The Kenney family grew up in Saddleworth, outside Oldham, in the last decades of the nineteenth century. In 1905, three of the sisters met Christabel Pankhurst, a turning point which changed the rest of their lives. Annie Kenney became one of the leaders of the Women's Social and Political
Union (WSPU), Jessie was an organiser at the heart of the organisation, and Nell campaigned outside the capital. Caroline and Jane used their connections within the suffrage movement as the springboard for careers in innovative education on both sides of the Atlantic. While working-class women are
increasingly acknowledged in histories of the WSPU, this study is the first to make them the primary focus, and, in doing so, it opens up a new conversation around sex, class, and politics, and how these categories interacted in this period.
This is a study of the possibilities for, and experiences of, working-class women in the militant suffrage movement. It identifies why these women became politically active, their experiences as activists, and the benefits they gained from their political work. It stresses the need to see
working-class women as significant actors and autonomous agents in the suffrage campaign. It shows why and how some women became politicised, why they prioritised the vote above all else, and how this campaign came to dominate their lives. It also places the suffrage campaign within the broader
trajectory of their lives to stress how far the personal and political were intertwined for these women. Although this is a book about 'working-class suffragettes', Lyndsey Jenkins also reveals what it says about women as workers and teachers, religious believers and political thinkers, and friends
and colleagues, as well as suffragettes. Above all, it is a study of sisterhood.
Author(s): Lyndsey Jenkins
Series: Oxford Historical Monographs
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 304
City: Oxford
Cover
Sisters and Sisterhood: The Kenney Family, Class, and Suffrage, 1890–1965
Copyright
Contents
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
Introduction
‘The Kenneys of Shelderslow’
Class in suffrage history
Sources, method, and overview
1: Childhood
Home and family, gender, and class
Formal and informal education
Religion, faith, and doubt
Paid work
Practising the ‘religion of socialism’
Conclusion
2: Beliefs
Sex and class in feminist rhetoric
Spirituality, faith, and the meaning of the struggle
Service, duty, and responsibility
Conclusion
3: Class
The construction, uses, and reception of Annie Kenney’s image
The uses and limitations of common experience as the basis for common cause with working-class women
Constructing the model suffragette
Friendship, love, collaboration, and their limits
Conclusion
4: Militancy
Militant identity at the grassroots
Friendship and militancy: Jessie Kenney and the ‘Young Hot Bloods’
Identity, belonging, and transformative moments of militancy
Conclusion
5: Careers
The benefits of suffrage activism for feminist teachers
Montessori education and social disadvantage
Wartime service and postwar citizenship
Educating girls for womanhood
Conclusion
6: Aftermath
Retirement?
Searching for meaning in faith
Service, duty, and paid work
Representation, life-writing, and the historical record
Conclusion
Conclusion
Bibliography
Manuscript collections
Contemporary printed material
Newspapers and magazines
Books and articles
Unpublished material
Index