Sigre 2015. — 13 с.
University of Manchester, United KingdomReliable algorithms for the analysis of faults on overhead transmission lines have become an essential tool for transmission line protection engineers. Fault locators determine the distance to the fault from a set reference point. There have been various methods of fault location developed in the past; some of which use data from a single line terminal and some which use data from multiple line terminals. Some examples of different methods of fault location are given in. Takagi et al, developed a method of fault location based on microprocessor calculations using voltage and current data from one line terminal. Djuric et al proposed a fault locator using only current phasors from one line terminal. In Girgis et al presented a method of locating faults based on the computation of the voltage and current phasors at two or three line terminals. Abe et al, developed a method of fault location using asynchronously sampled data from multiple line terminals. In Jiang et al developed an adaptive fault detection/location technique, using Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), to obtain the phasors at the line terminals. Gopalakrishnan et al, developed a method of fault location using data from both ends of the line that required synchronised data sampling. Tawfik and Morcos, ], used the travelling wave technique to develop their method of fault location. In Tamronglak et al investigated the malfunctioning of transmission line circuit breakers and their impact on hidden failures. In Yu et al presented a PMU-based method of fault location on lines with series compensation. In Lee et al proposed a technique for fault location on short lines using PMUs. Novosel et al, presented a technique for estimating the fault location using unsynchronised data sampling at each end of the transmission line. Further publications on this subject can be found in. In the authors make an overview of the research performed in the field of fault location. Some of this research is also summarized in. An approach of the application of PMUs for fault location is described in. It is based on the results presented in and and it gives a phasor-domain solution for simultaneous calculation of the fault location and fault arc voltage amplitude in the case of all fault types. However, its operation might be affected by distortions caused from external grids connected by the line. Furthermore, the approach has several sequential stages (extraction of phasors not sensitive to decaying DC component, linear least squares estimation of unknowns), which make this approach rather complex. One of the latest works, where Wavelet analysis is applied, is addressed in.
