This book offers a model for understanding securitization in terms of hegemonic discourse formations. It re-thinks the very meaning of security as well as the relationship between the understanding of security in traditional and critical approaches in security studies to find a common denominator between them. Deduced firmly from realist political philosophy and its analytic categories, such as state-based sovereignty, security is presented as a function of discursive formations. Providing a sound discourse-theoretical foundation which includes both linguistic and non-linguistic practices as well as a focus on relationships of power, the book offers a basis for the integration of insights generated by the different approaches to securitisation, and enhances the analytical and explanatory depth of the concept.
As part of its theoretical foundation, the book further presents a fundamentally new image of long-standing theoretical and conceptual challenges within speech-act inspired approaches, including the re-formulation of central analytical categories such as the speaker-audience-context nexus. By explaining securitisation as signifying the boundaries of the construction of meaning, it presents an original understanding of securitisation, which is deeply integrated into the structures of the social construction of meaning. On this basis, the book offers a new understanding of successful securitisation factors and insights into aspects that render specific objects more or less likely for securitisation. The book proceeds to discuss two central aspects of the securitisation debate: The constitution of power, as well as an exploration of the nature of the political and politicisation. An empirical case study on the development-security-nexus offers further insights into the applicability of the theoretical model. This book will appeal to students, researchers, and scholars of political science and international relations (IR) interested in a better understanding of IR theory, realism, critical security studies, and discourse analysis.
Author(s): Hannah Broecker
Series: Contributions to International Relations
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 246
City: Cham
Acknowledgments
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
Bibliography
Chapter 2: On the Origins and Nature of Meaning
2.1 Modelling Securitisation Through Linguistic Speech Act Theory
2.2 Fundamentals of Linguistic Speech Act Theory
2.2.1 The Translation of Linguistic Speech Act Theory to Securitisation
2.2.1.1 Securitisation as Illocutionary Speech Act
2.2.1.2 Securitisation as Conventional Consequence of the Illocutionary Act
2.2.1.3 The Analytical Figure of the Speaker
2.2.1.4 The Analytical Figure of the Audience
2.2.1.5 Facilitating Conditions
2.2.1.6 Securitisation as Perlocutionary Effect
2.2.2 Social Theory Adaptations of Linguistic Speech Act Theory
2.2.3 The Second Generation of Securitisation Theory
2.3 Securitisation in the Paris School: Routinised Practices
2.4 Aspects of a Use-Based Approach to the Construction of Meaning
Bibliography
Chapter 3: Investigating the Meaning of Security
3.1 Hobbes and the Original Myth of State-Centric Security
3.2 Death and Order as Core Aspects of Security in Hobbesian Political Philosophy
3.2.1 Security as Physical Survival
3.2.1.1 Death and the Construction of Reality
3.2.1.2 Construction of Death in Western Modernity
3.2.1.3 Non-modern Perspectives: Symbolic Exchange with Death and the Absence of Radical Opposition
3.2.2 Order and the Figure of the Judge: A Cure for Insecurity
3.3 Sovereignty as Security of the State
3.3.1 Modern Academic Discourse
3.3.2 Domestic Sovereignty
3.3.3 International Sovereignty
3.3.4 Debates About the Non-applicability of Sovereignty
3.3.5 The Co-constitution of Sovereign Units: A Critique
3.3.6 Historical Developments: Central Aspects of State Formation in Europe
3.3.7 Accumulation and Centralisation of Military and Economic Power
3.3.8 Property and Sovereignty: Co-dependence of Accumulation and Centralisation of Coercive and Financial Means
3.3.9 Centralisation of Control
3.4 Conclusion to the Meaning of Security
Bibliography
Chapter 4: Securitisation as Hegemonic Discourse Formation
4.1 Security and Discursive Order
4.1.1 Post-structuralist Perspectives on Security
4.1.2 Discursive Order in Securitisation Approaches
4.2 Discourse and Hegemony in the Essex School
4.3 (De-)Securitisation as (Counter-)Hegemonic Projects
4.3.1 The Translation of Analytical Categories
4.3.2 Hegemony, Securitisation and De-securitisation
4.3.2.1 De-securitisation Within Discourse Hegemony
4.4 The Constitution of Power
4.4.1 The Conception of Power in Securitisation Approaches
4.4.1.1 The Power to Securitise in the Copenhagen School (CS)
4.4.1.2 The Power to Securitise in the Paris School (PS), Practices and Materiality
4.4.1.3 The Power of Securitisation
4.4.1.4 Interim Conclusion
4.4.2 Power (and the Likelihood of Success) in Hegemony Theory
4.4.3 Agency and Structure
4.4.3.1 The Incompletion of Structure
4.4.3.2 Agency and the Subject
4.4.3.3 Factors for the Outcome of Choice
4.4.4 Conclusions on Power
4.5 Securitisation, the Political and Politicisation
4.5.1 The Political in Post-Structural Hegemony Approaches
4.5.2 Securitisation, the Political and Politicisation
4.5.3 Success and Multimodality in Securitisation as Hegemonic Discourse Formation
4.5.3.1 Hegemonic Discourse Formations and Success
4.6 Conclusion to Securitisation as Hegemonic Discourse Formation
Bibliography
Chapter 5: The Development-Security Nexus: A Case Study
5.1 Historical Roots of the Security-Development Nexus
5.2 Co-constructing Antagonist Entities: The Proper Order of Society
5.2.1 Constructing `Underdevelopment´: The Failure of the Deviant and Dangerous Other
5.2.2 Co-constructing `Development´: The Representation of Order
5.2.3 Equivalences: The Construction of Antagonist Entities-Development/Security and Underdevelopment/Insecurity
5.3 Dislocations and Counter-Hegemonic Discourses
5.3.1 Critiques Concerning Empirical Links
5.3.2 Critiques from the Perspective of Geopolitics and Global Political Economy
5.3.3 Normative and Epistemological Critiques
5.3.4 The Logics of the Security-Development Nexus: Between Dislocations and the Hegemonic Discourse
5.4 The Power of Securitisation: Relations of Governance in the Development-Security Nexus
5.5 Conclusion to the Security-Development Nexus
Bibliography
Chapter 6: Conclusion
