SERS for Point-of-care and Clinical Applications focuses on the use of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (also known as Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering) techniques in clinical and point-of-care settings. Sections provide an overview of SERS biomedical applications, providing in-depth information about point-of-care and clinical applications of SERS using specific examples from current literature. These applications are not always immediately evident to newcomers in the field, as Raman and SERS are often introduced as analytical methods for chemical analysis. This book offers a concise introduction to the biomedical applications of SERS for graduate students, scientists and researchers in all related fields.
Author(s): Andrew Fales
Publisher: Elsevier
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 256
City: Amsterdam
Front Cover
SERS for Point-of-care and Clinical Applications
SERS for Point-of-care and Clinical Applications
Copyright
Contents
Contributors
Editor biography
1 - Data analysis in SERS diagnostics
Introduction
General data processing workflow
Study definition and data collection
Data handling considerations (data structures, organization)
Metadata organization
A bit of statistics
Survey of software available
Data integrity
Outliers
Data preprocessing
Spectral preprocessing (row-wise methods)
Normalization
Model-based methods
Column transformations
Models
Exploratory data analysis (unsupervised learning)
Regression
Principal component regression
Partial least squares regression
Classification
Linear discriminant analysis and quadratic discriminant analysis
Logistic regression
Principal component analysis and partial least squares as preprocessing: PCA-LDA, PLS-LDA, PLS-LR, etc.
Soft independent modeling of class analogies
Nonlinear models
k nearest neighbors
Support vector machines
Artificial neural networks
Verification of results
Bias and variance in verification
Verification schemes
Validation studies and assessing ruggedness
Hold out/independent test sets
Autoprediction (training error)
Resampling: cross validation and out-of-bootstrap
Figures of merit
Regression
Diagnostic plots
Diagnostic plots
Classification
Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and similar proportions
Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and similar proportions
Model stability and overfitting
Hyperparameter optimization
Concluding remarks
References
2 - Label-free SERS techniques in biomedical applications
Introduction
Oncological diseases
Neurological diseases
Infectious diseases
Future challenges and perspectives
References
3 - SERS probes and tags for biomedical applications
Introduction
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Design considerations
Particle type
Raman reporter
Surface coating
Targeting
Sensing mechanism
References
4 - SERS biosensors for point-of-care infectious disease diagnostics
Introduction
Antibody-based SERS biosensors
Aptamer-based SERS biosensors
Nucleic acid–based SERS biosensors
SERS biosensors without bioreceptor
Conclusion
References
5 - SERS-based molecular sentinel nanoprobes for nucleic acid biomarker detection
Introduction
Development of the iMS nanoprobe for label-free homogenous biosensing
Silver-coated gold nanostars for SERS detection
Detection scheme of the SERS iMS nanoprobe
Development of iMS for detection of microRNA biomarkers
Detection of miRNA biomarkers within biological samples
RNA extracted from cancer cell lines
Clinical evaluation of miRNA cancer biomarker detection using iMS nanoprobes
Multiplexed detection of miRNA biomarkers
Development of multiplexing technique
Multiplex detection of endogenous targets extracted from breast cancer cell lines
iMS bioassay-on-chip
Conclusion
References
6 - SERS detection of oral and gastrointestinal cancers
Introduction
Oral cancer
Introduction
Optimization and design considerations
Discussion and future directions
Esophageal cancer
Introduction
Optimization and design considerations
Discussion and future directions
Stomach cancer
Introduction
Optimization and design considerations
Discussion and future directions
Intestinal cancer
Introduction
Optimization and design considerations
Discussion and future directions
Concluding remarks
References
7 - In vivo imaging with SERS nanoprobes
Introduction
Raman imaging with SERS nanoprobes
In vivo imaging with SERS nanoparticles—multiplexing potential
Biological barriers and opportunities
Passive tumor targeting
Opsonization/sequestration by the mononuclear phagocyte system
Sequestration based on physicochemical properties
Blood–brain barrier
Molecular targeting
Ex vivo SERS-based molecular imaging
In vivo molecular imaging with SERS nanoprobes
Multimodal imaging using SERS nanoprobes
The future of in vivo Raman imaging
Imaging deeper
SERS and endoscopy
Spatially offset optics
Imaging faster
Nanoprobe administration
Conclusion
References
Index
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D
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I
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
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