Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling: 13th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2020, Washington, DC, USA, October 18–21, 2020, Proceedings

Preface
Organization
Contents
Beyond Words: Comparing Structure, Emoji Use, and Consistency Across Social Media Posts
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Content Analysis of Social Media
2.2 Analysis of Emoji Use
3 Measuring Document Structure, Emoji Use, and Consistency
3.1 Document Structure, Content Structure, and Emoji Spans
3.2 Attributes of Emojis in a Document
3.3 Emoji Position, Order, and Repetition
3.4 Measure of Consistency
3.5 Clustering by Structure, Content, and Emoji Use
3.6 Clustering Users Based on Consistency
4 Experiment Results and Discussion
4.1 Experimental Setup
4.2 Distributions of Consistency
4.3 Analysis of Structures for Document, Content, and Emoji Use
4.4 Clustering Users Based on Consistency
4.5 Behavior Traits and Composition of Users in Clusters
5 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Bot Impacts on Public Sentiment and Community Structures: Comparative Analysis of Three Elections in the Asia-Pacific
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Data Collection
2.2 Bot Detection
2.3 Bot Activities
2.4 Network Influence
2.5 Sentiment Analysis
2.6 Echo-Chamberness
2.7 Causal Inference
3 Results
3.1 Bot Prevalence
3.2 Bot Influence
3.3 Causal Inference on Bot Impacts
4 Discussion
References
Understanding Colonial Legacy and Environmental Issues in Senegal Through Language Use
1 Introduction
2 Background and Related Work
2.1 Natural Language Processing and Word Embeddings
2.2 Biases and Stereotypes Captured by Word Embeddings
2.3 Senegal
3 Training Word Embeddings
3.1 Text Processing Steps
3.2 Validation of the Word Embeddings
4 Social Issue Analysis with Word Embeddings
4.1 Legacy of French Assimilation
4.2 Environmental Problems
4.3 Past - Present - Future in Senegal
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Deploying System Dynamics Models for Disease Surveillance in the Philippines
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Data Collection
2.2 System Dynamics Model of Dengue Fever
2.3 Simulated Annealing for Parameter Estimation
2.4 Virtual Experiments for Evaluating Interventions
3 Results
3.1 Model Initialization
3.2 Simulated Interventions
4 Discussion
References
MDR Cluster-Debias: A Nonlinear Word Embedding Debiasing Pipeline
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Bias Definition
2.2 Debiasing Word Embeddings
3 Our Debiasing Pipeline
3.1 Post-processing Procedure
3.2 Cluster-Debias
4 Evaluation Methods
5 Experiments
5.1 Results
6 Conclusion
References
Modeling Interventions for Insider Threat
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Model Details
4 Virtual Experiments
4.1 Experimental Design
4.2 Virtual Experiment 1
4.3 Virtual Experiment 2
4.4 Virtual Experiment 3
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Validating Social Media Monitoring: Statistical Pitfalls and Opportunities from Public Opinion
1 Introduction
2 Threats to Statistical Conclusion Validity on Social Media
2.1 Threat 1: Heterogeneity of Units
2.2 Threat 2: Extraneous Variance in Experimental Setting
2.3 Threat 3: Inaccurate Estimation of Effect Sizes
2.4 Threat 4: Incorporate Statistical Controls from Public Opinion
3 Conclusion Validity on Social Media: A Checklist
References
Lying About Lying on Social Media: A Case Study of the 2019 Canadian Elections
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methods
3.1 Data
3.2 Bot Identification
3.3 Detecting Targets of #FakeNews Accusations
4 Results and Analysis
4.1 Network Structure
4.2 #FakeNews Analysis
4.3 #NotABot Analysis
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Breadth Verses Depth: The Impact of Tree Structure on Cultural Influence
1 Introduction
1.1 Related Work
2 Model
3 Methods
4 Results
4.1 Polarised, Homogenised and Mixed Links in a Model of Social Influence
4.2 Polarisation at Different Tree Levels
5 Conclusion
References
Optimizing Attention-Aware Opinion Seeding Strategies
1 Introduction
2 Model
3 Methods
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Polarizing Tweets on Climate Change
1 Introduction
2 Data Collection and Method
2.1 Data Collection
2.2 Method
3 Results
3.1 Topics of Discussion
3.2 User Accounts and Conversations
4 Discussion
References
Characterizing Sociolinguistic Variation in the Competing Vaccination Communities
1 Introduction
2 Dataset
2.1 Data Collection
2.2 Community Detection
2.3 Timeline Extraction
2.4 Data Statistics
3 Methodology
3.1 Linguistic Analysis
3.2 Network Analysis
3.3 Evaluation
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Linguistic Analysis
4.2 Network Analysis
5 Limitations and Future Work
6 Conclusion
References
On Countering Disinformation with Caution: Effective Inoculation Strategies and Others that Backfire into Community Hyper-Polarization
1 Introduction
2 Model Description
2.1 Model Parameters
2.2 Rules of Interaction
3 Experiments and Results
3.1 Collective-Thought
3.2 Opinion Profile
3.3 Experiment 1: Effect of and on
3.4 Experiment 2: Effect of on
4 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Homicidal Event Forecasting and Interpretable Analysis Using Hierarchical Attention Model
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Problem Statement
4 Model Architecture
4.1 Word-to-Sentence Embedding
4.2 Sentence Encoder Module
4.3 Article Encoder Module
5 Experimental Evaluation
5.1 Dataset Description
5.2 Feature Engineering and Data Pre-processing
5.3 Comparative Models
6 Results and Discussion
7 Conclusion
References
Development of a Hybrid Machine Learning Agent Based Model for Optimization and Interpretability
1 Introduction
2 Learning-Driven Actor-Interpreter State Representation Model (LAISR)
3 Tactical Air and Ground Warfare Experiment
3.1 Game Simulation Layer
3.2 Actor/Interpreter Layer
4 Results
5 Discussion and Future Work
References
Canadian Federal Election and Hashtags that Do Not Belong
1 Introduction
2 Background and Motivation
3 Canadian Election Twitter Data
4 Methodology
5 Results and Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Group Formation Theory at Multiple Scales
1 Introduction
2 Testing Existing Theory at Multiple Scales
2.1 Dataset Description
2.2 Group Cohesiveness
2.3 Sociometer Theory
2.4 Terror Management Theory and Mortality Salience
3 Conclusions
References
Towards Agent Validation of a Military Cyber Team Performance Simulation
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Model Overview
3.1 Agent Behaviors
3.2 Agent Output Data
4 Simulation Setup and Results
5 Model Output Validation Design Considerations
5.1 Cyber Force Agent Validation Design Considerations
5.2 Terrain Agent Validation Design Considerations
6 Conclusion
References
Developing Graph Theoretic Techniques to Identify Amplification and Coordination Activities of Influential Sets of Users
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Proposed Methodology
3.1 Local Analysis-User Level
3.2 Sets of Users Analysis- Network Level
3.3 Influential Sets of Users Validation Level
4 Experimental Results
5 Conclusion and Discussion
Appendix I:Zachary Karate Club Network [6]
References
Detecting Online Hate Speech: Approaches Using Weak Supervision and Network Embedding Models
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methodology
3.1 Weak Supervision Model
3.2 Multilayer Network Embedding
4 Experiments and Results
4.1 Dataset Description
4.2 Weak Supervision Model
4.3 User Classification
5 Conclusion and Discussion
References
Critical Spatial Clusters for Vaccine Preventable Diseases
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Disease Spread on a Social Contact Network
2.2 Criticality
2.3 Problem Formulation
3 Our Approach
4 Experimental Results
5 Related Work
6 Conclusions
References
Multi-cause Discrimination Analysis Using Potential Outcomes
1 Introduction
2 Preliminaries
2.1 Potential Outcome Framework
2.2 Structural Causal Model and Intervention
3 Modeling Multi-cause Discrimination
3.1 Problem Formulation
3.2 The Deconfounder Algorithm
3.3 Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting
4 Empirical Evaluation
4.1 Synthetic Data
4.2 Adult Dataset
5 Conclusion
References
Twitter Is the Megaphone of Cross-platform Messaging on the White Helmets
1 Introduction
2 Data Collection and Processing
3 Mentions of Digital Platforms in Twitter Messages
4 Media Co-sharing Patterns
4.1 Tweet/Cascade-Sharing Network
4.2 User-Sharing Network
5 Summary
References
Learning Behavioral Representations from Wearable Sensors
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methods
3.1 Measuring Distance
3.2 Learning Representations
4 Data
5 Results
5.1 Clustering
5.2 Prediction
6 Conclusion
References
The Rise and Fall of Humanitarian Citizen Initiatives: A Simulation-Based Approach
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Model Specification
4 Scenario Development and Evaluation
4.1 Humanitarian Crisis Onset Scenario
4.2 Humanitarian Crisis Stabilization Phase Scenario
4.3 Scenario Development as Evaluation
5 Discussion and Future Research
References
Developing an Epidemiological Model to Study Spread of Toxicity on YouTube
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Identifying Toxicity on Social Media
2.2 Epidemiological Models
3 Methodology
3.1 Data Collection
3.2 Spread of Toxicity
3.3 Model Validation
4 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Predicting Student Flight Performance with Multimodal Features
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Experiments
3.1 Procedure
3.2 Equipment
3.3 Data Collection
4 Multimodal Features
4.1 Gaze Data
4.2 Flight Control Data
4.3 Knowledge Mastery
5 Machine Learning Models
6 Results and Discussion
7 Conclusion and Future Work
References
A Game-Transformation-Based Framework to Understand Initial Conditions and Outcomes in the Context of Cyber-Enabled Influence Operations (CIOs)
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Methodology
4 The Game Transformation-Based Framework
4.1 Level One
4.2 Level 2
5 Discussion and Conclusion
References
The Human Resource Management Parameter Experimentation Tool
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Methodology
4 Results
5 Summary and Further Work
References
Utilizing Python for Agent-Based Modeling: The Mesa Framework
1 Introduction
1.1 Mesa’s Design Goals
2 Architecture and Usage
2.1 The Model
2.2 Model Analysis
2.3 Model Visualization
2.4 Creating a Model
3 Applications and Extensions of Mesa
4 Conclusion
References
Strategic Information Operation in YouTube: The Case of the White Helmets
1 Introduction
2 Dataset
3 Spoofing
4 Astroturfing?
5 Conclusions
References
Artifacts of Crisis: Textual Analysis of Euromaidan
1 Introduction
2 Prior Work
3 Methodology and Data
3.1 Legislation
3.2 Blogs
3.3 Twitter
4 Results
4.1 Legislation
4.2 Blogs
4.3 Twitter
4.4 Data Stream Timing
5 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Modeling Decisions from Experience Among Frequent and Infrequent Switchers via Strategy-Based and Instance-Based Models
1 Introduction
2 Problem Dataset
3 The Models
3.1 The Round-Wise and Summary Models
3.2 The Instance-Based Model
4 Method
4.1 Dependent Variables
4.2 Model Calibration
5 Human Results
6 Model Results
7 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Author Index