This book covers sensation in all major components of the pelvic region. The small pelvis is containing many different structures and viscera, and sensations elicited there are important for regulating a normal daily life and for warning that something is going wrong. The sensory system is driving in many aspects the motor activity, and precedes and guides the efferent functions. It is surprising that in the last 60 years the ratio between research and publications about sensory versus motor has gradually become less. There has been undoubtedly a rise in the number of publications written on pelvic sensation but in the same time the number of manuscripts on motor function have increased more.
It is the hope that this compilation of most data available on sensation will be of interest for the reader, will incite to perform more research so that an important part of pelvic functional diagnosis and treatment modalities will use the whole of the mechanisms available.
The book is intended for all interested in pelvic functions and the interactions between the different structures, specialists in urology, gastroenterology, sexuality, pain, pelvic floor function and dysfunction, paediatricians and geriatricians, neurologists, students and those in training . The reader will find interesting and challenging information, and suggestions for further research.
Author(s): Jean Jacques Wyndaele
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 186
City: Cham
Foreword
Preface
Contents
About the Author
Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 Introduction to the Subject of the Book
2 Neurophysiology of Pelvic Sensation
Abstract
2.1 Sensory Nervous Pathways of Pelvic Structures in Human
2.2 Sensation as Part of Afferent Potentials
References
3 Sensations in the Urinary Bladder
Abstract
3.1 Neurophysiology
3.2 Sensations in the Bladder
3.3 Micromotions and Sensation in the Bladder
3.4 Bladder Filling Sensations
3.4.1 Filling Sensation During Daily Life
Ways to Investigate
History
Self-administered Questionnaires
Voiding Diaries/Frequency Volume Charts (VD/FVC)
3.4.2 Filling Sensation During Cystometry
Which Sensations can be Felt During Cystometry
Are the Different Sensations Running in Different Nerves?
Effect of Posture and Repetition of Cystometry on Bladder Filling Sensation
Faked Cystometry and Perception of Filling Sensations
Filling Sensation and Age
Filling Sensation and Gender
Filling sensation and DOA
Filling Sensation and Bladder Compliance
Filling Sensation and UTI
Can Impaired Sensation of Filling Be a Sign of Neuropathy?
Is Filling Sensation Influenced by Muscarinics and Antimuscarinics?
Filling Sensation and Neurologic Diseases
3.4.3 Other Methods to Study Bladder Filling Sensation
3.4.4 Types of Filling Sensation Disturbances
Absent Bladder Filling Sensation
Increased Bladder Filling Sensation
Reduced Filling Sensation
Nonspecific Sensation During Filling
3.5 Bladder Sensation During Voiding
3.6 Bladder Pain
3.7 Urgency
3.8 Sensation of Touch
3.9 Sensation of Temperature
3.10 Electro-Sensation
3.10.1 Techniques of Electrosensation Measurement: The Determination of Current Perception Threshold
3.10.2 Reproducibility of Electro-Sensation Measurement
3.10.3 Electrosensation and Age
3.10.4 Electrosensation and Gender
3.10.5 Electrosensation and DOA
3.10.6 Electrosensation and Bladder Compliance
3.10.7 Electrosensation and UTI
3.10.8 Electrosensation in Neurogenic Bladders
3.10.9 Is Electrosensation Influenced by Muscarinics and Antimuscarinics?
3.10.10 Quantitative Electrical Pain Threshold
3.11 Filling Sensation and Electrosensation Compared
References
4 Urethral Sensation
Abstract
4.1 Neurophysiology
4.2 Sensations Felt in the Urethra
4.2.1 Sensation of Flow
4.2.2 Urethral Sensation and Visual/Auditive Influences
4.2.3 Urethral Sensation and Feeling of the Desire to Void
4.2.4 Intra-urethral Touch as by Catheterization and Endoscopy
4.2.5 Urethral Pain
Urethral Pain Syndrome
4.2.6 Thermal Sensation
4.2.7 Electrosensation
Urethral CPT and Age
Urethral CPT and Gender
Urethral CPT and OAB
Urethral CPT and Prior Pelvic Surgery
Urethral CPT and Bedwetting
Urethral CPT and Neurologic Diseases
Urethral Sensation and Neuromodulation
Correlation Bladder Filling Sensation and Urethral CPT
References
5 Bowel Sensation
Abstract
5.1 Neurophysiology
5.2 Bowel Sensation and Age
5.3 Types of Sensory Disturbances in the Bowel
5.3.1 Rectal Hypo Sensitivity (RH)
5.3.2 Rectal Hypersensitivity
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
5.4 The Interaction Between Bowel and Bladder
References
6 Sensation in Sexual Organs and Sexual Function
Abstract
6.1 Sensation and Sexuality in Men
6.1.1 Neurophysiology
Central Neural Mechanisms
Penis
Scrotum
Testicles
Spermatic Cord
Prostate
6.1.2 Sensory Disturbances
Pain
Penile Pain
Prostate Pain
Pain with Prostate Biopsies
Prostatitis
6.2 Sensation and Sexual Function in Women
6.2.1 Neurophysiology
6.2.2 Sensations During Female Sexual Activity (Meston et al. 2004)
6.2.3 Central Sexual Sensation
6.2.4 Orgasm
6.2.5 Effect of Childbirth
6.2.6 Sensory Impairments
Hypersensitivity Disorders
Vulvodynia
6.2.7 Ways to Investigate
References
7 Sensation and Pelvic Floor
Abstract
7.1 Neuro-Anatomy and Neurophysiology of the Pelvic Floor
7.2 Sensory Innervation of the Pelvic Floor
7.3 Clinical Data
7.4 Clinical Examination
7.5 Sensory Disturbances
7.5.1 Hypersensitivity
Pain
7.5.2 Hyposensitivity
References
8 Sensation in Toilet Training and Enuresis in Children
Abstract
8.1 The Role of Sensation in Toilet Training
8.2 Day-Time Wetting Alarm
8.3 Bladder Biofeedback
8.4 SENS-U
8.5 The Role of Sensation in Enuresis Nocturnal
References
9 Pelvic Sensation in the Elderly
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Neurological Central Changes with Ageing
9.3 Bladder Sensory Function in Ageing
9.3.1 Neurologic Control of the Bladder in Elderly
9.3.2 The Underactive Bladder (UAB) in Ageing
9.4 Gastrointestinal Sensory Function in the Elderly
9.5 Pelvic Floor Sensation in the Elderly
9.6 Genital Sensation in the Elderly
9.7 Interpretation of Sensory Symptoms
References
10 Pain in the Pelvic Region
Abstract
10.1 Definition and Neurophysiology of Pain
References
11 Sensation in the Pelvis After Surgical Interventions
Abstract
11.1 Pelvic Surgical Interventions Males
11.1.1 Circumcision
11.1.2 Prostate Surgery
Operation for Benign Prostate (BPH)
Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer
11.2 Pelvic Surgery Females
11.2.1 Suburethral Tape
11.2.2 Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)
11.2.3 Plastic Surgery of Labia and Introitus
11.2.4 Feminizing Genitoplasties
11.2.5 Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting
11.2.6 Hysterectomy
11.2.7 Radical Hysterectomy
11.3 Radical Resection of Lower Bowel
References
12 Psychology/Quality of Life and Pelvic Sensation
Abstract
12.1 Psychology and BPS, CPPS
12.2 Psychology and OAB/Urgency
12.3 Psychology and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
12.4 Psychology and Non-neurogenic Voiding Dysfunction
12.5 Psychology and IBS
12.6 Psychology and the Brain–Bladder–Gut
12.7 Psychology and Toilet Training
12.8 Psychology and Sexual Sensory Problems
References
13 Sensory Interaction of Bladder and Bowel
Abstract
13.1 Data on Sensory Interaction Between Bladder and Bowel
References
14 Ways Forward with Future Research
