Smart materials respond rapidly to external stimuli to alter their physical properties. They are used in devices that are driving advances in modern information technology and have applications in electronics, optoelectronics, sensors, memories and other areas. This book fully explains the physical properties of these materials, including semiconductors, dielectrics, ferroelectrics, ferromagnetics and organic polymers. Fundamental concepts are consistently connected to their real-world applications. It covers structural issues, electronic properties, transport properties, polarization-related properties and magnetic properties of a wide range of smart materials. The book contains carefully chosen worked examples to convey important concepts and has many end-of-chapter problems. It is written for first year graduate students in electrical engineering, materials science or applied physics programs. It is also an invaluable book for engineers working in industry or research laboratories. A solution manual and a set of useful viewgraphs are also available for instructors.
Author(s): Jasprit Singh
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2005
Language: English
Pages: 432
Tags: Приборостроение;Материаловедение в приборостроении;
Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 2
Contents......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 12
INTRODUCTION......Page 13
1 SMART MATERIALS: AN INTRODUCTION......Page 14
2 INPUT--OUTPUT DECISION ABILITY......Page 15
3 BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: NATURE'S SMART MATERIALS......Page 20
4 ROLE OF THIS BOOK......Page 22
1.2 CRYSTALINE MATERIALS......Page 23
1.3 DEFECTS IN CRYSTALS......Page 42
1.4 HETEROSTRUCTURES......Page 45
1.5 NON-CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS......Page 46
1.6 SUMMARY......Page 53
1.7 PROBLEMS......Page 55
1.8 FURTHER READING......Page 59
2.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 61
2.2 NEED FOR QUANTUM DESCRIPTION......Page 62
2.3 SCHRODINGER EQUATION AND PHYSICAL OBSERVABLES......Page 70
2.4 PARTICLES IN AN ATTRACTIVE POTENTIAL: BOUND STATES......Page 79
2.5 FROM ATOMS TO MOLECULES: COUPLED WELLS......Page 91
2.6 ELECTRONS IN CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS......Page 99
2.8 PROBLEMS......Page 115
2.9 FURTHER READING......Page 121
3.2 OCCUPATION OF STATES: DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION......Page 122
3.3 METALS, INSULATORS, AND SUPERCONDUCTORS......Page 126
3.4 BANDSTRUCTURE OF SOME IMPORTANT SEMICONDUCTORS......Page 132
3.5 MOBILE CARRIERS......Page 138
3.6 DOPING OF SEMICONDUCTORS......Page 148
3.7 TAILORING ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES......Page 153
3.8 LOCALIZED STATES IN SOLIDS......Page 158
3.10 PROBLEMS......Page 163
3.11 FURTHER READING......Page 168
4.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 170
4.2 AN OVERVIEW OF ELECTRONIC STATES......Page 171
4.3 TRANSPORT AND SCATTERING......Page 173
4.4 MACROSCOPIC TRANSPORT PROPERTIES......Page 184
4.5 CARRIER TRANSPORT BY DIFFUSION......Page 195
4.6 IMPORTANT DEVICES BASED ON CONDUCTIVITY CHANGES......Page 200
4.7 TRANSPORT IN NON-CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS......Page 208
4.8 IMPORTANT NON-CRYSTALLINE ELECTRONIC DEVICES......Page 215
4.9 SUMMARY......Page 217
4.10 PROBLEMS......Page 221
4.11 FURTHER READING......Page 222
5.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 224
5.2 IMPORTANT MATERIAL SYSTEMS......Page 226
5.3 OPTICAL PROCESSES IN SEMICONDUCTORS......Page 229
5.4 OPTICAL PROCESSES IN QUANTUM WELLS......Page 248
5.5 IMPORTANT SEMICONDUCTOR OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES......Page 253
5.6 ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS: OPTICAL PROCESSES & DEVICES......Page 273
5.8 PROBLEMS......Page 277
5.9 FURTHER READING......Page 284
6.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 286
6.2 POLARIZATION IN MATERIALS: DIELECTRIC RESPONSE......Page 287
6.3 FERROELECTRIC DIELECTRIC RESPONSE......Page 295
6.4 TAILORING POLARIZATION: PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT......Page 297
6.5 TAILORING POLARIZATION: PYROELECTRIC EFFECT......Page 307
6.6 DEVICE APPLICATIONS OF POLAR MATERIALS......Page 309
6.8 PROBLEMS......Page 313
6.9 FURTHER READING......Page 317
7.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 318
7.2 LIGHT PROPAGATION IN MATERIALS......Page 319
7.3 MODULATION OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES......Page 324
7.4 OPTICAL MODULATION DEVICES......Page 334
7.5 SUMMARY......Page 345
7.7 FURTHER READING......Page 347
8.2 MAGNETIC MATERIALS......Page 348
8.3 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD MAGNETIC MATERIALS......Page 349
8.4 PHYSICAL BASIS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES......Page 353
8.5 COHERENT TRANSPORT: QUANTUM INTERFERENCE......Page 357
8.6 DIAMAGNETIC AND PARAMAGNETIC EFFECTS......Page 362
8.7 FERROMAGNETIC EFFECTS......Page 368
8.8 APPLICATIONS IN MAGNETIC DEVICES......Page 374
8.10 PROBLEMS......Page 381
8.11 FURTHER READING......Page 384
A - IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF SEMICONDUCTORS......Page 385
B.2 P--N JUNCTION......Page 390
C - FERMI GOLDEN RULE......Page 402
D - LATTICE VIBRATIONS AND PHONONS......Page 408
E.1 ALLOY SCATTERING......Page 415
E.2 SCREENED COULOMBIC SCATTERING......Page 418
E.3 IONIZED IMPURITY LIMITED MOBILITY......Page 422
E.4 ALLOY SCATTERING LIMITED MOBILITY......Page 424
INDEX......Page 426
Titles in the series......Page 431
