Sensor networks continue to grow in importance for modern communication networks. Communication protocols are at the core of these networks, determining their ability to function, their capabilities, and the environments in which they are able to operate. In chapters carefully selected from the popular Handbook of Sensor Networks, Sensor Network Protocols supplies a sharply focused reference on protocols, security, data processing, and energy management in communication sensor networks that is ideal for specialists in the field. Providing a succinct guide to the protocols currently used in advanced sensor networks, this book focuses on four main areas: routing protocols; data gathering and processing; security and reliability; and energy management. The book opens with a survey of the challenges and opportunities facing the field. Then, expert contributors authoritatively discuss routing technologies, next-generation enabling technologies, comparative study of energy efficient protocols for wireless sensor networks, techniques to reduce computation and communication energy consumption, energy-aware routing, localized algorithms for sensor networks, and much more. Sensor Network Protocols details the techniques and technologies that are at the heart of modern sensor networks. It is an ideal reference for anyone interested in designing, planning, or building emerging sensor and communications networks.
Author(s): Imad Mahgoub, Mohammad Ilyas
Edition: 1
Publisher: CRC Press
Year: 2006
Language: English
Commentary: 41184
Pages: 225
Sensor Network Protocols......Page 1
Preface......Page 3
Editors......Page 4
Contributors......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
1.1 Introduction......Page 9
Contents......Page 0
1.2.2.1 General Engineering......Page 10
1.2.2.4 Military Applications......Page 11
1.3 Technical Challenges......Page 12
1.3.2 Power Supply......Page 13
1.3.4 Capacity/ Throughput......Page 14
1.3.6 Channel Access and Scheduling......Page 15
1.3.7.1 Wireless Link......Page 16
1.3.7.2 Energy Consumption......Page 17
1.3.9 Quality of Service......Page 18
1.4 Concluding Remarks......Page 19
References......Page 20
2.1 Introduction......Page 23
2.1.1 Geolocation and Identification of Mobile Targets......Page 24
2.1.2 Long- Term Architecture......Page 25
2.2 Goals for Real- Time Distributed Network Computing for Sensor Data Fusion......Page 27
2.3.1.1 Terrestrial Networks......Page 28
2.3.1.2 Wireless Networks......Page 29
2.3.3 Guaranteeing Computational Resources......Page 30
2.3.3.1 Avoiding Processor Interruption......Page 31
2.3.3.2 Working through System Faults......Page 32
2.5 Network Resource Management......Page 33
2.5.1 Graph Generator......Page 34
2.5.2 Metrics Object......Page 35
2.5.3 Graph Search......Page 36
2.5.7 Topology Database......Page 37
2.6 Experimental Results......Page 38
References......Page 41
3.1 Introduction......Page 44
3.1.1 Motivation and Design Issues in WSN Routing......Page 46
3.1.2 Routing Challenges in WSNs......Page 47
3.2.1.1 Sequential Assignment Routing ( SAR)......Page 49
3.2.1.2 Directed Diffusion......Page 50
3.2.1.4 Coherent and Noncoherent Processing......Page 53
3.2.2.1 LEACH Protocol......Page 54
3.2.2.3 Threshold- Sensitive Energy- Efficient Protocols ( TEEN and APTEEN)......Page 56
3.2.2.5 Fixed- Size Cluster Routing......Page 58
3.2.2.6 Virtual Grid Architecture Routing......Page 59
3.2.2.7 Hierarchical Power- Aware Routing......Page 60
3.2.3 Adaptive Routing......Page 61
3.2.4 Multipath Routing......Page 63
3.3 Routing in WSNs: Future Directions......Page 64
3.4 Conclusions......Page 65
References......Page 66
4.1 Introduction......Page 68
4.2.1 Sensor Network Applications......Page 69
4.2.2.3 Sensor Query and Data Dissemination Protocol ( SQDDP)......Page 70
4.3 Localization Protocols......Page 71
4.4 Time Synchronization Protocols......Page 72
4.5.1 Event- to- Sink Transport......Page 74
4.5.2 Sink- to- Sensors Transport......Page 75
4.6 Network Layer Protocols......Page 76
4.7 Data Link Layer Protocols......Page 78
4.7.1 Medium Access Control......Page 79
4.7.2 Error Control......Page 80
References......Page 81
5.1 Introduction......Page 84
5.2.1 Necessity of Resource Efficiency......Page 85
5.2.3 Energy Consumption in WSNs......Page 86
5.2.3.3 Communicating Energy......Page 87
5.3 Cross- Layer Communication Protocol Stack for WSNs......Page 88
5.4 Energy- Efficient MAC Protocols......Page 89
5.4.2.1 Centralized MAC Protocols......Page 90
5.4.2.2 Distributed MAC Protocols......Page 91
5.4.2.3 Hybrid MAC Protocols......Page 92
5.5.1 Classification of Network Layer Protocols......Page 93
5.5.2 Energy- Efficient Data Delivery Protocols......Page 94
5.5.2.1 Energy- Efficient Information Collection ( E2IC) Protocols......Page 95
5.5.2.2 Energy- Efficient Information Dissemination ( E2ID) Protocols......Page 98
5.5.3.2 Collaborative Signal and Information Processing ( CSIP)......Page 99
5.6 Concluding Remarks......Page 100
References......Page 101
6.1 Introduction......Page 106
6.2 Model Definition......Page 108
6.3.1 Preliminaries......Page 110
6.3.2.1 Energy- Efficient Summing Protocol......Page 111
6.3.2.2 Fault- Tolerant Energy- Efficient Summing Protocol......Page 114
6.3.3 WSNs with Dynamic Transmission Range......Page 115
6.4 Identifying Faulty Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks......Page 116
6.4.2 Locating Faulty Sensors in Multihop WSNs......Page 117
References......Page 120
7.1 Introduction......Page 123
7.2 Unique Characteristics of Wireless Sensor Networks......Page 124
7.2.1 Why Are MAC Layer Design Issues Important?......Page 125
7.3.1.1 Operation......Page 126
7.3.1.3 Merits, Drawbacks, and Implications for WSNs......Page 127
7.3.2.1 Operation......Page 128
7.3.3.1 Operation......Page 129
7.3.4.1 Operation......Page 130
7.3.4.2 Merits, Drawbacks, and Implications for WSNs......Page 131
7.4 Design Challenges for Wireless Sensor Networks......Page 132
7.4.1 Why Existing Methods for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Cannot Be Used......Page 133
7.4.2 Communication and Application Types in Sensor Networks......Page 134
7.5 Medium Access Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks......Page 135
7.5.1.2 Coordinated Sleeping......Page 136
7.5.1.4 Synchronization......Page 137
7.5.2.1 Operation......Page 138
7.5.3.1 Operation......Page 140
7.5.4 Power- Efficient and Delay- Aware Medium- Access Protocol for Sensor Networks ( PEDAMACS)......Page 142
7.5.4.1 Operation......Page 143
7.6 Open Issues......Page 144
Mobility management.......Page 145
References......Page 146
8.1 Introduction......Page 148
8.2.1 CPU- Centric DPM......Page 149
8.2.2 I/ O- Centric DPM......Page 150
8.4.1 The LEDF Algorithm......Page 151
8.4.2.1 Hardware Platform......Page 152
8.4.2.2 Software Architecture......Page 153
8.4.3 Experimental Results......Page 154
8.5.1 Device Scheduling for Two- State I/ O Devices......Page 158
8.5.1.1 Online Scheduling of Two- State Devices: Algorithm LEDES......Page 160
8.5.2 Low- Energy Device Scheduling of Multistate I/ O Devices......Page 161
8.5.3 Experimental Results......Page 164
8.6 Energy- Aware Communication......Page 166
8.6.1 Detection Probability Table......Page 167
8.6.2 Score- Based Ranking......Page 168
8.6.4 Energy Evaluation Model for Target Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks......Page 171
8.6.4.1 Refined Energy Evaluation Model......Page 173
8.6.6.1 Case Study......Page 175
8.7 Conclusions......Page 179
References......Page 180
9.1 Introduction......Page 182
9.2.1 Application Layer......Page 183
9.2.3 Data Link Layer......Page 184
9.3 Routing Protocol Characteristics and Related Work......Page 185
9.5 Energy- Aware Routing......Page 186
9.5.1 Setup Phase......Page 187
9.6 Simulations......Page 188
9.7 Data Funneling......Page 191
9.7.1 Setup Phase......Page 193
9.8 Conclusion......Page 194
References......Page 195
10.1 Introduction......Page 197
10.2 Game- Theoretic Models of Reliable and Length Energy- Constrained Routing......Page 198
10.2.1 Reliable Routing in Geographically- Routed Sensor Networks......Page 199
10.2.2 Distributed Implementation of Length- Constrained RQR......Page 200
10.3.1 Data Transmission Phase......Page 201
10.3.2 Path Determination Phase......Page 202
10.4 Performance Evaluation......Page 203
10.4.2 Results and Analysis......Page 204
References......Page 206
11.1.1 Motivation......Page 209
11.2 Models and Abstractions......Page 210
11.3 Centralized Algorithm......Page 212
11.4.2 ( MI)2......Page 216
11.4.2.2 Phase 2: System Structuring......Page 217
11.4.3 Solving ILP Problems by ( Mi)2 - Based Paradigm......Page 218
11.5 Analysis......Page 220
11.6 Protocols and Distributed Localized Algorithms......Page 221
11.7 Pending Challenges......Page 223
References......Page 224
