4 The Fuzzy Theory Applied in SSCM
4.1 Fuzzy Information Representations Applied in SSCM
4.2 Decision-making Methods Used in SSCM
4.3 Specific Applications in Different Sectors for SSCM
5 Lessons Learned and Future Directions
6 Conclusion
References
Applications of Machine Learning Algorithms in Data Sciences
1 Introduction
2 State of the Art
3 Machine Learning Algorithms
3.1 Supervised Learning
3.2 Unsupervised Learning
3.3 Reinforcement Learning
3.4 Linear Regression
3.5 Logistic Regression
3.6 Decision Trees
3.7 Naive Bayes
3.8 Artificial Neural Networks
3.9 K-Means Clustering
3.10 Anomaly Detection
3.11 Gaussian Mixture Model
3.12 Principal Component Analysis
3.13 K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN)
3.14 Support Vector Machines
4 Applications of Machine Learning Algorithms in Data Sciences
4.1 Virtual Personal Assistants
4.2 Predictions
4.3 Video Surveillance
4.4 Social Media Services
4.5 Email Spam and Malware Filtering
4.6 Online Customer Care
4.7 Search Engine Result Refining
4.8 Product Recommendations
4.9 Online Fraud Detection
5 Conclusion
References
The Machine Learning Model for Identifying Bogus Profiles in Social Networking Sites
1 Introduction
2 Existing Approaches
3 Materials and Methods
3.1 Proposed Framework
3.2 Ensemble Learning Models
3.3 Performance Metrics
4 Result and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Support Vector Machine and K-fold Cross-validation to Detect False Alarms in Wind Turbines
1 Introduction
2 Approach
2.1 Machine Learning
2.2 Support Vector Machine
2.3 Holdout Validation
2.4 K-Fold Cross-validation
2.5 Confusion Matrix and False Alarms Indicators
3 Case Study and Results
4 Conclusions
References
A Hybrid Neural Network Model Based on Convolutional Cascade Neural Networks: An Application for Image Inspection in Production
1 Introduction
2 Modeling and Approach
3 Case Study
4 Results
5 Conclusions
References
A Multi-Objective Sustainable Traffic Signal Control for Smart Cities Under Uncertainty
1 Introduction
2 Equilibrium Traffic Assignment for Traffic Flows
2.1 Notations
2.2 A Link Traffic Delay Model
2.3 A User Equilibrium Traffic Assignment with Random Demand
2.4 A System Optimum Traffic Assignment with Random Risk
3 A Multi-Objective Sustainable trAffic Control (MOSAC)
3.1 Signal Control Constraints
3.2 A Multi-Objective Performance Index (MPI)
3.3 A Stochastic Bi-Level Programming Problem (SBLPP)
4 Sensitivity Analysis by Stochastic Derivatives
5 A Bundle Projection Method
6 Numerical Experiments and Results
6.1 Computational Results on Sioux Falls City Road Network
6.2 Computational Results on Grid-sized Example Network
7 Conclusions and Discussions
References
Multi-Criteria Decision-Making for Sustainable Transport: A Case Study on Traffic Flow Prediction Using Spatial-Temporal Traff...
1 Introduction
2 Reliable Path Computation Based on Traffic Flow
2.1 Dynamics of Traffic Flow: Spatial-Temporal Perspective
2.2 Spatial-Temporal Traffic Forecasting: A Review on Models and Methods
2.3 Research Challenges and Problem Statement
3 Prediction of Traffic Flow Based on Spatial-Temporal Dependence
3.1 Formulation of Spatial-Temporal Traffic Sequence
3.2 Sequence Convolution Auto-Encoder Long Short-Term Memory (SCAE-LSTM)
3.3 Augmentation of Road Network Based on Traffic Flow
3.3.1 Path Connectivity Based on Spatial-Temporal Traffic Information
3.3.2 Computational Complexity Analysis
4 Data Collection and Experimental Results
5 Conclusion
References
A Robust Prognostic Indicator for Renewable Energy Fuel Cells: A Hybrid Data-Driven Prediction Approach
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Model-Based Method
2.2 Data-Driven Method
3 Hybrid Prediction Method
3.1 State Space Model Prognostic Approach
3.2 Data-Driven Prediction Method
3.3 Hybrid Prognostic Approaches
4 Experimental Results
5 Conclusion
References
An Assessment of Electricity Markets in Turkey: Price Mechanisms, Regulations, and Methods
1 Introduction
2 The Turkish Electricity Markets
2.1 Mechanisms
2.2 Market Structure Through Its Components
2.2.1 Generation
2.2.2 Transmission
2.2.3 Distribution
2.2.4 Supply
3 An Assessment for the Turkish Day Ahead Electricity Market
3.1 Single Offers (Hourly Bids)
3.2 Block Offers
3.3 Flexible Offers
4 Definition of the Problem
4.1 Model
4.2 Demand or Excess Supply
5 Solution Methods with Management Science Techniques
5.1 Pretreatment
5.2 Heuristic Algorithm
5.3 Optimization
5.4 Postprocessing
6 Conclusions
References
The Role of DevOps in Sustainable Enterprise Development
1 Introduction
2 Business: IT Alignment
3 Evolution of IT Project Management and Software Development Paradigms
4 DevOps Concepts
4.1 Software Development Process in DevOps
4.2 DevOps Tools
4.3 Recommendations from Theory and Practice
5 Case Study: Introducing DevOps Approach into a University R&D Center
5.1 Research Context
5.2 The Process of Introducing DevOps Approach
5.3 Analysis of Results
6 Discussion and Implications
7 Conclusion
References
Practices and Indicators of Waste and Resource Management in Commercial Buildings
1 Introduction
2 Overview of Practices, Indicators, and Standards Used in Waste and Resource Management
2.1 Practices Used in Waste and Resource Management
2.1.1 Functional Areas
Long-Term Facility Planning
Continuous Service Planning
Establishing and Enforcing Policies
Acquiring Service Agreements
Installation of New Equipment and Technology
Facility Plant and Equipment Maintenance
Continuous Service Appraisal
2.2 Indicators Used in Waste and Resource Management
2.2.1 Benchmark and Performance Indicators
2.2.2 Categorizing Indicators
2.2.3 Consolidation of Indicators
2.3 Key Standards and Regulations Used in Waste and Resource Management
2.3.1 The National Environmental Waste Management Act and National Waste Management Strategy
2.3.2 South African National Standards (SANS)
2.3.3 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Standards
2.4 Review of Level of Waste Production and Resource Consumption in Commercial Buildings
2.4.1 Energy Consumption
2.4.2 Water Consumption
3 Research Methodology
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Practices
4.1.1 Similarities: Practices
4.1.2 Differences: Practices
4.2 Indicators of Waste and Resources
4.2.1 Similarities: Indicators
4.2.2 Differences: Indicators
4.3 Level of Waste Produced and Resources Consumed in the Commercial Buildings
4.4 Discussion of Findings
4.4.1 Facilities Management Practices Used in the Management of Waste and Resources
4.4.2 The Indicators Used by FM Specialists in Waste and Resource Management
4.4.3 Level of Waste Produced and Resources Consumed in the Sampled Buildings
Establish Whether the FM Practices and Indicators, Regarding Waste and Resource Management, Align with Standards
Find Out Whether the Levels of Waste Generation and Resource Consumption Are Attributable to the Standard of the Practices and...
5 Conclusion and Recommendations
References
A Descriptive Comprehension Study on Solar Energy, Solar Products, and Solar Products Marketing in Indian Context
1 Introductory Background of the Study
2 Energy Scenario: World and India
3 Renewable Energy Revolution
4 Energy Security Affair
5 Energy Shortage
6 Solar Energy in India
7 Review of Literature
8 Findings
9 Conclusion
10 Challenges and Opportunities for Solar Energy Conservation in India
References
Website/Others
Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) Systems: Improving Sustainability and Efficiency of Animal Production
1 Introduction
2 PLF Advancements in Dairy Sector
2.1 Milking Robot: Automatic Milking Parlor
2.2 Automatic Oestrus Detection
2.3 Health/Welfare Disorders Identification
2.3.1 Lameness
2.3.2 Mastitis
3 PLF Advancements in the Pig Sector
3.1 Camera-Based Monitoring
3.1.1 Camera-Based Systems Problems
3.2 Weight Estimation
3.3 Thermal Analysis Technologies and Thermal Comfort Assessment
3.4 Sound Surveillance Technologies
3.5 RFID Technologies, Electronic Feeders and Drinkers, and Various Multi-sensor Combined Systems
3.5.1 Electronic Feeders and Drinkers Combined with Various Systems
3.5.2 Other Systems and Sensors
4 PLF Advancements in the Poultry Sector
4.1 Sound Analysis Systems
4.2 RFID-Based Technologies
4.3 Video and Image Processing: Camera-Based Analysis Systems
5 Conclusions
References
Environmental Assessment of Rural Road Construction in India
1 Introduction
1.1 Different Classes of Roads in India
1.2 Types of Pavements
1.2.1 Flexible Pavement
1.2.2 Technologies for Construction of Flexible Pavement
1.2.3 Rigid Pavement
2 Methodology
2.1 Goal and Scope Definition
2.2 Life Cycle Inventory (LCI)
2.3 Life Cycle Impact Assessment
2.4 Interpretation
3 Results and Discussions
4 Conclusions
Appendix: Collected Data for Rural Road Project
Rural Flexible Pavement (Bihar)
References
Perspectives on the Sustainable Steel Production Process: A Critical Review of the Carbon Dioxide (CO2) to Methane (CH4) Conve...
1 Introduction
2 The Steel Industry
3 Methanation Process
4 Thermodynamic Analysis
4.1 Performance of Methanation Processes
4.2 CO Methanation
4.3 Effect of H2/CO Ratio
4.4 Effect of H2O
4.5 Effect of O2
4.6 CO2 Methanation
4.7 Effect of H2/CO2 Ratio
4.8 Effect of H2O
5 Catalysts for Methanation
5.1 Active Phases
5.2 Promoters
5.3 Supports
6 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Exergy, Anergy, and Sustainability
1 Introduction
2 Exergy and Anergy Explanation for Low Education Level
3 Exergy and Anergy for Average Education Level (Ranging from High School to College)
3.1 History of the Energy Conservation Law
3.2 Energy Conversion Machines
3.3 Hydropower and Wind Power
3.4 Heat to Power Conversion
3.5 Steam Engines and Steam Turbines, the Historically First Prime Movers
3.6 Other ``Prime Movers´´
3.7 Electric Transmission
3.8 Heat Pumps
3.9 Carnot Factor. The Historic Root of Exergy and Anergy
4 Exergy and Anergy in Thermodynamic Education (Bachelor Level in Mechanical Engineering)
4.1 Exergy of a Pressurized Hot Fluid
4.2 Exergy of Fuels
4.3 Exergy in the Context of Efficiency Definitions
4.4 Exergy Losses and Sankey Diagrams
4.5 Exergy Penetration in the Society
5 Exergy and Anergy in Technology Development and Science
5.1 Exergy Loss of Heat Exchange
5.2 Exergy Loss by Combustion
5.3 Heat Loss to Ambient
5.4 Exergy Loss by Mixing
5.5 Exergy Loss by Friction and Dissipation in Turbomachinery
5.6 Additional Remark About Large Pressure Ratio
5.7 Exergy Losses by Cycle-Internal Pressure Losses ``Throttling´´
5.8 Exergy Loss with the Exhaust Gas
5.9 Mechanical Power Losses and Conversion Systems
6 Exergy in Statistics and in Energy Politics
7 Conclusions
References
Simulating Complex Relationships Between Pollutants and the Environment Using Regression Splines: A Case Study for Landfill Le...
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Experimental Design
2.2 Waste Collection and Preparation
2.3 Reactor Setup and Filling
2.4 Leachate Parameter Measurements
2.4.1 pH
2.4.2 Total Alkalinity as Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
2.4.3 Conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
2.4.4 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS)
2.4.5 Chloride and Ammonia-Nitrogen
2.5 Data Evaluation and Model Development
2.6 Model Fitting and Selection
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Reactor Data
3.1.1 Leachate Parameter Trends for 100% Waste Reactors
3.1.2 Summary Statistics for Leachate Parameters
3.1.3 Comparison of Leachate Parameters with Previous Studies
3.1.4 Effect of Temperature
3.2 MARS Modeling for Leachate Parameters
3.2.1 Comparison of Importance of Factors in the MARS Models
3.2.2 MARS 3D Interaction Plots
4 Future Work
5 Summary and Conclusions
References