Routledge Handbook of Global Land and Resource Grabbing

Cover
Endorsements
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Tables
Figures
Boxes
Contributors
Acknowledgements
Foreword
References
1. Global Land and Resource Grabbing: An Introduction
Introduction: The Global Rush for Land and Natural Resources in the 21st Century
Actors Driving the Global Land and Resource Rush
Discourses and Narratives around Land and Resource Grabbing
Development Discourses
Crisis Narratives
Terra Nullius or the Myth of Empty Lands
Conservation Discourses
Practices of Dispossession and Social Impacts of Land and Resource Grabbing
Contributions to This Handbook
References
Part 1: Historical Trajectories of Land and Resource Grabbing
2. From the Colonial Doctrine of Discovery to Contemporary Land Grabs: 'Dignity Taking' against the Poor
Introduction
Dignity Takings and Land Grabbing
The Violence of the Doctrine of Discovery and Contemporary Land Grabs
Neocolonialism
Empty Land and Productive Use Thesis
Contiguous Land in Land Grabbing
Conclusion
References
3. Riro Whenua Atu, Hoki Whenua Mai: Land Grabbing in British Settler States and Contested Land Restitution to Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand
Introduction
Dispossessing Indigenous Peoples
Canada
United States
Australia
Dispossessing Māori
Attempts at Land Restitution to Māori - Repossessions
Alternatives to Repossessions
International Influences
Constitutional Transformation
Conclusion
References
4. Ruptures and Continuities: How the Global Land "Rush" (Re)produces Slow Violence on Latin America's Resource Frontiers
Introduction
Rethinking the Rush
A Land Rush in Four Acts
Grabbing as a Racialized Logic of Dispossession
Conclusion: Colonial Continuities
Notes
References
Part 2: Enabling Mechanisms and Governance of Land and Resource Grabbing
5. Capture Land: Anti-squatting Policy as Processual Land Grab in Jamaica
Introduction
Anti-squatting Policy as a Processual Land Grab
A History of the Present
Post-emancipation Land Policy
Postcoloniality and the Land Question
Plant It Up, 1978
Remix: Squatting as Crime, as Corruption
Conclusion
Notes
References
6. The Rule of Technocrats?: Historical Conditions for a Land Grab in Northern Guatemala
Introduction
Land Administration as Precursor to Land Grab in Northern Guatemala
Making Property Rights, Erasing Land Claims
When a Land Market Became the Answer to Guatemala's Agrarian Problem
Powers of the Technical
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Notes
References
7. Governing Land Concessions in Laos
Introduction
Governing Land Grabbing
Governmental Reforms
State-Society Relations
Transnational Governance
Conclusion
Note
References
Part 3: Large-Scale Land Acquisitions for Food, Feed and Biofuels
8. Sugar Agro-Extractivism: Land Enclosures, Contract Farming and the Sugar Frontier in Africa
Introduction
Land Grabbing or Development Opportunity?
Enclosures and the Sugar Frontier
The Socio-ecological Implications of Contracting Sugarcane Farming
Resistance and Contentious Politics
Conclusion
References
9. Conceptualizing Contract Farming in the Global Land Grabbing Debate
Introduction
Contract Farming in the Land Grab Literature
Contract Farming as a Form of Land Grabbing
Contract Farming as an Inclusive Alternative
Contract Farming as a Post-grab Production System
Beyond Grabbing: Contract Farming as a Form of Land Control
Contract Farming and Land: Recentering Agrarian Questions
Notes
References
10. GMOs, the Land Grab, and Epistemological Enclosures
Introduction
Genetically Modified Organisms
Enclosures and the Geopolitics of Knowledge
Sites of Multiple Enclosures
Epistemological Enclosures: Seeds and Place-Based Knowledges
Resistance
Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
Note
References
Part 4: Taking Land for Conservation, Eco-Tourism, Renewable Energy and Carbon Markets
11. Green Territoriality and Resource Extraction in Cambodia
Introduction
Green Territorialization: State-Making and Environmental Enclosures
Forests in the Twentieth Century
Establishing Environmental Governance in Cambodia (1990s-2000s)
Contemporary Resource Grabbing and Green Territorialisation
Resource Control and Extraction under the Guise of Green Territorialisation
Conclusion
Notes
References
12. Towards Climate-Smart Land Policy: Land Grabbing under a Changing Political Landscape in Mozambique
Introduction
Theoretical Lens and Literature Review
Land Grabbing and "the Greener" New Scramble for Resources
Climate Change and Land Grabbing: Towards Climate Smart Land Politics
Role of the State and Institutions
Land Grabbing and Political Landscape in Mozambique
Context and Land Politics
Changing Political Landscape towards Climate-Smart Land Use: Agricultural Policy towards Commodification and Financialization
PEDSA and ProSAVANA
SUSTENTA: Promoting Rural Financialization (Land as Collateral)
Programa Terra Segura
Green Agendas, Policy-Making, and Land Grabbing under Climate Change Narratives
Land Policy Revision: Towards a More Business-Friendly Land Law
Building a Policy Landscape Facilitating Land Grabbing: The Case of Zambézia Province
Conclusion
Acknowledgement
Notes
References
13. Renewables Grabbing: Land and Resource Appropriations in the Global Energy Transition
Introduction
Changing Energy Frontiers
Resource Grabbing and Conflict at the Renewable Energy Frontiers
Large-Scale Biofuels
Hydropower
Wind Power
Large-Scale Solar Power
Conclusion
Notes
References
14. Geospatial Technologies in Tourism Land and Resource Grabs: Evidence from Guatemala's Protected Areas
Introduction
Background: Maya Biosphere Reserve
Reserve Forest Use and Management
Contested Conservation Landscapes
Geospatial Technologies and Tourism Land and Resource Grabbing in the Maya Biosphere Reserve
Geospatial Knowledges and the Production of Touristic Spaces
Threat Narratives and Geospatial Technologies
Securitization Logics and Practices in Tourism Land Grabbing
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Notes
References
Part 5: Land Grabbing by Extractive Industries: Fossil Fuels, Minerals and Metals
15. Arctic Resource Extraction in the Context of Climate Crises and Ecological Collapses
Introduction
The Difficulties of Resource Extraction Amid Climate Catastrophes
Neglect of the Climate Crisis in Arctic Government Policies
Market and Social Responses to Worsening Extraction Possibilities
Arctic Social Scientific Contributions to Global Land Grabbing Studies
Concluding Remarks
Note
References
16. Territorial Control, Dispossession and Resistance: The Political Economy of Large-Scale Mining in Asia
Introduction
The Land and Large-Scale Mining Nexus in Asia: A Political Economy Framing
Enabling Intermediate Practices of Accumulation and Dispossession, and Mining-Specific Repertoires of Resistance
Territorial Control, Dispossession and Resistance: The Case of Mongolia
Conclusion
Notes
References
17. Phosphate Mining in Distant Places: The Dark Side of New Zealand's Agricultural Economic Success
Introduction
The Critical Role of Phosphate in Agriculture
Pacific Imperialism - The Case of Banaba Island
Continuing Imperialism - The Case Study of Western Sahara Phosphate and Morocco
Discussion and Conclusion
References
Part 6: Blue Grabbing: The Global Rush for Freshwater and Marine Resources
18. Cases of Water Grabbing in Waterscape Developments in India
Introduction
Scholarship on Water Grabbing
Characteristics of Water Grabbing
Groundwater Extraction
Imported Water
Designation and Delineation of the Waterbodies
Desilting, Dredging, and Deepening
Wastewater
Life in/on Water
Drainage Courses
Stepwells and Borewells
Value Grabbing
Discussion and Ways Forward
Notes
References
19. The Historical Assembly of Oceania's Deep-Sea Mining Frontier
Introduction
Liminality, Ontological Politics and the Making of Deep-sea Mineral Resources
DSM in the Pacific: The Current State of Play
Phase One: Polymetallic Nodules in the International Seabed Almost Become Resources
Phase Two: Resource-making Efforts Shift to Seafloor Massive Sulphides within National Jurisdictions
Phase Three: The Return to Nodules in the Area
Conclusion
References
20. Resource Grabbing and the Blue Commons: The Evolution of Institutions in Scallop Production in Sechura Bay, Peru
Introduction
The IADF and Marine Privatization
Method
Results: The Evolution of Institutional Arrangements in Relation to Sea Bottom Access
Understanding the Evolution Towards De Facto Enclosure
Understanding the Establishment of a Formal Common Property Regime
Understanding the Evolution of De Facto Private Property Rights
Understanding the Establishment of a Formal Private Property Regime
Conclusion
Notes
References
21. Coastal Grabbing by Extractive Industries in the South Pacific: The Case of Fiji
Introduction
Background
Concepts and Methods
Conflicting Concepts of Resource Ownership and Control
Who Owns the Land?
Who Owns the Fisheries (Qoliqoli)?
Who Owns the Mangroves?
Who Owns the (Iron) Sand?
Civil Society Activism and Indigenous Resistance to the Mine
Discussion and Conclusion: Coastal Grabbing and Terraqueous Territoriality
Note
References
Part 7: Land Grabs for Large Infrastructure Projects
22. Corridors of Connectivity and the Infrastructural Land Rush in Laos
Introduction
Defining the Infrastructural Land Rush
Corridor Histories in Laos
Modes and Implications of the Infrastructural Land Rush
Megaprojects Legitimize Land Appropriation
Megaprojects Restructure Land Governance
Megaprojects Transform the Corridor and its Hinterlands
Megaprojects Reshape Local Landscapes and Lives
Conclusion
References
23. Large Infrastructure Projects and Cascading Land Grabs: The Case of Northern Kenya
Introduction
Infrastructure and Global Land Grabbing
The LAPSSET Corridor in Isiolo County
Compulsory Land Acquisitions for the LAPSSET Corridor
The Land Grab Cascade Along the LAPSSET Corridor
Strategies of Existing Rural Land Users Along the LAPSSET Corridor
Concluding Discussion: Large Infrastructure Projects and Cascading Land Grabs
Notes
References
24. The Great 'Anti-politics' Progress Machine: Mega-Infrastructure Projects, Disenchanted Institutional Change and Dramas of Grabbed Commons
Introduction
The New Frontier Approach
Anti-politics, Desiring Machines and Enchantment
The New Institutional Political Ecology Approach
Methodologies and Case Studies
Extending State Control with Multiple Fits: Tibet in the Belt and Road Initiative
Green Commons Grabbing and Institution Shopping: SAGCOT and Its Consequences in Tanzania
Discussion and Conclusion
Notes
References
Internet sources
Part 8: Urban Land Grabs and Special Economic Zones
25. Urban Land Grabs: An Overview of the Issues
Introduction
Urban Land Investments and their Consequences
Land Grab Experiences in African Cities
Investments in Urban Land and Real Estate: The Case of Khartoum, Sudan
Investments in Climate-Resilient Urbanization: The Case of Beira City, Mozambique
Investments in New City Development: The Case of Konza Technopolis New City, Kenya
Key Issues of Urban Land Grabs
Conclusion: Addressing Urban Land Grabs Through Deeper Academic and Political Engagement
Notes
References
26. History and Contemporary Displacement in Suva's Informal Settlements
Land-Grabbing and Gentrification - Some Conceptual Views
An Overview of the History of Land Tenure in Suva
Informal Settlements in the Eastern Part of Suva Peninsula
'Interventions' to Informal Settlements in the Eastern Part of Suva Peninsula
Resettlement and Land Reclamation for Commercial Development and Middle-Class Housing
Apartment-Type Housing for Poorer Sections of Suva's Population
Implications of Eviction/Resettlement on People's Livelihood Systems
Conclusion
References
27. Transnational NGO Advocacy to Address Land Grabbing Injustices: The Case of the Thilawa Special Economic Zone in Myanmar
Introduction
SEZ as a Transnational Space
Phase I Controversy in the Thilawa SEZ Project
Workings of Transnational NGO Advocacy
Conclusion
Notes
References
Part 9: Land and Resource Grabbing: Resistance, Restitution and Remedies
28. After the Rubber Boom: A Cautionary Tale from Southern Laos and Northeastern Cambodia
Introduction
Methods
Challenges Facing Large-Scale Plantation Developers
Price Constraints
Conflicts with Villagers and Activists
Management Difficulties
Technical and Environmental Problems
Lack of Government Support at Various Levels
Conclusions
Notes
References
29. Gender and Dispossession in India: Dynamics of Women's Participation in Anti-Land Grabbing Struggles
Introduction
Gender, Dispossession, and Collective Action: A Framework for Analysis
Examining Gender Dynamics of Anti-Land Grabbing Resistance: Three Cross-Cutting Themes
Social Reproduction
Leadership
Transformative Outcomes
Conclusion
Notes
References
30. The Role of Emotions in Resistance Movements against Land and Resource Grabs: New Evidence from Cambodia
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Context
Case 1: Srae Ampil Village, Mondulkiri Province
Case 2: Boribor, Kampong Chhnang Province
How Emotions Enable Land Grabs
How Emotions Disable Land Grabs
Discussion: How Do Emotions Operate in the Long-Term in Social Movements Resisting Land Grabs?
Conclusion
References
31. Filling Gaps in International Human Rights Law to Address Global Land and Resource Grabbing: Extraterritorial Human Rights Law Obligations of States and the Rights of Future Generations
Introduction
The Human Rights Legal Framework and Extraterritorial Obligations of States
The Human Rights of Future Generations
The Current Gap
Future Persons
States' Obligations
Remedy and Representation
Notes
References
Index