Smart Grids for Renewable Energy Systems, Electric Vehicles and Energy Storage Systems

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
About the Editors
List of Contributors
Chapter 1: Introduction to E-vehicle technology
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Different types of E-vehicles
1.3 Technologies so far
1.4 Standards for E-vehicles
1.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Electric vehicles and smart grid interactions: Infrastructure, current trends, impacts and challenges
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Historic timelines
2.1.2 Types of electric vehicles
2.1.3 The Basic Structure of EVs
2.1.4 EV market scenarios
2.2 Current trends and innovations in electric vehicles
2.2.1 Integration of EVs with a smart grid
2.2.2 Infrastructure and technology implementation
2.2.3 Impacts and impediments of EV penetration
2.3 Standards and policies adopted by different countries
2.3.1 Standards and codes for EV implementation
2.3.2 Schemes introduced by the Indian government
2.4 Future areas of research in EV implementation
2.4.1 Research for new energy storage technologies and infrastructure
2.4.2 Feasibility of V2G support to renewable energy sources
References
Chapter 3: Implementation issues with large-scale renewable energy sources and electric vehicle charging stations on the smart grid
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Large-scale renewable integration into the smart grid
3.3 The impact of EVCS on the smart distribution network
3.3.1 Renewable energy for clean transportation
3.3.2 EVCS planning for electric vehicles
3.3.3 EV fast charging station with multiple energy sources
3.3.4 Managing EV charging an EVCS
3.4 Renewables in smart grids: planning and operation
3.4.1 Energy balance and power continuity
3.4.2 Improved power quality with smart inverters
3.4.3 Power quality management in smart grid
3.4.4 SMART principles in the distribution system
3.5 Future areas of research in large-scale RES and EV implementations
3.5.1 RES integration
3.5.2 Intelligent charging stations
3.5.3 Smart operational planning in a power network
References
Chapter 4: Analysis of a fuel cell-fed BLDC motor drive with a double boost converter for electric vehicle application
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Proposed fuel cell fed electric vehicle system design
4.2.1 Fuel cell
4.2.2 Double boost converter
4.3 Proposed system control techniques
4.3.1 MPPT controller
4.3.2 Hall Effect controller for VSI
4.4 Result and discussion
4.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Structural, finite element and simulation analysis for wireless power transfer of power pad for electric vehicles
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Magnetic circuit analysis for rectangular, DD, DDQ coil system
5.2.1 Rectangular coil pad structure
5.2.2 DD coil pad structure
5.2.3 DDQ coil structure
5.3 System modelling and analysis
5.4 Finite element analysis and simulation result
5.4.1 Simulation result obtained by Ansys Maxwell
5.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 6: Performance analysis and misalignment effect of power pad for dynamic wireless power charging of electrical vehicles
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Dynamic wireless charging
6.3 Possible misalignment
6.4 Analysis of magnetic circuit for DD coil structure
6.5 Result and simulation
6.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 7: An automated system for the rapid classification of harmonic loads and power system faults
7.1 Introduction: background and driving forces
7.2 Simulation model
7.3 Methodology and parameter extraction
7.3.1 Discrete Stockwell-Transform (DST) methodology
7.3.2 Parameter extraction
7.4 Results and discussions
7.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8: Microgrid control design with RES and electric vehicle integration
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The mathematical modelling of a microgrid
8.2.1 Photovoltaic cell
8.2.2 Wind turbine generator
8.2.3 Biodiesel engine generator
8.2.4 Diesel generator
8.2.5 Battery energy storage system
8.2.6 Plug-in electric vehicles
8.2.7 Ultracapacitor
8.3 Linearized active disturbance rejection control
8.4 Simulation results
8.4.1 Scenario 1
8.4.2 Scenario 2
8.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9: A smart grid with renewable energy sources, e-vehicles, and storage systems: Operational and economic aspects
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Operational parameters: guidelines and standardization
9.2.1 Governance and legislation
9.2.2 Market opportunities
9.2.3 Policy proposals for V2G
9.3 Operational parameters: modelling and energy management issues
9.3.1 Aggregation and communication
9.3.2 Technical challenges
9.3.3 Battery degradation
9.3.4 Charging parameters
9.4 Maximizing RES utilization and interaction with the viability of V2G/BESS
9.4.1 Value of stacking
9.4.2 Value creation by offering different grid services
9.4.3 Parameters adopted
9.4.4 Business models
9.4.5 Results
9.5 Case studies of practical implementations
9.5.1 The Parker V2G pilot project (Denmark)
9.5.2 Los Angeles Air Force Base
9.6 Conclusions
Note
References
Chapter 10: A meta-heuristic-based optimal placement of distributed generation sources integrated with electric vehicle parking lot in distribution network
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Mathematical design of the problem
10.2.1 A Direct Approach Method for Load Flow
10.2.2 Objective Functions
10.2.2.1 Active power loss
10.2.2.2 Voltage Deviation Index (VDI)
10.2.3 Constraints
10.3 Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization Algorithm (TLBO)
10.3.1 Teaching Phase
10.3.2 Learning Phase
10.4 Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA)
10.5 Modifications in the TLBO and HS algorithms
10.5.1 Modifications in the TLBO algorithm
10.5.2 Modifications in the teaching phase
10.5.3 Modifications in the teaching factor
10.5.4 Modifications in the HS algorithm
10.6 Proposed HS-TLBO algorithm
10.7 Simulation results and main findings
10.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11: An intelligent technique for electric vehicles for the monitoring of parameters
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Literature survey
11.3 Conceptualization of work
11.4 Flow of information
11.4.1 Input to central system
11.4.2 Optimization process and algorithm
11.4.3 Dashboard for output
11.5 Hardware blocks
11.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12: Operational and economical aspects of a smart grid with large penetration of RESs and EVs
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Combined operation: best practices and major issues
12.2.1 States of Electric Vehicles
12.3 Operational guidelines and standardization
12.4 Operational parameters: modelling aspects, major drives, technical parameters, operational guidelines and standardization
12.4.1 Modelling aspects
12.4.2 Major drivers
12.4.2.1 Components of the smart grid
12.4.3 Applications of energy management
12.4.3.1 Power flow
12.4.3.2 Energy management in the smart grid
12.5 Maximizing RESs utilization
12.5.1 Importance of the maximization of RES
12.6 Enhancing operational efficacy measures and methods
12.7 Economic aspects, affordability and practicability
12.8 Optimal economical model
12.9 Cost-aware EVs interacting with RESs
12.10 Emission-aware EVs interacting with RESs
12.11 Case studies
12.12 Mathematical model
12.13 Future directions
12.14 Conclusion
References
Index