Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Supplements for Students and Instructors
Acknowledgments
Thematic Contents
Preface
About the Authors
PART ONE: Getting Started: The Principles of Good Reading and Writing
1 CRITICAL READING
Why Read?
TIPS FOR READING CRITICALLY
Critical Reading in Action
Louise Levathes, "Everything Is Illuminated"
Reading Academic Writing
TIPS FOR READING ACADEMIC COURSE MATERIAL
Howard Markel, "When Germs Travel"
Reading as Inquiry
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: READING CRITICALLY
Leon Botstein, "Curtailing High School: A Radical Proposal"
Reading Visual Images
TIPS FOR READING PHOTOGRAPHS
TIPS FOR READING ADVERTISEMENTS
TIPS FOR READING GRAPHS, TABLES, AND CHARTS
TIPS FOR READING CARTOONS
TIPS FOR READING AND EVALUATING WEB SITES
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: READING AND EVALUATING WEB SITES
Critical Reading with Visuals
Christopher Caldwell, "Intimate Shopping: Should Everyone Know What You Bought Today?"
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: READING AND INTERPRETING VISUALS
2 ACTIVE WRITING
Choosing a Good Topic
Determining Your Purpose and Audience
Writing in the Third Person
Prewriting
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: PREWRITING
Writing Drafts
TIPS FOR WRITING A ROUGH DRAFT
One Student Writing: First Draft
First Draft, Mike Boyle, “Too Much Exercise” [Student essay]
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: GETTING STARTED WITH WRITING
3 FINDING AND SUPPORTING A THESIS
Identifying the Elements of a Good Thesis
TIPS FOR EVALUATING A THESIS
Developing Your Thesis
TIPS FOR DEVELOPING A THESIS
Evaluating Thesis Statements: Strong or Weak?
Supporting Your Thesis with Details
Student Writing: Thesis and Details
Joseph Anderson, "Getting Juiced" [Student essay]
Thomas Healey, "You Must Be Crazy!" [Annotated student essay]
Writers and Details
Lindsay Abrams, "The Unexpected Ways a Fetus Is Shaped by a Mother's Environment"
Langston Hughes, "Salvation" [Story]
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: STATING AND SUPPORTING A THESIS
4 PLANNING A PAPER: OUTLINING
Why Outline?
Creating a Rough Outline
TIPS FOR MAKING A ROUGH OUTLINE
Making a Formal Outline
One Student Writing: From Prewriting to Essay
Percy Bysshe Shelley, "Ozymandias" [Poem]
Carla Blake, "The Mighty Should Despair" [Student essay]
Preparing Your Formal Outline
TIPS FOR WRITING A FORMAL OUTLINE
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: PREPARING A FORMAL OUTLINE
5 WRITING YOUR PAPER: AN OVERVIEW
Writing a Strong Introduction
TIPS FOR WRITING A STRONG INTRODUCTION
Writing the Body Paragraphs
One Student Writing: Topic Sentences
Charles DeMarco, “College Hardships” [Annotated student essay]
Using Transitions
Developing Paragraphs: Unity and Coherence
TIPS FOR ACHIEVING PARAGRAPH UNITY
TIPS FOR ACHIEVING PARAGRAPH COHERENCE
Writing a Strong Conclusion
TIPS FOR WRITING A STRONG CONCLUSION
6 REVISING, EDITING, AND PROOFREADING YOUR PAPER
Revising Your First Draft
Revising the Introduction, Body Paragraphs, and Conclusion
Peer Review: Learning from Other Students
One Student Writing: Revising and Editing
Intermediate Draft, Mike Boyle, “Too Much Exercise” [Student essay]
Editing
Intermediate Draft, Final Paragraphs With Instructor’s Comments, Mike Boyle, “Too Much Exercise” [Student essay]
Proofreading
TIPS FOR CAREFUL PROOFREADING
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: REVISING AND EDITING YOUR DRAFTS
One Student Writing: Final Draft
Final Draft, Mike Boyle, “Too Much Exercise” [Student essay]
A Brief Note on Style
PART TWO: Methods of Development
7 DESCRIPTION
Writing Your Descriptive Paper
TIPS FOR WRITING A DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY
ASSIGNMENT: DESCRIPTION
Student Writing: Description
Enrique Colon, "Focus. Focus." [Annotated student essay]
Nick Fiscina, "Dad's Disappointment" [Student essay]
Description in the World Around You
Esmeralda Santiago, "A Blanco Navidad for New Yorikans" [Annotated professional essay]
John R. Regan, "My Room at the Lilac Inn"
Roger Angell, "On the Ball"
Joan Didion, "Marrying Absurd"
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR DESCRIPTIVE PAPER
8 NARRATION
Writing Your Narrative Paper
TIPS FOR WRITING A NARRATIVE ESSAY
ASSIGNMENT: NARRATION
Student Writing: Narration
Pat Melia, "Saving a Life" [Student essay]
Jarrett David Lee Jackson, "My Father's House" [Student essay]
Narrative in the World Around You
Readings for Writing
Carol K. Littlebrant, "Death Is a Personal Matter"
Tanya Barrientos, "Se Habla Español"
Greg Sarris, "You Don't Look Indian"
Kate Chopin, "The Story of an Hour" [Story]
Stephen Crane, "I Saw a Man Pursuing the Horizon" [Poem]
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR NARRATIVE PAPER
9 EXAMPLE
Writing Your Example Paper
TIPS FOR WRITING AN EXAMPLE ESSAY
ASSIGNMENT: EXAMPLE
Student Writing: Example
Carmen Sepulveda, "Waiting Tables Is Hard Work" [Annotated student essay]
Researched Student Writing: Example
Lawrence Miller, "Helping the Environment" [MLA-style essay]
Example in the World Around You
Critical Reading: Example
Margaret Foster, "College's Raison d'être: British Literature or Software Engineering?"
Readings for Writing
Barbara Ehrenreich "What I've Learned from Men"
John Grisham "Boxers, Briefs and Books"
Judy Brady "I Want a Wife"
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR EXAMPLE PAPER
10 PROCESS
Writing Your Process Paper
TIPS FOR WRITING A PROCESS ESSAY
ASSIGNMENT: PROCESS
Student Writing: Process
Michael Wollan, "Coffee Time" [Annotated student essay]
Researched Student Writing: Process
Omprakash K. Pansara, "Preparing for the First Day of Classes" [MLA-style essay]
Process in the World Around You
Readings for Writing
Mildred Armstrong Kalish, "Wash Day"
Scientific American, "How to Build a Better Plant"
Nikki Giovanni, "Campus Racism 101"
Susan Douglas, "Remote Control: How to Raise a Media Skeptic"
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR PROCESS PAPER
11 COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
Writing Your Comparison–Contrast Paper
TIPS FOR WRITING A COMPARISON–CONTRAST ESSAY
ASSIGNMENT: COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
Student Writing: Comparison–Contrast
Carey Byer, "In the Swim" [Annotated student essay]
Benjamin Simonovich, "Two Jobs" [Student essay]
Comparison and Contrast in the World Around You
Readings for Writing
Mark Twain (Samuel L. Clemens), "The Professional"
Suzanne Britt, "That Lean and Hungry Look"
Rick Nauert, "On Tween TV, Girls Need to Look Good, Boys Are Brave"
Shirley Jackson, "Charles"
Saki (H. H. Munro), "The Open Window"
William Shakespeare, "Sonnet 29"
William Shakespeare, "Sonnet 130"
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR COMPARISON–CONTRAST PAPER
12 CLASSIFICATION AND DIVISION
Classification and Division in Action
Writing Your Classification Paper
TIPS FOR WRITING A CLASSIFICATION ESSAY
ASSIGNMENT: CLASSIFICATION
Student Writing: Classification
Nick Halikas, "Television Watchers" [Annotated student outline and essay]
Classification in the World Around You
Readings for Writing
Brandon Griggs, "The 12 Most Annoying Types of Facebookers"
Summer Beretsky, "How Do You Classify or Organize Your Panic Attacks?"
John Holt, "Three Kinds of Discipline"
Cass R. Sunstein, "How Polarizing Is the Internet?"
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR CLASSIFICATION PAPER
13 CAUSE AND EFFECT
Writing Your Cause-and-Effect Paper
TIPS FOR WRITING A CAUSE-AND-EFFECT ESSAY
ASSIGNMENT: CAUSE AND EFFECT
Student Writing: Cause and Effect
Richard S. Smith, "Cause for Failure" [Annotated student outline and essay]
Researched Student Writing: Cause and Effect
Richard Yee, "Banning Same-Sex Marriage: An Attack on the American Institution" [MLA-style essay]
Cause and Effect in the World Around You
Readings for Writing
James Hamblin, "Drunk and Drunker"
Carll Tucker, "On Splitting"
Thomas Jefferson, "The Declaration of Independence"
Ilana Ross, "Kids Today: Why Do We Text More Than We Talk?"
Reading and Writing About Poetry
A. E. Housman, "Is my team ploughing …" [Poem]
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR CAUSE-AND-EFFECT PAPER
14 DEFINITION
Writing Your Definition Paper
TIPS WRITING ONE-SENTENCE DEFINITIONS
ASSIGNMENT: DEFINITION
Student Writing: Formal Definition
Harriet Lim, "Amnesty" [Student essay]
Student Writing: Informal Definition
Odette-Marie Shamen, "Beyond Wealth and Prosperity" [Annotated student essay]
Definition in the World Around You
Readings for Writing
David Owen, "The Perfect Job"
Marjorie Garber, "What Is "Genius"?"
American Psychological Association, "School Bullying is Nothing New, but Psychologists Identify New Ways to Prevent It"
Randy Malamud, "The Lost Art of Passwords: What We Lost When Hackers Conquered the Internet"
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR DEFINITION PAPER
15 ARGUMENTATION
Using Logic
Making Appeals
Writing Your Argumentation Paper
TIPS FOR WRITING A FORMAL ARGUMENT
ASSIGNMENT: ARGUMENTATION
Student Writing: Argumentation
Wilson Davis, "Say No to Drug Testing of School Athletes" [Annotated student essay]
Argumentation: Perspectives on Immigrants in America
President Barack Obama, "A Nation of Immigrants"
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, "Fact vs. Fiction"
J. B. Handlesman, "Undocumented Aliens" [Cartoon]
Nick Milano, "Citizenship for Christmas"
Quynh Nguyen, "Being a Recent American"
Argumentation: Perspectives on the Death Penalty
Lauren Heist, "Capital Punishment: An Example for Criminals" [Student essay]
Alex Shalom, "Abolish the Death Penalty" [Student essay]
Death Penalty Information Center, from "Death Penalty in 2013: Year-End Report"
Robert Mankoff, "Good News" [Cartoon]
Argumentation in the World Around You
Readings for Writing
James Q. Wilson, "Just Take Away Their Guns"
Meg Greenfield, "In Defense of the Animals"
Emily Zac, "Tax Payers and Cheap Burgers"
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR ARGUMENTATION PAPER
16 MIXING METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
Developing Your Paper Through Mixed Modes
TIPS FOR DEVELOPING A MIXED MODES ESSAY
Mixing Methods: Looking at Possibilities
ASSIGNMENT: MIXED METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
Student Writing: Mixing Methods in Developing Your Essay
Brian Jarvis, "Against the Great Divide" [Student essay]
Critical Reading: Mixed Methods of Development
Timothy K. Beal, "Bibles du Jour"
Readings for Writing
Herbert J. Gans, "Fitting the Poor into the Economy"
Reshma Memon Yaqub, "You People Did This"
Amy Crawford, "Hush!"
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR MIXED MODES PAPER
PART THREE: Special Writing
17 LITERARY ANALYSIS
Reading Literature for Analysis
TIPS FOR READING LITERATURE FOR ANALYSIS
TIPS FOR AVOIDING TRAPS INVOLVING SYMBOLS
Avoiding Common Pitfalls in Literary Analysis
TIPS FOR AVOIDING COMMON PITFALLS IN LITERARY ANALYSIS
Student Writing: Literary Analysis
Shirley Hawkins, "The Pains of Frontier Life" [Student essay]
Readings for Writing
Willa Cather, "A Wagner Matinee" [Story]
Edgar Allan Poe, "The Tell-Tale Heart" [Story]
O. Henry, "The Cop and the Anthem" [Story]
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING AND REVISING YOUR LITERARY ANALYSIS PAPER
18 WRITING ESSAY EXAMS
Preparing for the Exam
Evaluating the Question
Planning and Writing Your Essay
TIPS FOR PLANNING AND WRITING YOUR ESSAY
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: TAKING AN ESSAY EXAM
19 BUSINESS WRITING: AN OVERVIEW
Distinguishing Inquiry and Complaint Letters
Writing and Formatting a Letter
TIPS FOR WRITING AND FORMATTING A LETTER
Writing a Letter to Apply for a Job
Preparing Your Résumé
TIPS FOR PREPARING A RÉSUMÉ
Writing E-mails
TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL E-MAILS
PART FOUR: Research
20 DOING RESEARCH
Choosing Your Topic
Doing Preliminary Reading
TIPS FOR EVALUATING WEB SITES USED IN YOUR RESEARCH
Preparing Your Preliminary Outline
Taking Advantage of Libraries
Limiting Your Research Topic
Determining a Research Question
Finding Sources and Developing a Working References List
Taking Notes
TIPS FOR EVALUATING YOUR SOURCES
Developing Your Thesis
Preparing Your Formal Outline
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: DOING RESEARCH
21 WRITING YOUR RESEARCH PAPER
Writing Your Research Paper: An Overview
Quoting and Paraphrasing Your Sources
Integrating Quotes into Your Own Writing
TIPS FOR USING SOURCES WITHIN YOUR OWN SENTENCES
Avoiding Plagiarism
Documenting Sources in the Humanities: MLA Style
TIPS FOR PREPARING THE WORKS CITED LIST
Documenting Sources in the Social Sciences: APA Style
TIPS FOR PREPARING AN APA REFERENCES LIST
Preparing Your Manuscript
TIPS FOR PREPARING THE FINAL COPY
STRATEGY CHECKLIST: WRITING YOUR RESEARCH PAPER
Frequently Asked Questions about Writing Research Papers
Sample MLA-Style Research Paper
Barbara Gorski, "Video Game Violence and Violent Behavior' [MLA-style essay]
PART FIVE: Style
22 PROPER WORDS iN PROPER PLACES
Identifying Denotation and Connotation in Words
Using Concrete Language
23 EFFECTIVE SENTENCES
Eliminating Wordiness
Recognizing Passive and Active Verbs
Correcting Faulty Parallelism
Avoiding Faulty Subordination in Sentence Combining
Improving Sentence Variety
24 ADDITIONAL STYLE PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Avoiding Triteness
Avoiding Euphemisms
Recognizing Effective and Undesirable Repetition
Avoiding Slang
Recognizing Fancy Writing
Avoiding Sexist Language
TIPS FOR AVOIDING SEXIST LANGUAGE
Distinguishing Special Features of College Writing
TIPS FOR WRITING IN AN ACADEMIC STYLE
PART SIX: Handbook, Glossary, and ESL Pointers
HANDBOOK
GLOSSARY OF PROBLEM WORDS
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ESL POINTERS: TIPS FOR NON-NATIVE WRITERS
Verbs and Helping Verbs, Including Modals
Phrasal Verbs
Nouns: Countable and Uncountable
Prepositions
Credits
Index
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B
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D
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F
G
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J
K
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Correction Symbols and Abbreviations
Guide to the Handbook and Glossary
