Small Steps in Dynamics of Information [PhD Thesis]

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Author(s): Fernando Raymundo Velazquez Quesada
Series: ILLC Dissertation Series DS-2011-02
Publisher: University of Amsterdam
Year: 2011

Language: English
Pages: 238
City: Amsterdam

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Structure of information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.3 A summary and a choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.4 Outline of the dissertation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2 Truth-preserving inference and observation 23
2.1 The Restaurant example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.2 Modal truth-preserving inference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.3 Implicit and explicit information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.4 Inference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.5 Observation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
2.6 Back to the Restaurant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
2.7 Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3 The dynamics of awareness 55
3.1 Awareness Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.2 Other options for explicit information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
3.3 Operations on awareness models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.4 The actions in action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
3.5 A complete dynamic logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3.6 From single to multi-agent scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
3.7 Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
4 Awareness, implicit and explicit knowledge 79
4.1 Twelve Angry Men . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
4.2 Awareness, implicit and explicit information . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.3 The static framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
4.4 Dynamics of information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.5 Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
5 Dynamics of implicit and explicit beliefs 113
5.1 Approaches for representing beliefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
5.2 Representing non-omniscient beliefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
5.3 Belief revision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
5.4 Belief-based inference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
5.5 An example in motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
5.6 Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
6 Connections with other forms of reasoning 151
6.1 Deductive reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
6.2 Default reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
6.3 Abductive reasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
6.4 Belief bases in belief revision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
6.5 Dealing with contradictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
7 Connections with other fields 165
7.1 Linguistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
7.2 Cognitive Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
7.3 Game Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
8 Conclusions 179
8.1 Summary of the chapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
8.2 Further work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
A Technical appendix 187
Bibliography 201
Index 216
Samenvatting 221
Abstract 223
Resumen 225